Pepper spray dispensing systems and devices and methods of use
View Patent ↗Dispensing systems, dispensers, and methods for dispensing a pepper spray or other irritant from a container. Such dispensers include a cap, a nozzle within the cap so as to be translatable relative to the cap, an actuator within the cap so as to be translatable relative to the cap and relative to the nozzle, and a biasing member that urges the actuator and nozzle apart. The nozzle is configured to attach to a valve stem of a canister and has a passageway through which the pepper spray is dispersed. The dispenser has a partially actuated position following a first actuation stage resulting from the actuator being translated until the actuator abuts the nozzle without causing the nozzle to translate, and a fully actuated position following a second actuation stage resulting from the actuator being further translated to cause the nozzle to simultaneously translate with the actuator.
1 . A pepper spray dispenser comprising:
a cap configured to attach to a canister that contains a pressurized pepper spray;
a nozzle disposed within the cap so as to be translatable relative to the cap, the nozzle being configured to attach to a valve stem of the canister, the nozzle comprising a passageway through which the pressurized pepper spray is able to pass from the container and be dispersed by the nozzle;
an actuator disposed in the cap so as to be translatable relative to the cap and relative to the nozzle;
a biasing member operatively interposed between the actuator and the nozzle and generating a biasing force that urges the actuator and the nozzle apart from each other and urges the actuator toward an unactuated position of the pepper spray dispenser;
wherein the pepper spray dispenser has a partially actuated position and a fully actuated position, the partially actuated position follows a first actuation stage resulting from the actuator being translated toward the valve stem of the canister until the actuator abuts the nozzle without causing the nozzle to translate and therefore without causing the valve stem to translate, and the fully actuated position follows a second actuation stage resulting from the actuator being further translated toward the valve stem to cause the nozzle to simultaneously translate with the actuator and therefore also cause the valve stem to translate and release the pressurized pepper spray through the passageway within the nozzle;
wherein the biasing force generated by the biasing member increases during the first actuation stage and does not increase during the second actuation stage;
wherein during the first actuation stage a distal end of the biasing member slides along a bearing surface of the nozzle; and
wherein the bearing surface comprises a detent that the biasing member surmounts during the first actuation stage, the detent causing an abrupt but transitory increase in the biasing force during the first actuation stage.
2 . A pepper spray dispenser comprising:
a cap configured to attach to a canister that contains a pressurized pepper spray;
a nozzle disposed within the cap so as to be translatable relative to the cap, the nozzle being configured to attach to a valve stem of the canister, the nozzle comprising a passageway through which the pressurized pepper spray is able to pass from the container and be dispersed by the nozzle;
an actuator disposed in the cap so as to be translatable relative to the cap and relative to the nozzle;
a biasing member operatively interposed between the actuator and the nozzle and generating a biasing force that urges the actuator and the nozzle apart from each other and urges the actuator toward an unactuated position of the pepper spray dispenser;
wherein the pepper spray dispenser has a partially actuated position and a fully actuated position, the partially actuated position follows a first actuation stage resulting from the actuator being translated toward the valve stem of the canister until the actuator abuts the nozzle without causing the nozzle to translate and therefore without causing the valve stem to translate, and the fully actuated position follows a second actuation stage resulting from the actuator being further translated toward the valve stem to cause the nozzle to simultaneously translate with the actuator and therefore also cause the valve stem to translate and release the pressurized pepper spray through the passageway within the nozzle;
wherein the biasing force generated by the biasing member increases during the first actuation stage and does not increase during the second actuation stage;
wherein during the first actuation stage a distal end of the biasing member slides along a bearing surface of the nozzle;
wherein the bearing surface comprises a detent that the biasing member surmounts during the first actuation stage, the detent causing an abrupt but transitory increase in the biasing force during the first actuation stage; and
wherein the biasing member bears against the bearing surface of the nozzle that causes the biasing member to be flexed and pivoted in the unactuated position of the pepper spray dispenser.
3 . A pepper spray dispenser comprising:
a cap configured to attach to a canister that contains a pressurized pepper spray;
a nozzle disposed within the cap so as to be translatable relative to the cap, the nozzle being configured to attach to a valve stem of the canister, the nozzle comprising a passageway through which the pressurized pepper spray is able to pass from the container and be dispersed by the nozzle;
an actuator disposed in the cap so as to be translatable relative to the cap and relative to the nozzle;
a biasing member operatively interposed between the actuator and the nozzle and generating a biasing force that urges the actuator and the nozzle apart from each other and urges the actuator toward an unactuated position of the pepper spray dispenser;
wherein the pepper spray dispenser has a partially actuated position and a fully actuated position, the partially actuated position follows a first actuation stage resulting from the actuator being translated toward the valve stem of the canister until the actuator abuts the nozzle without causing the nozzle to translate and therefore without causing the valve stem to translate, and the fully actuated position follows a second actuation stage resulting from the actuator being further translated toward the valve stem to cause the nozzle to simultaneously translate with the actuator and therefore also cause the valve stem to translate and release the pressurized pepper spray through the passageway within the nozzle;
wherein the biasing force generated by the biasing member increases during the first actuation stage and does not increase during the second actuation stage;
wherein during the first actuation stage a distal end of the biasing member slides along a bearing surface of the nozzle;
wherein the bearing surface comprises a detent that the biasing member surmounts during the first actuation stage, the detent causing an abrupt but transitory increase in the biasing force during the first actuation stage; and
wherein translating of the actuator during the first actuation stage causes the biasing member to flex and pivot.
4 . The pepper spray dispenser of claim 1 , wherein in the unactuated position the biasing member is sufficiently stiff to maintain the actuator in the unactuated position but is not sufficiently stiff to be capable alone of forcing the nozzle to actuate the valve stem.
5 . The pepper spray dispenser of claim 1 , wherein the actuator and the nozzle comprise complementary surfaces that engage each other following the first actuator stage to prevent the actuator from translating relative to the nozzle.
6 . The pepper spray dispenser of claim 1 , wherein the actuator comprises a tab having a projection that engages a window in the nozzle to retain the actuator on the nozzle.
7 . The pepper spray dispenser of claim 1 , wherein the nozzle has an internal passageway through which the pressurized pepper spray flows and is dispensed from the nozzle, the passageway comprising and fluidically connecting an inlet orifice and an outlet orifice of the nozzle, the inlet orifice being adapted to physically and fluidically couple to the valve stem, the outlet orifice being aligned with a window of the cap.
8 . The pepper spray dispenser of claim 7 , wherein the nozzle comprises a tab that projects outwardly from the nozzle into a complementary retention groove of the cap to retain the nozzle within the cap and maintain rotational alignment of the outlet orifice of the nozzle with the window of the cap.
9 . The pepper spray dispenser of claim 1 , wherein the biasing member comprises a flexible lever.
10 . The pepper spray dispenser of claim 1 , wherein the biasing member consists of a flexible lever.
11 . A pepper spray dispensing system comprising the pepper spray dispenser of claim 1 , the pepper spray dispensing system further comprising the canister, the cap being attached to the canister, and the nozzle being attached to the valve stem of the canister.
12 . A method of dispensing a pressurized pepper spray from the canister with the pepper spray dispensing system of claim 11 , the method comprising:
pressing the actuator a first distance toward the nozzle during the first actuation stage to resiliently engage the biasing member without translating the nozzle; and
further pressing the actuator an additional distance toward the nozzle during the second actuation stage to translate the nozzle and cause the valve stem to release the pressurized pepper spray.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein a greater force is required to press the actuator during the second actuation stage than is required to press the actuator during the first actuation stage.