Apparatus and method for estimating body temperature
An apparatus for estimating body temperature of an object may include: a heating element; a first temperature sensor configured to measure temperature of the heating element; a second temperature sensor disposed at a position spaced apart from the first temperature sensor and configured to measure surface temperature of an object upon contact with the object; and a processor configured to estimate core temperature using a heat flux based on the temperature of the heating element and the surface temperature of the object, and to estimate body temperature of the object by correcting the core temperature, estimated using the heat flux, based on external temperature.
1 . An apparatus for estimating a body temperature, the apparatus comprising:
a heating element;
a first temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the heating element;
a second temperature sensor configured to measure a surface temperature of an object at a surface of the object when the second temperature sensor is in contact with the object;
a third temperature sensor configured to measure an external temperature external to the apparatus; and
a processor configured to:
control the heating element to generate a heat flux from the heating element to the surface of the object by a difference between the temperature of the heating element and the surface temperature of the object;
estimate a core temperature of the object based on the heat flux reaching zero; and
estimate the body temperature of the object by multiplying a predetermined correction coefficient to the external temperature to obtain a corrected external temperature, and adding the corrected external temperature with the estimated core temperature,
wherein the estimated body temperature satisfies:
Tc
=
(
Tzhf
+
A
×
Ta
)
/
(
1
+
A
)
,
where Tc is the estimated body temperature, Tzhf is the estimated core temperature, A is the predetermined correction coefficient, and Ta is the external temperature, and
wherein the first temperature sensor is disposed between the heating element and the second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor being on a bottom surface of the heating element.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein in response to a user's request for estimating the body temperature, the processor is further configured to change the temperature of the heating element by turning on the heating element.
3 . The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the processor is further configured to estimate the core temperature in a state in which the surface temperature of the object becomes equal to the temperature of the heating element.
4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a communication interface configured to receive the external temperature from an external temperature measuring device.
5 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a display configured to display a user interface to receive the external temperature from a user.
6 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the heating element are arranged in a single line.
7 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating element comprises at least one of a heater, a battery included in the apparatus, and a light emitting diode (LED).
8 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is a smart watch, and further comprises a main body, and a strap connected to the main body, and
wherein the second temperature sensor is disposed on a rear surface of the main body to be contacted by a wrist when the second temperature sensor is turned on to measure a skin temperature of the wrist as the surface temperature of the object.
9 . The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor is disposed in a thickness direction of the main body.
10 . A method of estimating body temperature by an apparatus, the method comprising:
measuring a temperature of a heating element by using a first temperature sensor;
measuring a surface temperature of an object at a surface of the object by using a second temperature sensor when the second temperature sensor is in contact with the object;
measuring an external temperature by using a third temperature sensor external to the apparatus;
controlling the heating element to generate a heat flux from the heating element to the surface of the object by a difference between the temperature of the heating element and the surface temperature of the object;
estimating a core temperature of the object based on the heat flux reaching zero; and
estimating a body temperature of the object by multiplying a predetermined correction coefficient to the external temperature to obtain a corrected external temperature, and adding the corrected external temperature with the estimated core temperature,
wherein the estimated body temperature satisfies:
Tc
=
(
Tzhf
+
A
×
Ta
)
/
(
1
+
A
)
,
where Tc is the estimated body temperature, Tzhf is the estimated core temperature, A is the predetermined correction coefficient, and Ta is the external temperature, and
wherein the first temperature sensor is disposed between the heating element and the second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor being on a bottom surface of the heating element.
11 . The method of claim 10 , further comprising, in response to a user's request for estimating the body temperature, changing the temperature of the heating element by turning on the heating element.
12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the estimating of the core temperature using the heat flux comprises estimating the core temperature in a state in which the surface temperature of the object becomes equal to the temperature of the heating element.
13 . A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions, when executed by at least one processor, to perform a method for estimating body temperature, the method comprising:
measuring a temperature of a heating element by using a first temperature sensor;
measuring a surface temperature of an object at a surface of the object by using a second temperature sensor when the second temperature sensor is in contact with the object;
measuring an external temperature by using a third temperature sensor external to the heating element;
controlling the heating element to generate a heat flux from the heating element to the surface of the object by a difference between the temperature of the heating element and the surface temperature of the object;
estimating a core temperature of the object based on the heat flux reaching zero; and
estimating a body temperature of the object by multiplying a predetermined correction coefficient to the external temperature to obtain a corrected external temperature, and adding the corrected external temperature with the estimated core temperature,
wherein the estimated body temperature satisfies:
Tc
=
(
Tzhf
+
A
×
Ta
)
/
(
1
+
A
)
,
where Tc is the estimated body temperature, Tzhf is the estimated core temperature, A is the predetermined correction coefficient, and Ta is the external temperature, and
wherein the first temperature sensor is disposed between the heating element and the second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor being on a bottom surface of the heating element.
14 . The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 13 , wherein further comprising, in response to a user's request for estimating the body temperature, changing the temperature of the heating element by turning on the heating element.
15 . The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 13 , wherein the estimating of the core temperature using the heat flux comprises estimating the core temperature in a state in which the surface temperature of the object becomes equal to the temperature of the heating element.