AC switch with supply regulation
An ac switch configured to couple and decouple an ac input to a load, the ac switch comprising a first transistor, a second transistor, and a switch controller configured to control the turn ON and turn OFF of the first transistor and the second transistor in response to a request signal. The ac switch comprises an off-state regulator to provide supply regulation to the switch controller in response to the request signal indicating to decouple the ac input to the load and an on-state regulator to provide supply regulation to the switch controller in response to the request signal indicating to couple the ac input to the load. The off-state regulator is configured to provide supply regulation for the switch controller at an extremum of the ac input and the on-state regulator is configured to provide supply regulation for the switch controller at a zero-crossing of the ac input.
1 . An ac switch configured to couple and decouple an ac input to a load, the ac switch comprising:
a first transistor;
a second transistor coupled to the first transistor;
a switch controller configured to control the turn ON and turn OFF the first transistor and the second transistor in response to a request signal, wherein the request signal is representative of a request for the ac switch to couple or decouple the ac input to the load;
an off-state regulator coupled to provide a supply regulation to the switch controller in response to the request signal indicating to decouple the ac input to the load, wherein the off-state regulator is configured to provide the supply regulation for the switch controller at an extremum of the ac input; and
an on-state regulator coupled to provide the supply regulation to the switch controller in response to the request signal indicating to couple the ac input to the load, wherein the on-state regulator is configured to provide the supply regulation for the switch controller at a zero-crossing of the ac input.
2 . The ac switch of claim 1 , wherein the off-state regulator provides operational power for the switch controller during the extremum of the ac input.
3 . The ac switch of claim 1 , the off-state regulator further comprising:
a first diode configured to receive and rectify the ac input;
a second diode coupled to the first diode and configured to rectify the ac input; a capacitance element coupled to the first diode and the second diode, wherein a capacitance voltage of the capacitance element is responsive to the ac input; and
a step down converter coupled to the capacitance element and configured to receive the capacitance voltage, the step down converter is further configured to provide a regulation signal from the capacitance voltage, wherein the regulation signal is less than the capacitance voltage.
4 . The ac switch of claim 3 , wherein a value of the capacitance element is large enough such that the capacitance voltage is substantially equal to a peak of the ac input.
5 . The ac switch of claim 3 , the off-state regulator further comprising:
an extremum sense coupled to receive the ac input and configured to sense the extremum of the ac input, wherein the extremum sense outputs an extremum signal representative of the extremum of the ac input;
a converter control coupled to receive the extremum signal and configured to output a control signal to activate the step down converter, wherein the step down converter is activated during the extremum of the ac input.
6 . The ac switch of claim 5 , wherein a value of the capacitance element is small enough such that the capacitance voltage substantially follows a rectified ac input voltage Vac of the ac input.
7 . The ac switch of claim 1 , wherein the on-state regulator provides operational power for the switch controller during the zero-crossing of the ac input.
8 . The ac switch of claim 1 , the on-state regulator comprising:
a first switch configured to receive a first portion of current from the ac input;
a second switch configured to receive a second portion of current from the ac input; and
a control circuit configured to control the turn ON and turn OFF of the first switch and the second switch, wherein the first switch is turned ON during a negative to positive zero-crossing of the ac input and the second switch is turned ON during a positive to negative zero-crossing of the ac input.
9 . The ac switch of claim 8 , wherein the first transistor and the second transistor are turned OFF during the negative to positive zero-crossing of the ac input and the positive to negative zero-crossing of the ac input.
10 . The ac switch of claim 8 , the on-state regulator further comprising:
a synchronization circuit configured to receive the ac input and coupled to provide a synchronization signal representative of timing between zero-crossings of the ac input, wherein the control circuit is configured to control the turn ON and turn OFF of the first switch and the second switch in response to the synchronization signal.
11 . The ac switch of claim 8 , wherein
the first switch is coupled to a first current source, wherein the first current source determines the first portion of current from the ac input; and
the second switch is coupled to a second current source, wherein the second current source determines the second a second portion of current from the ac input.
12 . A method for providing a supply regulation for an ac switch configured to couple and decouple an ac input to a load, the method comprising:
receiving a request to couple or decouple the ac input to the load;
in response to the request to decouple the ac input from the load, enabling an off-state regulator, wherein enabling the off-state regulator further comprises activating a step down converter during an extremum of the ac input; and
in response to the request to couple the ac input to the load, enabling an on state regulator, wherein enabling the on-state regulator further comprises controlling, via a control circuit of the on state regulator, a turn ON of either of a first switch and a second switch during a zero-crossing of the ac input.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein activating the step down converter during the extremum of the ac input further comprises:
rectifying the ac input; and
providing the supply regulation from the rectified ac input.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein activating the step down converter during the extremum of the ac input further comprises sensing the extremum of the ac input.
15 . The method of claim 12 , wherein controlling the turn ON of the first switch and the second switch during the zero-crossing of the ac input, further comprises:
sensing the zero-crossing of the ac input;
timing the duration between the zero-crossing and a next zero-crossing of the ac input;
outputting a control signal to turn ON the first switch and the second switch in response to timing the duration between the zero-crossing and a next zero-crossing of the ac input.
16 . An ac switch configured to couple and decouple an ac input voltage to a load, the ac switch comprising:
a first transistor;
a second transistor coupled to the first transistor;
a switch controller configured to control the turn ON and turn OFF of the first transistor and the second transistor in response to a request signal, wherein the request signal is representative of a request for the ac switch to couple or decouple the ac input voltage to the load;
an off-state regulator configured to regulate the switch controller in response to the request signal indicating to decouple the ac input voltage to the load, wherein the off-state regulator is configured to regulate a supply voltage for the switch controller during an extremum of the ac input voltage; and
an on-state regulator configured to regulate the switch controller in response to the request signal indicating to couple the ac input to the load, wherein the on-state regulator is configured to regulate the supply voltage for the switch controller during a zero-crossing of the ac input voltage.
17 . The ac switch of claim 16 , the off-state regulator further comprising:
a first diode configured to receive and rectify the ac input voltage;
a second diode coupled to the first diode and configured to rectify the ac input voltage;
a capacitance element coupled to the first diode and the second diode, wherein a capacitance voltage of the capacitance element is responsive to the ac input voltage; and
a step down converter coupled to the capacitance element and configured to receive the capacitance voltage, the step down converter is further configured to regulate the supply voltage from the capacitance voltage, wherein the supply voltage is less than the capacitance voltage.
18 . The ac switch of claim 16 , wherein a value of the capacitance element is large enough such that the capacitance voltage is substantially equal to a peak of the ac input voltage.
19 . The ac switch of claim 16 , the off-state regulator further comprising: an extremum sense configured to receive the ac input voltage and sense the
extremum of the ac input voltage and output an extremum signal representative of the extremum; and
a converter control coupled to receive the extremum signal and configured to output a control signal to activate the step down converter, wherein the step down converter is activated during the extremum of the ac input.
20 . The ac switch of claim 19 , wherein a value of the capacitance element is small enough such that the capacitance voltage substantially follows a rectified ac input voltage Vac of the ac input.
21 . The ac switch of claim 16 , the on-state regulator comprising:
a first switch configured to receive a first portion of current from the ac input voltage;
a second switch configured to receive a second portion of current from the ac input voltage; and
a control circuit configured to control the turn ON and turn OFF of the first switch and the second switch, wherein the first switch is turned ON during a negative to positive zero-crossing of the ac input voltage and the second switch is turned ON during a positive to negative zero-crossing of the ac input voltage.
22 . The ac switch of claim 21 , wherein the first transistor and the second transistor are turned OFF during the negative to positive zero-crossing of the ac input voltage and the positive to negative zero-crossing of the ac input voltage.
23 . The ac switch of claim 21 , the on-state regulator further comprising:
a synchronization circuit configured to receive the ac input voltage and provide a synchronization signal representative of timing between zero-crossings of the ac input voltage, wherein
the control circuit is configured to control the turn ON and turn OFF of the first switch and the second switch in response to the synchronization signal.
24 . The ac switch of claim 21 , wherein
the first switch is coupled to a first current source, wherein the first current source determines the first portion of current from the ac input voltage; and
the second switch is coupled to a second current source, wherein the second current source determines the second a second portion of current from the ac input voltage.