Deformable image registration phantom comprising a housing, an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, a ball and socket mount, and a target
A deformable image registration phantom, having a housing, an outer cylinder with a first diameter, a parallel eccentric inner cylinder with a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, a ball and socket mount, and a target. The target is mounted to the housing by way of the inner and outer cylinders and the ball and socket mount. The inner cylinder is rotatably mounted within the outer cylinder and the target is rotatably mounted, directly or indirectly, within the inner cylinder. The outer cylinder may be rotatably mounted within the housing and the ball and socket mount rotatably mounted within the inner cylinder. Alternatively, the outer cylinder may be rotatably mounted within the ball and socket mount and the ball and socket mount rotatably mounted within the housing.
1 . A deformable image registration phantom, comprising:
a housing,
an outer cylinder having a first diameter,
a parallel eccentric inner cylinder having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter,
a ball and socket mount, and
a target mounted to the housing by way of the parallel eccentric inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, and the ball and socket mount, wherein the parallel eccentric inner cylinder is rotatably mounted within the outer cylinder, and
wherein the target is rotatably mounted directly or indirectly within the parallel eccentric inner cylinder.
2 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 1 , wherein the outer cylinder rotates about a first axis, the parallel eccentric inner cylinder rotates about a second axis, and the second axis is parallel to the first axis and offset from the first axis by a first offset distance.
3 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 2 , wherein the target is offset from the second axis by a second offset distance.
4 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , wherein the first offset distance and the second offset distance are equal in length.
5 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , wherein the target is one or more targets, each independently configured to simulate a radiation target or an organ at risk.
6 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , wherein the target comprises one or more radiation dose detectors.
7 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , wherein the parallel eccentric inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, and the target are configures so that rotating the parallel eccentric inner cylinder or rotating both the parallel eccentric inner cylinder and the outer cylinder causes a displacement of the target in a plane orthogonal to the first axis and the second axis.
8 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , wherein the outer cylinder or the parallel eccentric inner cylinder is configured to slide along the first axis or the second axis, respectively, to displace the target along an axis parallel to the first axis and the second axis.
9 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , further comprising an insert, wherein the target is contained within the insert.
10 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 9 , wherein the insert is configured to slide along an axis parallel to the first axis and the second axis to displace the target along the axis parallel to the first axis and the second axis.
11 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , further comprising a series of visual markings, wherein the series of visual markings are positioned on one or more of a front of the housing, a front of the parallel eccentric inner cylinder, a front of the outer cylinder, and the ball and socket mount to facilitate a measurement of relative positions of two or more of the housing, the parallel eccentric inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, and the ball and socket mount.
12 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , further comprising a plurality of imaging structures, wherein the plurality of imaging structures is positioned in one or more of the housing, the parallel eccentric inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, and the ball and socket mount to facilitate a measurement of relative positions of two or more of the housing, the parallel eccentric inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, and the ball and socket mount.
13 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , wherein the outer cylinder is rotatably mounted within the housing, and wherein the ball and socket mount is rotatably mounted within the parallel eccentric inner cylinder and positioned with its center of rotation offset from the second axis by the second offset distance.
14 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 13 , wherein the ball and socket mount rotates about at least a third axis and a fourth axis, both perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis.
15 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 3 , wherein the outer cylinder is rotatably mounted within the ball and socket mount, and wherein the ball and socket mount is rotatably mounted within the housing.
16 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 15 , wherein the ball and socket mount comprises an inner gimbal and an outer gimbal.
17 . The deformable image registration phantom of claim 16 , wherein the inner gimbal rotates about a third axis perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis, and the outer gimbal rotates about a fourth axis perpendicular to the first axis, the second axis, and the third axis.