Capture construct and method for detecting a plurality of analytes

1 . A capture construct for capturing a plurality of analytes of a biological sample, the capture construct comprising:

a nanostructure backbone,

at least a first orientation indicator and a second orientation indicator, wherein the first orientation indicator and the second orientation indicator are spaced apart from each other, or arranged on opposite ends of the nanostructure backbone,

at least a first plurality of capture regions on the nanostructure backbone, each capture region comprising at least one affinity capture reagent, configured to capture one of the plurality of analytes, and

at least one first affinity reporter reagent comprising a first reporter tag and configured to attach to an analyte of the plurality of analytes, wherein the first reporter tag is optically readable, to determine whether or not the respective analyte is captured by the at least one affinity capture reagent.

2 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the nanostructure backbone comprises nucleic acids.

3 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one affinity capture reagent comprises an antibody, an antibody fragment, an oligonucleotide, an aptamer, a peptide, a drug, and/or a toxin, or a combination thereof.

4 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one first affinity reporter reagent includes a first plurality of affinity reporter reagents, each affinity reporter reagent comprising the first reporter tag.

5 . The capture construct according to claim 4 , wherein each affinity reporter reagent comprises an antibody, an antibody fragment, an oligonucleotide, an aptamer, a peptide, a drug, and/or a toxin, or a combination thereof.

6 . The capture construct according to claim 4 , wherein the first reporter tag comprises an oligonucleotide and is readable by sequencing.

7 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one affinity capture reagent is bound to the nanostructure backbone, or

wherein the at least one affinity capture reagent of a particular capture region of the first plurality of capture regions comprises an oligonucleotide, and the particular capture region comprises a complementary oligonucleotide to bind to the oligonucleotide of the at least one affinity capture reagent.

8 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the nanostructure backbone comprises at least a second plurality of capture regions, each capture region of the second plurality of capture regions comprising at least one affinity capture reagent configured to capture one of the plurality of analytes.

9 . The capture construct according to claim 8 , further comprising a second plurality of affinity reporter reagents , each affinity reporter reagent of the second plurality of affinity reporter reagents comprising a second reporter tag and configured to attach to a respective analyte of the plurality of analytes, wherein the second reporter tag is readable, to determine whether or not the respective analyte is captured by the respective affinity capture reagent.

10 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the nanostructure backbone extends linearly in one dimension.

11 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the nanostructure backbone extends in two dimensions or three dimensions, and the nanostructure backbone comprises at least a third orientation indicator.

12 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein a largest spatial extent of the nanostructure backbone is in a range from 1 nm to 10000 nm.

13 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the capture regions of the first plurality of capture regions are spaced apart from each other in a range from 1 nm to 2000 nm.

14 . The capture construct according to claim 8 , wherein the capture regions of the first plurality of capture regions are spaced apart from the capture regions of the second plurality of capture regions in a range from 0.1 nm to 500 nm.

15 . The capture construct according to claim 4 , wherein the first reporter tags comprise fluorophores with differing excitation wavelengths, differing fluorescence emission wavelengths, and/or differing fluorescence lifetime characteristics.

16 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the affinity capture reagent of at least one of the first plurality of capture regions is configured to bind a respective analyte of the plurality of analytes at a single binding site of the respective analyte.

17 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein at least one capture region of the first plurality of capture regions comprises a first set of affinity capture reagents and a second set of affinity capture reagents, and wherein the first set of affinity capture reagents is configured to bind one analyte of the plurality of analytes at a first binding site of the one analyte and the second set of affinity capture reagents is configured to bind the one analyte of the plurality of analytes at a second binding site of the one analyte.

18 . The capture construct according to claim 17 , wherein the first set of affinity capture reagents comprises first capture reagent dyes, and the second set of affinity capture reagents comprises second capture reagent dyes, wherein the first capture reagent dyes and the second capture reagent dyes are fluorophores.

19 . The capture construct according to claim 18 , wherein the first capture reagent dyes and the second capture reagent dyes are configured to be brought into a proximity when the one analyte is captured by one of the affinity capture reagents of the first set of affinity capture reagents and by one of the affinity capture reagents of the second set of affinity capture reagents, and wherein the proximity enables an energy transfer between the first capture reagent dyes and the second capture reagent dyes.

20 . The capture construct according to claim 1 , wherein the capture construct and the biological sample are embedded in or attached to a polymeric compound.

21 . A method for detecting a plurality of analytes of a biological sample, the method comprising the following steps:

incubation of the biological sample in a presence of at least one capture construct according to claim 1 ,

acquiring a read-out of at least the one capture construct, and

determining whether or not a respective analyte is captured by the respective affinity capture reagent.