IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,476,455
Granted Patent B2
US 12,476,455 · App. 18/324,403 · Granted Nov 18, 2025

Bipolar photovoltaic system, power supply system, and redundancy protection method

Inventors: Zhiwu Xu (Shenzhen, CN); Hongmiao Fang (Shanghai, CN); Yanzhong Zhang (Shenzhen, CN); Changshuan Sun (Shanghai, CN); Tiansan Lin (Shenzhen, CN)
Assignee: Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd.
H02J1/082H02H3/05H02H3/202H02J2300/24
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,476,455
App. No.
18/324,403
Filed
May 26, 2023
Granted
Nov 18, 2025
Kind
B2
Art Unit
2838
USPC
363/74
Abstract

A power supply system including three output ends of a power converter respectively connected to a first end of a positive/negative direct current bus and a first end of a neutral bus; two input ends of a first inverter respectively connected to a second end of the positive direct current bus and a second end of the neutral bus; two input ends of a second inverter respectively connected to a second end of the neutral bus and a second end of the negative direct current bus; a controller outputs an overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the following conditions is met: a to-ground voltage of the positive/negative direct current bus or a to-ground voltage of the neutral bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.

Claims (79)

1 . A photovoltaic system comprising:

a power converter, wherein an input end of the power converter is configured to connect to a photovoltaic array, a first output end of the power converter is connected to a first end of a positive direct current bus, a second output end of the power converter is connected to a first end of a neutral bus, and a third output end of the power converter is connected to a first end of a negative direct current bus;

a first inverter, wherein a first input end of the first inverter is connected to a second end of the positive direct current bus, and a second input end of the first inverter is connected to a second end of the neutral bus;

a second inverter, wherein a first input end of the second inverter is connected to a second end of the neutral bus, and a second input end of the second inverter is connected to a second end of the negative direct current bus;

a first controller, wherein the first controller is configured to output a first overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the following conditions is met; and

a second controller, wherein

the second controller is configured to output a second overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the following conditions is met; and

the at least one condition comprises:

a to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus is greater than or equal to a preset threshold,

a to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, or

a to-ground voltage of the neutral bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold;

wherein the first controller is further configured to output a first heartbeat alarm signal when the second controller is abnormal; and

the second controller is further configured to output a second heartbeat alarm signal when the first controller is abnormal;

a logic circuit connected to the first controller and the second controller, wherein

the logic circuit is configured to block a driving pulse signal sent to the power converter when at least one of the following alarm signals is received; and

the at least one alarm signal comprises the first overvoltage alarm signal, the second overvoltage alarm signal, the first heartbeat alarm signal, or the second heartbeat alarm signal.

2 . The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 , wherein the first controller is further configured to output the first heartbeat alarm signal when receiving no heartbeat signal sent by the second controller; and

the second controller is further configured to output the second heartbeat alarm signal when receiving no heartbeat signal sent by the first controller.

3 . The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 , wherein the logic circuit is a complex programmable logic device CPLD; and the CPLD is further configured to:

perform a logical OR operation on the first overvoltage alarm signal, the second overvoltage alarm signal, the first heartbeat alarm signal, and the second heartbeat alarm signal; and

when a result of the logical OR operation is true, block the driving pulse signal sent to the power converter.

4 . The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 , wherein the logic circuit is a complex programmable logic device CPLD; and the CPLD is further configured to:

perform a logical AND operation on the first overvoltage alarm signal, the second overvoltage alarm signal, the first heartbeat alarm signal, and the second heartbeat alarm signal; and

when a result of the logical AND operation is false, block the driving pulse signal sent to the power converter.

5 . The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 , wherein the first controller is further configured to:

compare each of an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, and an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus with the preset threshold; and

output the first overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, or the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.

6 . The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 , wherein the first controller is further configured to:

obtain a largest value of an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, and an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus; and

output the first overvoltage alarm signal when the largest value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.

7 . The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 , wherein the second controller is further configured to:

compare each of an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, and an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus with the preset threshold; and

output the second overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, or the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.

8 . The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 , wherein the second controller is further configured to:

obtain a largest value of an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, and an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus; and

output the second overvoltage alarm signal when the largest value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.

9 . The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 , further comprising:

a voltage sampling circuit, wherein

the voltage sampling circuit is configured to collect a voltage between the positive direct current bus and the neutral bus, a voltage between the negative direct current bus and the neutral bus, and a to-ground voltage of the neutral bus; and

both the first controller and the second controller are further configured to:

obtain the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus based on the voltage between the positive direct current bus and the neutral bus and the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus; and

obtain the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus based on the voltage between the negative direct current bus and the neutral bus, and the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus.

10 . A power supply system, comprising: a first inverter, a second inverter, a first controller, and a second controller, wherein

a first end of a positive direct current bus is configured to connect to a first output end of a direct current power supply, a first end of a neutral bus is configured to connect to a second output end of the direct current power supply, and a first end of a negative direct current bus is configured to connect to a third output end of the direct current power supply;

a first input end of the first inverter is connected to a second end of the positive direct current bus, and a second input end of the first inverter is connected to a second end of the neutral bus;

a first input end of the second inverter is connected to a second end of the neutral bus, and a second input end of the second inverter is connected to a second end of the negative direct current bus;

the first controller is configured to output a first overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the following conditions is met;

the second controller is configured to output a second overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the following conditions is met; and

the at least one condition comprises: a to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, a to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, or a to-ground voltage of the neutral bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold;

wherein the first controller is further configured to output a first heartbeat alarm signal when detecting that the second controller is abnormal; and

the second controller is further configured to output a second heartbeat alarm signal when detecting that the first controller is abnormal;

a logic circuit connected to the first controller and the second controller, wherein

the logic circuit is configured to block a driving pulse signal sent to the power converter when at least one of the following alarm signals is received; and

the at least one alarm signal comprises the first overvoltage alarm signal, the second overvoltage alarm signal, the first heartbeat alarm signal, or the second heartbeat alarm signal.

11 . The power supply system according to claim 10 , wherein the direct current power source is obtained from any one of photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, or an energy storage battery.

12 . The power supply system according to claim 10 , wherein the first controller is further configured to:

when receiving no heartbeat signal sent by the second controller, detect that the second controller is abnormal; and

the second controller is further configured to:

when receiving no heartbeat signal sent by the first controller, detect that the first controller is abnormal.

13 . The power supply system according to claim 10 , wherein the first controller is further configured to:

obtain a largest value of an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, and an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus; and

output the first overvoltage alarm signal when the largest value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold; and

the second controller is further configured to:

obtain the largest value of the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, and the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus; and

output the second overvoltage alarm signal when the largest value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.

14 . The power supply system according to claim 10 , wherein the first controller is further configured to:

compare each of an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, and an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus with the preset threshold; and

output the first overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, or the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold; and

the second controller is further configured to:

compare each of an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, and an absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus with the preset threshold; and

output the second overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus, the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus, or the absolute value of the to-ground voltage of the neutral bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.

15 . A protection method for a bipolar photovoltaic system, wherein the bipolar photovoltaic system comprises: a first input end of a first inverter is connected to a second end of a positive direct current bus, and a second input end of the first inverter is connected to a second end of a neutral bus; a first input end of a second inverter is connected to the second end of the neutral bus, and a second input end of the second inverter is connected to a second end of a negative direct current bus;

monitoring a first overvoltage alarm signal output by a first controller and a second overvoltage alarm signal output by a second controller;

determining, based on the first overvoltage alarm signal or the second overvoltage alarm signal, whether a fault occurs in the bipolar photovoltaic system; and

outputting, by the first controller, the first overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the following conditions is met; and outputting, by the second controller, the second overvoltage alarm signal when at least one of the following conditions is met, wherein the at least one condition comprises: a to-ground voltage of the positive direct current bus is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, a to-ground voltage of the negative direct current bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, or a to-ground voltage of the neutral bus is greater than or equal to the preset threshold;

outputting, by the first controller, a first heartbeat alarm signal when the second controller is abnormal; and

outputting, by the second controller, a second heartbeat alarm signal when the first controller is abnormal;

blocking a driving pulse signal sent to the power converter when at least one of the following alarm signals is received, wherein

the at least one alarm signal comprises the first overvoltage alarm signal, the second overvoltage alarm signal, the first heartbeat alarm signal, or the second heartbeat alarm signal.