IP Library Granted Patent US 12,421,503
Granted Patent B2
US 12,421,503 · App. 18/472,540 · Granted Sep 23, 2025

Ketoreductase polypeptides for the production of azetidinone

Inventors: Onorato Campopiano (Hayward, CA); Emily Mundorff (Garden City, NY); Birthe Borup (Wesel, DE); Rama Voladri (Pleasanton, CA)
Assignee: Codexis, Inc.
C12N9/0006C12P17/10C12Y101/01184Y02P20/52
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,421,503
App. No.
18/472,540
Filed
Sep 22, 2023
Granted
Sep 23, 2025
Kind
B2
Examiner
LEE, JAE W
Art Unit
1656
USPC
435/348
Abstract

The present disclosure provides engineered ketoreductase enzymes having improved properties as compared to a naturally occurring wild-type ketoreductase enzyme. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the engineered ketoreductase enzymes, host cells capable of expressing the engineered ketoreductase enzymes, and methods of using the engineered ketoreductase enzymes to synthesize a variety of chiral compounds.

Claims (72)

1. An engineered ketoreductase polypeptide having ketoreductase activity,

wherein said ketoreductase polypeptide is at least 85% identical to SEQ ID NO:4, and

wherein the ketoreductase polypeptide comprises the following fetures:

the resiude at the position corresponding to position 153 is alanine or serine,

the residue at position corresponding to position 202 is valine or leucine, and

wherein the residue at the position corresponding to position 94 is threonine.

2. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein said ketoreductase polypeptide further comprises at least one of the following features recited under [1] or [2]:

[1] the residue at the position corresponding to position 199 is a histidine, alanine, or asparagine; or

[2] the residue at the position corresponding to position 199 is an aliphatic, constrained or polar residue.

3. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the residue at the position corresponding to position 199 is alanine, histidine, or asparagine.

4. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the residue at the position corresponding to position 199 is an aliphatic, constrained or polar residue.

5. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the residue at the position corresponding to position 199 is alanine, histidine, or asparagine.

6. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of the following features:

the residue at the position corresponding to position 2 is a polar, non-polar, or aliphatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 4 is a basic residue or cysteine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 11 is a non-polar, aliphatic, or aromatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 80 is a non-polar, aliphatic, or polar residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 86 is a non-polar, aliphatic, or polar residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 96 is a polar, aromatic, non-polar, or aliphatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 105 is a non-polar, aliphatic, basic or acidic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 129 is a non-polar or polar residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 147 is an aromatic, non-polar or aliphatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 190 is an aromatic or constrained residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 195 is a non-polar or aliphatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 196 is a non-polar or aliphatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 206 is a non-polar or aromatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 248 is a non-polar or basic residue; and

the residue at the position corresponding to position 249 is an aromatic residue; and

wherein optionally the amino acid sequence has one or more residue differences at other amino acid residue positions as compared to SEQ ID NO:4.

7. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of the following features:

the residue at the position corresponding to position 2 is alanine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 4 is cysteine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 11 is phenylalanine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 80 is threonine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 86 is isoleucine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 96 is valine or phenylalanine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 105 is glycine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 129 is threonine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 147 is methionine or leucine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 190 is histidine or proline;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 195 is valine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 196 is leucine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 206 is phenylalanine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 248 is lysine, or arginine; and

the residue at the position corresponding to position 249 is tryptophan;

wherein optionally the amino acid sequence has one or more residue differences at other amino acid residue positions as compared to SEQ ID NO:4.

8. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising the feature that the residue corresponding to X147 is an aromatic, non-polar or aliphatic residue.

9. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of the following features:

the residue at the position corresponding to position 96 is a polar, aromatic, non-polar, or aliphatic;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 195 is a non-polar or aliphatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 196 is a non-polar or aliphatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 248 is a non-polar or basic residue; and

the residue at the position corresponding to position 249 is an aromatic residue.

10. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of the following features:

the residue at the position corresponding to position 2 is a polar, non-polar, or aliphatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 4 is a basic residue or cysteine;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 11 is a non-polar, aliphatic, or aromatic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 80 is a non-polar, aliphatic, or polar residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 86 is a non-polar, aliphatic, or polar residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 105 is a non-polar, aliphatic, basic or acidic residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 129 is a non-polar or polar residue;

the residue at the position corresponding to position 190 is an aromatic or constrained residue; and

the residue at the position corresponding to position 206 is a non-polar or aromatic residue.

11. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of the following features: the residue at the position corresponding to position 147 is an aromatic, non-polar or aliphatic residue; and wherein optionally the amino acid sequence has one or more residue differences at other amino acid residue positions as compared to SEQ ID NO:4.

12. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of the following features: the residue at the position corresponding to position 96 is a polar, aromatic, non-polar, or aliphatic residue; the residue at the position corresponding to position 147 is an aromatic, non-polar or aliphatic residue; and wherein optionally the amino acid sequence has one or more residue differences at other amino acid residue positions as compared to SEQ ID NO:4.

13. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of the following features:

residue at the position corresponding to position 96 is a polar, aromatic, non-polar, or aliphatic residue;

residue at the position corresponding to position 147 is an aromatic, non-polar or aliphatic;

residue at the position corresponding to position 195 is a non-polar or aliphatic residue;

residue at the position corresponding to position 196 is a non-polar or aliphatic residue; and

wherein optionally the amino acid sequence has one or more residue differences at other amino acid residue positions as compared to SEQ ID NO:4.

14. The engineered ketoreductase polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising the feature that the residue at the position corresponding to position 147 is methionine or leucine.

Assignments (1)
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Feb 15, 2024
From: CODEXIS, INC.
To: INNOVATUS LIFE SCIENCES LENDING FUND I, LP, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 066600/0650 →
Continuity (15)
Continuation 17357673 · Jun 24, 2021
Continuation 16790474 · Feb 13, 2020
Division 16404988 · May 7, 2019
Division 15631359 · Jun 23, 2017
Continuation 15408673 · Jan 18, 2017
Continuation 15272664 · Sep 22, 2016
Division 15175317 · Jun 7, 2016
Continuation 14822624 · Aug 10, 2015
Continuation 14658407 · Mar 16, 2015
Continuation 13925096 · Jun 24, 2013
Continuation 13569900 · Aug 8, 2012
Division 12977825 · Dec 23, 2010
Continuation 12243968 · Oct 1, 2008
Provisional Application 60976555 · Oct 1, 2007
Related Publication 20240141304A1 · May 2, 2024
References Cited (117)
US 4619924A · Hamanaka · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4981992A · Sayo et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5064761A · Schneider et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5200335A · Hummel et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5225339A · Wong et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5342767A · Wong et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5427933A · Chen et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5491077A · Chartrain et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5559030A · Matsuyama et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5700670A · Yamagishi et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5712388A · Matsumoto et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5891685A · Yamagishi et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6037158A · Hummel et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6117679A · Stemmer · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6225099B1 · Hummel et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6376246B1 · Crameri et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6399339B1 · Wolberg et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6413750B1 · Hummel et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6586182B1 · Patten et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6645746B1 · Kizaki et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6800477B2 · Patel et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 7083962B2 · Kimoto et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7820421B2 · Ching et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7883879B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7977078B2 · Liang et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8088610B2 · Liang et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8257952B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8470572B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8748143B2 · Liang et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8980606B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9133442B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9382519B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9476034B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9580694B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9719071B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10329540B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10597641B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 11078466B2 · Campopiano et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20020061564A1 · Rozzell · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030054520A1 · Bommanus et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030068811A1 · Patel et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040265978A1 · Gupta et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20060195947A1 · Davis et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060286646A1 · Patel et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20080220990A1 · Fox · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080248539A1 · Giver et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080318295A1 · Ching et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090093031A1 · Liang et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090312196A1 · Colbeck et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100062499A1 · Mundorff et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100151534A1 · Savile et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
EP 369691B1 · 1994 [cited by applicant]
EP 1176203A1 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
EP 1908845A1 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2001040450A1 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO 2002086126A2 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005017135A1 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005033094A2 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 005054491A1 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2007010944A1 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO 2007012428A1 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008042876A2 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008103248A1 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
Siloto et al. (Site saturation mutagenesis: Methods and applications in protein engineering, Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 1 (2012) 181-189) (Year: 2012). [cited by examiner]
Whistock et al., “Prediction of protein function from protein sequence,” Q. Rev. Biophysics., 2003, vol. 36 (3):307-340. [cited by applicant]
Witowski et al., “Conversion of b-ketoacyl synthase to a Malonyl Decarboxylase by replacement of the active cysteine with glutamine,” Biochemistry, 1999, vol. 38: 11643-11650. [cited by applicant]
GenBank Accession No. Q6WVP7 dated Apr. 22, 2003. [cited by applicant]
Amidjojo et al., 2005, “Asymmetric Synthesis of Tert-butyl (3R, 5S)6-chloro-dihydroxyhexanoate with Lactobacillus kefir,” Appl Microbiol Biotechnol., 69:9-15. [cited by applicant]
Baerga-Ortiz et al., 2006, “Directed Mutagenesis Alters the Stereochemistry of Catalysis by Isolated Ketoreductase Domains from the Erythromycin Polyketide Synthase,” Chem Biol., 13(3):277-85. [cited by applicant]
Bisel et al., 2007, “Stereochemical clarification of the enzyme-catalysed reduction of 2-acetylchromen-4-one,” Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 18(9):1142-1144. [cited by applicant]
Bradshaw et al., 1992, “Lactobacillus kefir Alcohol Dehydrogenase: A Useful Catalyst for Synthesis,” J. Org. Chem. 57(5):1532-1536. [cited by applicant]
Breyer-Pfaff et al., 1999, “High-affinity Stereoselective Reduction of the Enantiomers of Ketotifen and of Ketonic Nortriptyline Metabolites by Aldo-Keto Reductases from Human Liver,” Biochem. Pharmacol., 59:249-260. [cited by applicant]
Cha et al., 2002, “Stereochemical control in diastereoselective reduction of α-substituted-β-ketoesters using a reductase purified from Kluyveromyces marxianus,” Biotechnol. Lett , 24:1695-1698. [cited by applicant]
Database Epo Proteins, Apr. 2007, “Sequence 4 from Patent WO2007012428,” XP002488479, retrieved from EBI Accession No. EPOP:CS539287, Database Accession No. CS539287. [cited by applicant]
Daussmann et al., 2006, “Oxidoreductases and Hydroxynitrilase Lyases: Complementary Enzymatic Technologies for Chiral Alcohols,” Eng Life Sci., 6(2):125-129. [cited by applicant]
Fuganti et al., 1993, “Microbial Generation of (2R,3S)- and (2S,3S)-Ethyl 2-Benzamidomethyl-3-hydroxybutyrate, a Key Intermediate in the Synthesis of (3S, 1′R)-3-(1′-Hydroxyethyl)azetidin-2-one,” J Chem. Soc. Perkin Tra… [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. 1NXQ_A Feb. 11, 2003. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. AJ544275 Feb. 5, 2010. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. AAP94029 Apr. 1, 2004. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. AF160799 Dec. 9, 1999. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. BAA24528.1 Jan. 28, 1998. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. CAD66648 Feb. 17, 2003. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. JC7338 Jun. 3, 2002. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. NP010159.1 Jun. 16, 2008. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. P41747 May 5, 2009. [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. Q07551 Nov. 28, 2006. [cited by applicant]
Goldberg et al., 2007, “Biocatalytic ketone reduction—a powerful tool for the production of chiral alcohols—part I: processes with isolated enzymes,” Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 76(2):237-248. [cited by applicant]
Gröger et al., 2004, “Preparative asymmetric reduction of ketones in a biphasic medium with an (S)-alcohol dehydrogenase under in situ-cofactor-recycling with a formate dehydrogenase,” Tetrahedron 60:633-640. [cited by applicant]
Hönig et al., 1994, “Enzymatic Resolutions of Heterocyclic Alcohols,” Biocatalysis 9:61-69. [cited by applicant]
Hummel et al., 1989, “Dehydrogenases for the synthesis of chiral compounds,” Eur. J. Biochem. 184:1-13. [cited by applicant]
Hummel, 1990, “Reduction of acetophenone to R(+)-phenylethanol by a new alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus kefir,” Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 34(1): 15-19. [cited by applicant]
Hummel, 1999, “Large-scale applications of NAD(P)-dependent oxidoreductases: recent developments,” Trends Biotechnol. 17(12):487-492. [cited by applicant]
Jones et al., 1981, “Enzymes in organic syntheses. 19. Evaluation of the stereoselectivities of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase; catalyzed oxidoreductions of hydroxyy and ethothiolanes, thianes, and -thiepanes,” Can. … [cited by applicant]
Jörnvall et al., 1995, “Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductases (SDR),” Biochemistry 34(18):6003-6013. [cited by applicant]
Kallberg et al., 2002, “Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) relationships: A large family with eight clusters common to human, animal, and plant genomes,” Protein Sci. 11(3):636-641. [cited by applicant]
Kallberg et al., 2002, “Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) Coenzyme-based functional assignments in completed genomes,” Eur. J. Biochem. 269:4409-4417. [cited by applicant]
Kitamura et al.. , 1993, “Quantitative Expression of Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Chrially Labile Enantiomers: Stereoselective Hydrogenation of 2-Substituted 3-Oxo Carboxylic Esters Catalyzed by NINAP-Ruthenium (II) co… [cited by applicant]
Nakamura et al. 2003, “Recent developments in asymmetric reduction of ketones with biocatalysts,” Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 14: 2659-2681. [cited by applicant]
Niefind et al., 2003, “The Crystal Structure of R-specific Alcohol Dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus brevis Suggests the Structural Basis of its Metal Dependency,” J Mol Bio. 327(2):317-28. [cited by applicant]
Noyori et al., 1989, “Stereoselective Hydrogenation via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution,” J. Am.Chem. Soc. 111 (25):9134-9135. [cited by applicant]
PCT International Search Report from PCT/US2008/078046 dated Jan. 13, 2009. [cited by applicant]
PCT International Search Report from PCT/US2008/078513 dated Feb. 27, 2009. [cited by applicant]
Petrash et al., 2001, “Functional Genomic Studies of Aldo-keto Reductases,” Chem Biol Interact., 130-132 (1-3):673-83. [cited by applicant]
Rodrigues et al., 2004, “Recent Advances in the Biocatalytic Asymmetric Reduction of Acetophenones and α,β- Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds,” Food Technol. Biotechnol. 42 (4) 295-303. [cited by applicant]
Santaniello et al., 1984, “Chiral Synthesis of a Component of Amanita muscaria, (-)-4-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one, and Assessment of its Absolute Configuration,” J. Chem. Res., Synop., 132-133. [cited by applicant]
Schlieben et al., 2005, “Atomic Resolution Structures of R-specific Alcohol Dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus brevis Provide the Structural Bases of its Substrate and Cosubstrate Specificity,” J. Mol. Biol. 349(4):801-13. [cited by applicant]
Shimoda et al., 2006, “Diastereoselective reduction of β-keto carbonyl compounds by cultured plant cells,” Tetrahedron Lett. 47(10):1541-1544. [cited by applicant]
Temino et al., 2005, “Entrapment of the alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus kefir in polyvinyl alcohol for the synthesis of chiral hydrophobic alcohols in organic solvents,” Enzyme Microb. Technol., 36(1):3-9. [cited by applicant]
Weckbecker et al., 2006, “Cloning, expression, and characterization of an (R)-specific alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus kefir,” Biocatal. Biotransform., 24(5):380-389. [cited by applicant]
Wolberg et al., 2000, “Highly Regio- and Enantioselective Reduction of 3,5-Dioxocarboxylates,” Angew Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 39(23):4306-4308. [cited by applicant]
Wolberg, 2001, “Enzymatic Reduction of Hydrophobic beta, delta-Diketo Esters,” Synthesis 937-942. [cited by applicant]
Xie et al., 2006, “Asymmetric Reduction of o-Chloroacetophenone with Candida pseudotropicalis 104,” Biotechnol. Prog. 22:1301-1304. [cited by applicant]
Zhou et al., 1983, “Stereochemical Control of Yeast Reductions. 1. Asymmetric Synthesis of L-Carnitine,” J. Am. Chem., 105:5925-5926. [cited by applicant]
Zhu et al., 2005, “Evaluation of substituent effects on activity and enantioselectivity in the enzymatic reduction of aryl ketones,” Tetrahedron Asymm. 16:1541-1546. [cited by applicant]
Broun et al., “Catalytic plasticity of fatty acid modification enzymes underlying chemical diversity of plant lipids,” Science, 1998, vol. 282:1315-1317. [cited by applicant]
Devos et al., “Practical limits of function prediction,” Proteins:Structure, Function, and Genetics. 2000, vol. 41:98-107. [cited by applicant]
Seffernick et al., “Melamine deaminase and Atrazine chlorohydrolase: 98 percent identical but functionally different,” J. Bacteriol, 2001, vol. 183 (8): 2405-2410. [cited by applicant]