Methods for fabricating a monolithic multi-optical-waveguide penetrator or connector
Methods and apparatus are provided for a monolithic multi-optical-waveguide penetrator or connector. One example apparatus generally includes a plurality of large diameter optical waveguides, each having a core and a cladding, and a body having a plurality of bores with the optical waveguides disposed therein, wherein at least a portion of the cladding of each of the optical waveguides is fused with the body, such that the apparatus is a monolithic structure. Such an apparatus provides for a cost- and space-efficient technique for feedthrough of multiple optical waveguides. Also, the body may have a large outer diameter which can be shaped into features of interest, such as connection alignment or feedthrough sealing features.
1. A method, comprising:
forming a body having opposing sides and having a plurality of bores defined therein, the bores extending through the body from one of the opposing sides to the other of the opposing sides;
providing separate pathways for conducting independent optical signals by positioning a plurality of large diameter optical waveguides, each having a core and a cladding, in the plurality of bores of the body, wherein each of the bores in the body is separate and distinct from another one of the plurality of bores such that each of the cores of the large diameter optical waveguides has a separation from each of the other cores and is configured to conduct the independent optical signal in one of the separate pathways;
sealing the large diameter optical waveguides in the bores of the body and providing free ends of each of the large diameter optical waveguides extending from the opposing sides of the body by fusing at least a portion of the cladding of each of the large diameter optical waveguides with the body, such that an apparatus resulting therefrom is a monolithic structure;
positioning at least a portion the apparatus in a housing and sealing an outer surface of the body with an inner surface of the housing using one or more annular sealing elements; and
splicing separate optical fibers for the independent optical signals to the provided free ends of each of the large diameter optical waveguides extending from the opposing sides of the body.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the body having the plurality of bores defined therein comprises drilling the plurality of bores in the body before the positioning.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the body having the plurality of bores defined therein comprises drawing the body having the plurality of bores from a preform before the positioning.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the body comprises forming at least one orientation feature in the body.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein forming the at least one orientation feature comprises forming at least one flat surface formed in an outer diameter of the body and parallel to an axis of the body.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising dicing the monolithic structure of the apparatus in the fused portion to form two monolithic members of the apparatuses, each monolithic member having an end face and having one of the opposing sides of the body, the end face having the large diameter optical waveguides exposed, each one of the opposing sides having the provided free ends of each of the large diameter optical waveguides extending therefrom.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising polishing the end face of at least one of the two monolithic members of the apparatus.
8. The method of claim 6 , further comprising butting the end faces of the two monolithic members of the apparatus together, such that the large diameter optical waveguides in the two monolithic members of the apparatuses are aligned.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising using at least one orientation feature in at least one of the two monolithic members of the apparatus to align the large diameter optical waveguides.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the large diameter optical waveguides has an outer diameter of at least 3 mm.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein fusing at least the portion of the cladding of each of the large diameter optical waveguides with the body comprises fusing at least a portion of the cladding of each of the large diameter optical waveguides directly to the body.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bores of the body have parallel longitudinal axes, and wherein none of the plurality of bores are collinear.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the bores is separated from another one of the plurality of bores by at least a portion of the body.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the body comprises forming the body having first and second portions and having a tapered surface between the first and second portions, the first portion having a first outer diameter, the second portion having a second outer diameter, the second outer diameter being smaller than the first outer diameter; and wherein positioning the body in the housing and sealing the outer surface comprises engaging the tapered surface against a complementary tapered seat in the housing.
15. A method, comprising:
forming a body having opposing sides and having a plurality of apertures defined therein, the apertures extending through the body from one of the opposing sides to the other of the opposing sides;
providing separate pathways for conducting independent optical signals by positioning a plurality of large diameter optical waveguides, each having a core and a cladding, in the plurality of apertures of the body, each of the cores of the large diameter optical waveguides having a separation from each of the other cores and being configured to conduct the independent optical signal in one of the separate pathways;
after the positioning, fusing at least a portion of the cladding of each of the large diameter optical waveguides with the body and providing free ends of each of the large diameter optical waveguides extending from the opposing sides of the body, such that an apparatus resulting therefrom is a monolithic structure;
positioning the apparatus in a housing and sealing an outer surface of the body with an inner surface of the housing using one or more annular sealing elements; and
splicing separate optical fibers for the independent optical signals to the provided free ends of each of the large diameter optical waveguides extending from the opposing sides of the body.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the apertures of the body have parallel longitudinal axes.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the apertures of the body are nonoverlapping.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein forming the body comprises:
drawing the body having the plurality of apertures from a preform; or
drilling the plurality of apertures in the body.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein forming the body comprises forming at least one orientation feature in the body, wherein the at least one orientation feature comprises at least one flat surface formed in an outer diameter of the body and parallel to an axis of the body.
20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising dicing the monolithic structure of the apparatus in the fused portion to form two monolithic members of the apparatuses, each monolithic member having an end face and having one of the opposing sides of the body, the end face having the large diameter optical waveguides exposed, each one of the opposing sides having the provided free ends of each of the large diameter optical waveguides extending therefrom.