Vehicle electrical system and method for the operation thereof

1 . A vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle, the vehicle electrical system comprising:

a partitioned energy storage comprising a vehicle battery, the vehicle battery comprising at least two sub-batteries, wherein the vehicle battery comprises one or more battery contactors to be able to protect the vehicle battery from dangerous operating states;

at least one conventional supply terminal electrically coupled to the vehicle battery such that the vehicle battery to provide electrical energy at the at least one conventional supply terminal from more than one of the at least two sub-batteries;

a coupling device connected to the vehicle battery; and

at least a first and a second safety supply terminal decoupled from each other in terms of energy supply and connected to the coupling device, wherein the coupling device is configured to electrically couple the at least one first and second safety supply terminal each to one of the at least two sub-batteries based on a coupling state of the coupling device, wherein the coupling device is connected with the vehicle battery in uninterruptable manner.

2 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 1 , comprising a first connection switching element electrically coupled with the first or the second safety supply terminal or with the at least one conventional supply terminal, the first connection switching element configured to electrically couple the respective first or second safety supply terminal to the conventional supply terminal based on a switching state of the first connection switching element.

3 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 1 ,

wherein the coupling device comprises a power-distributing device electrically coupled with the at least two sub-batteries and which provides the at least one first and one second safety supply terminal as well as the at least one conventional supply terminal,

wherein the power-distributing device comprises:

a coupling apparatus to electrically couple the terminals as well as one source switching element for each of the at least two sub-batteries, which is configured to electrically couple the respective sub-battery with the coupling apparatus based on a switching state, and

a supply switching element for each of the at least two safety supply terminals, which is configured to electrically couple the respective safety supply terminal with the coupling apparatus depending on a switching state.

4 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 2 ,

wherein the coupling device comprises a power-distributing device electrically coupled with the at least two sub-batteries and which provides the at least one first and one second safety supply terminal as well as the at least one conventional supply terminal,

wherein the power-distributing device comprises:

a coupling apparatus to electrically couple the terminals as well as one source switching element for each of the at least two sub-batteries, which is configured to electrically couple the respective sub-battery with the coupling apparatus based on a switching state, and

a supply switching element for each of the at least two safety supply terminals, which is configured to electrically couple the respective safety supply terminal with the coupling apparatus depending on a switching state.

5 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 1 ,

comprising a second connection switching element electrically coupled with the first and the second safety supply terminal, which is configured to electrically couple the first and the second safety supply terminal based on a switching state of the second connection switching element.

6 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 2 ,

comprising a second connection switching element electrically coupled with the first and the second safety supply terminal, which is configured to electrically couple the first and the second safety supply terminal based on a switching state of the second connection switching element.

7 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 1 ,

wherein a supply terminal battery is connected with at least one of the at least two safety supply terminals.

8 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 1 ,

wherein the coupling device comprises at least one energy converter, which electrically couples at least one of the safety supply terminals with the sub-battery.

9 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 8 ,

wherein the at least one energy converter is separately electrically connected with at least two sub-batteries.

10 . A motor vehicle with a vehicle electrical system configured according to claim 1 .

11 . A motor vehicle with a vehicle electrical system configured according to claim 2 .

12 . A vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle, the vehicle electrical system comprising:

a partitioned energy storage comprising a vehicle battery comprising at least two sub-batteries, wherein the vehicle battery comprises one or more battery contactors to be able to protect the vehicle battery from dangerous operating states;

at least one conventional supply terminal electrically coupled with the vehicle battery such that the vehicle battery provides electrical energy at the at least one conventional supply terminal from more than one of the at least two sub-batteries; and

a coupling device connected with the vehicle battery as well as at least a first and a second safety supply terminal, which are decoupled from each other in terms of energy supply and are connected with the coupling device,

wherein the coupling device comprises a third connection switching element and is configured to electrically couple the one first or second safety supply terminal with one of the at least two sub-batteries based on a coupling state of the coupling device, and to electrically couple the respectively at least one other of the safety supply terminals with the conventional supply terminal via the third connection switching element based on a switching state of the third connection switching element, and

wherein the coupling device is connected with the vehicle battery in uninterruptable manner.

13 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 12 ,

wherein a supply terminal battery is connected with at least one of the at least two safety supply terminals.

14 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 12 ,

wherein the coupling device comprises at least one energy converter, which electrically couples at least one of the safety supply terminals with the sub-battery.

15 . The vehicle electrical system according to claim 14 ,

wherein the at least one energy converter is separately electrically connected with at least two sub-batteries.

16 . A motor vehicle with a vehicle electrical system configured according to claim 12 .

17 . A method for operating a vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle, comprising:

providing electrical energy from a partitioned energy storage comprising more than one of at least two sub-batteries of a vehicle battery of the vehicle electrical system at a conventional supply terminal of the vehicle electrical system electrically coupled with the vehicle battery, wherein the vehicle battery comprises one or more battery contactors to be able to protect the vehicle battery from dangerous operating states;

supplying at least a first and a second safety supply terminal of the vehicle electrical system with electrical energy via a coupling device of the vehicle electrical system connected with the vehicle battery, the first and second safety supply terminal decoupled from each other in terms of energy supply; and

electrically coupling, by the coupling device, the at least one first and second safety supply terminal each with one of the at least two sub-batteries based on a coupling state of the coupling device, wherein the coupling device is connected with the vehicle battery in uninterruptable manner.

18 . A method for operating a vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle, comprising:

providing electrical energy from a partitioned energy storage comprising more than one of at least two sub-batteries of a vehicle battery of the vehicle electrical system at a conventional supply terminal of the vehicle electrical system electrically coupled with the vehicle battery, wherein the vehicle battery comprises one or more battery contactors to be able to protect the vehicle battery from dangerous operating states;

supplying at least a first and a second safety supply terminal of the vehicle electrical system with electrical energy via a coupling device of the vehicle electrical system connected with the vehicle battery, the first and second safety supply terminal decoupled from each other in terms of energy supply;

electrically coupling, by the coupling device, the first or the second safety supply terminal to one of the at least two sub-batteries based on a coupling state of the coupling device; and

electrically coupling, by the coupling device, the respectively at least one other of the safety supply terminals with the conventional supply terminal via a third connection switching element of the coupling device based on a switching state of the third connection switching element, wherein the coupling device is connected with the vehicle battery in uninterruptable manner.