Neutron generation using pyroelectric crystals
A method for producing a neutrons includes triggering a raising or a lowering of a temperature of a pyroelectric crystal of less than about 40° C. to produce a voltage of negative polarity of at least −100 keV on a surface of a deuterated or tritiated target coupled thereto. A deuterium ion source is pulsed to produce a deuterium ion beam. The accelerating of the deuterium ion beam is achieved by accelerating voltage of the pyroelectric crystal toward the deuterated or tritiated target to produce neutrons. Furthermore, the pyroelectric crystal, the deuterated or tritiated target, and the deuterium ion source are coupled to a common support. The method also includes throwing the common support housing the pyroelectric crystal, the deuterated or tritiated target, and the deuterium ion source near an unknown threat for identification thereof.
1 . A method for producing neutrons for enabling identification of a threat, the method comprising:
triggering a raising or a lowering of a temperature of a pyroelectric crystal of less than about 40° C. to produce a voltage of negative polarity of at least −100 keV on a surface of a deuterated or tritiated target coupled thereto,
wherein a deuterium ion source is pulsed with the voltage to produce a deuterium ion beam,
wherein the deuterium ion beam is accelerated via an electric field provided by the pyroelectric crystal toward the deuterated or tritiated target to produce neutrons,
wherein the pyroelectric crystal, the deuterated or tritiated target, and the deuterium ion source are coupled to a common support; and
positioning the common support coupled to the pyroelectric crystal, the deuterated or tritiated target, and the deuterium ion source toward the threat for enabling the identification of the threat.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the pyroelectric crystal is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of: lithium tantalite, lithium niobate, and barium strontiate.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the common support includes a hollow tube having first and second ends positioned opposite one another, wherein the deuterium ion source is toward the first end, the pyroelectric crystal is toward the second end, and the deuterated or tritiated target is positioned between the ion source and the pyroelectric crystal.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the hollow tube is a vacuum tube maintaining a partial vacuum therein.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the accelerated deuterium ion beam is achieved by using an ion accelerating mechanism comprising a pyroelectric stack accelerator having a thermal altering mechanism for the raising or the lowering of the temperature of the pyroelectric stack accelerator.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the raising or the lowering of the temperature of the pyroelectric crystal is at least partially caused by at least one mechanism selected from the group consisting of: a chemical heating pack, a chemical cooling pack, a Peltier heater/cooler, a thermite composition, a resistive heating element, a dielectric fluid system, and a thermoelectric heater/cooler.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the deuterated or tritiated target covers at least a portion of at least one side of the pyroelectric crystal.