System and methods for well head installation

1 . A system, comprising:

a casing hanger;

a wellhead housing, comprising:

a landing shoulder configured to contact the casing hanger during installation of the casing hanger in a wellhead;

a transducer disposed on an exterior of the wellhead housing, the transducer being configured to emit an input pulse toward the landing shoulder;

an ultrasonic transmitter coupled to the transducer, the ultrasonic transmitter being configured to detect the input pulse and one or more echo pulses associated with the input pulse; and

one or more sensors configured to receive the one or more echo pulses as the one or more echo pulses reverberate back in a direction from which the input pulse originated, the ultrasonic transmitter transmitting a signal indicative of the one or more echo pulses detected by the one or more sensors to a machine-learning model to perform binary classification to determine whether the casing hanger is fully landed, the machine-learning model being trained using data collected through a finite element method-based simulation model, the finite element method-based simulation model being configured to simulate ultrasonic test processes and utilize a simplified 2D axisymmetric model of a cylindrical structure to reduce computational time; and

a controller configured to:

control the transducer to emit the input pulse;

monitor sensor feedback from the one or more sensors;

control the ultrasonic transmitter to transmit the signal to the machine-learning model; and

analyze the sensor feedback from the one or more sensors using a binary classification neural network.

2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the input pulse and the one or more echo pulses are configured to be analyzed to determine whether the casing hanger has landed on the landing shoulder of the wellhead housing.

3 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the input pulse and the one or more echo pulses are configured to be analyzed by a binary classification neural network.

4 . The system of claim 3 , wherein, if the casing hanger has not landed on the landing shoulder of the wellhead housing:

the transducer is further configured to emit a second input pulse; and

the ultrasonic transmitter is further configured to detect the second input pulse and a second one or more echo pulses associated with the second input pulse.

5 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasonic transmitter has a frequency range of 0.5 to 2 Mhz.

6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein a wellhead installation is successful when a level of contact between the wellhead housing and the casing hanger at the landing shoulder is greater than 70%.

7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein:

the finite element method-based simulation model comprises model components for the wellhead housing, the casing hanger, and fluid inside the wellhead;

the finite element method-based simulation model is configured to model at least parts of the wellhead housing and the casing hanger as stainless steel; and

the finite element method-based simulation model is further configured to model the fluid inside the wellhead as water.

8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the machine-learning model is configured to model water in the wellhead using an acoustic element for wave propagation.

9 . The system of claim 1 , wherein a packoff is coupled to or located within the casing hanger and is expanded during installation to create a seal against the casing hanger and/or the wellhead housing.

10 . A method, comprising:

inserting a casing hanger into a wellhead housing of a wellhead, the casing hanger being configured to land on a landing shoulder of the wellhead housing;

emitting input ultrasonic pulses from a transducer of the wellhead housing, the ultrasonic pulses reflecting off one or more internal surfaces of the wellhead housing;

detecting the reflected ultrasonic pulses via an ultrasonic transmitter of the wellhead housing;

receiving, via one or more sensors, the reflected ultrasonic pulses as the reflected ultrasonic pulses reverberate back in a direction from which the input ultrasonic pulses originated, the ultrasonic transmitter transmitting a signal indicative of the reflected ultrasonic pulses detected by the one or more sensors to a machine-learning model to perform binary classification to determine whether the casing hanger is fully landed, the machine-learning model being trained using data collected through a finite element method-based simulation model, the finite element method-based simulation model being configured to simulate ultrasonic test processes and utilize a simplified 2D axisymmetric model of a cylindrical structure to reduce computational time;

recording the reflected ultrasonic pulses; and

determining whether the hanger has landed on the landing shoulder by analyzing the reflected ultrasonic pulses using a binary classification neural network.

11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the ultrasonic transmitter has a frequency range of 0.5 to 2 Mhz.

12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the binary classification neural network is trained using a machine learning algorithm.

13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the machine learning algorithm is configured to analyze the reflected ultrasonic pulses recorded to differentiate landings of one or more components of the wellhead, the one or more components of the wellhead including at least the casing hanger.

14 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the input ultrasonic pulses and the reflected ultrasonic pulses are indicative of a landing status.

15 . A system for wellhead installation, the system comprising:

one or more processors;

memory accessible to the one or more processors; and

processor-executable instructions stored in the memory and executable by the one or more processors to instruct the system to:

emit input ultrasonic pulses from a transducer of a wellhead housing, the wellhead housing being configured to provide a landing shoulder for a casing hanger to contact upon installation, the transducer being configured to emit an input pulse, among the input ultrasonic pulses, toward the landing shoulder, an ultrasonic transmitter disposed on the wellhead housing being configured to:

detect the input pulse and one or more echo pulses associated with the input pulse;

reflect the input ultrasonic pulses off internal components of the wellhead housing;

detect the reflected ultrasonic pulses via the ultrasonic transmitter of the wellhead housing;

record the reflected ultrasonic pulses; and

determine whether the hanger has landed on the landing shoulder by analyzing the reflected ultrasonic pulses using a binary classification neural network,

wherein the one or more echo pulses are received via one or more sensors as the one or more echo pulses reverberate back in a direction from which the input pulse originated, the ultrasonic transmitter transmitting a signal indicative of the one or more echo pulses detected by the one or more sensors to a machine-learning model to perform binary classification to determine whether the casing hanger is fully landed, the machine-learning model being trained using data collected through a finite element method-based simulation model, the finite element method-based simulation model being configured to simulate ultrasonic test processes and utilize a simplified 2D axisymmetric model of a cylindrical structure to reduce computational time, and

wherein the processor-executable instructions further instruct the system to:

control the transducer to emit the input pulse,

monitor sensor feedback from the one or more sensors,

control the ultrasonic transmitter to transmit the signal to the machine-learning model, and

analyze the sensor feedback from the one or more sensors using a binary classification neural network.

16 . The system of claim 15 , wherein the ultrasonic transmitter has a frequency range of 0.5 to 2 Mhz.

17 . The system of claim 15 , wherein the binary classification neural network is trained using a machine learning algorithm.

18 . The system of claim 17 , wherein the machine learning algorithm is configured to differentiate landings of one or more components of the wellhead based on the reflected ultrasonic pulses recorded.

19 . The system of claim 15 , wherein the input ultrasonic pulses and the reflected ultrasonic pulses are indicative of a landing status.

20 . The system of claim 19 , wherein:

the transducer is further configured to emit a second input pulse; and

the ultrasonic transmitter is further configured to detect the second input pulse and a second one or more echo pulses associated with the second input pulse if the casing hanger has not landed on the landing shoulder of the wellhead housing.