Wearable cardiac defibrillation system with electrode assemblies having pillow structure
In embodiments, a wearable cardiac defibrillation (WCD) system includes one or more flexible ECG electrodes. The WCD system may have a support structure that is dimensioned to be worn so as to press the electrodes towards the body of the patient. The electrodes may be made from appropriate material so as to flex in order to match a contour of the body of the patient. An advantage over the prior art is that the flexible electrode may make better electrical contact with the patient's skin, and therefore provide a better ECG signal for the WCD system to perform its diagnosis.
1. A Wearable Defibrillator (WD) system, comprising:
a support structure configured to be worn by a patient, the support structure dimensioned relative to a body of the patient to be so worn with nonzero tension that causes nonzero pressure to be exerted onto the patient;
an electronics module configured to be coupled to the support structure;
a conductive electrode configured to be coupled to the support structure so that the electrode remains pressed against the patient due to the nonzero pressure when the support structure is so worn, the electrode flexible enough so as to acquire a first shape due to being subjected to the nonzero pressure when the support structure is so worn, but a second shape different from the first shape if the electrode alone is deposited on a flat level surface without the electrode being subjected to an external pressure; and
a signal conductor configured to couple electronically the electronics module and the electrode when the support structure is so worn.
2. The WD system of claim 1 , in which the electrode has a main surface with an average thickness measured in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of less than 4 mm.
3. The WD system of claim 1 , in which the electrode has a main surface with an average thickness measured in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of less than 2 mm.
4. The WD system of claim 1 , in which the electrode has a main surface with a surface area of at least 1 cm 2 .
5. The WD system of claim 1 , in which the electrode includes a metal foil.
6. The WD system of claim 1 , in which the electrode includes a material that includes silicone.
7. The WD system of claim 1 , in which the electrode includes a material that includes a conductive silicone rubber.
8. The WD system of claim 1 , in which the electrode includes a material that includes polyurethane.
9. An electrode assembly configured for use with a Wearable Defibrillator (WD) system, the WD system including a support structure configured to be worn by a patient while exerting nonzero pressure to a body of the patient, and a signal conductor having a first end terminating in a first electro-mechanical connector and a second end configured to be coupled electronically to the electronics module, the electrode assembly comprising:
an electrode;
a signal terminal that is electrically coupled to the electrode and is part of a second electro-mechanical connector that can match matingly the first electro-mechanical connector; and
a pillow structure between the electrode and the signal terminal, and
in which the electrode assembly is configured to be coupled to the support structure so that the electrode remains pressed against the body due to the nonzero pressure when the support structure is so worn, and
the pillow structure acquires a first shape in response at least in part to electrode assembly being subjected to the nonzero pressure when the support structure is so worn, but a second shape different from the first shape without the pillow structure being subjected to an external pressure.
10. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the first electro-mechanical connector and the second electro-mechanical connector include snap mechanical contacts.
11. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the electrode has a main surface with an average thickness measured in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of less than 4 mm.
12. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the electrode has a main surface with an average thickness measured in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of less than 2 mm.
13. The electrode assembly system of claim 9 , in which the electrode has a main surface with a surface area of at least 1 cm 2 .
14. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the electrode includes a metal foil.
15. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the electrode includes a material that includes silicone.
16. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the electrode has a main surface that has holes.
17. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the first shape is a squeezed version of the second shape.
18. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the pillow structure includes a piece of a foam.
19. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the pillow structure includes a pouch filled with a fluid.
20. The electrode assembly of claim 9 , in which the pillow structure includes an open-celled structure.