Biomaterial comprising a resorbable porous matrix and associated manufacturing method
A biomaterial including a resorbable porous matrix formed from a material including collagen, and exhibiting an inner volume and an outer surface. Advantageously, the biomaterial includes at least one type of living biological cells of a tissue, disposed in the inner volume and alternatively or complementarily on the surface of the porous matrix. The biomaterial forms a tissue substitute being close to a native tissue, in particular in terms of biological structure present in the tissue, and physiological functions.
1 . A method for manufacturing a biomaterial, comprising: a supply of a resorbable porous matrix formed from a material comprising collagen, the resorbable porous matrix being a haemostatic sponge, and exhibiting an inner volume and an outer surface, a hydration of the haemostatic sponge so as to balance pH and osmolarity of the haemostatic sponge, a drying of the haemostatic sponge after the hydration of the haemostatic sponge, after drying the haemostatic sponge, a first seeding of the resorbable porous matrix haemostatic sponge by at least one first type of living biological cells of a tissue, after the first seeding, a cell growth of the at least one type of biological cells, after the first seeding by said at least one first type of biological cells, a drying of the haemostatic sponge, and following said drying, a second seeding of the haemostatic sponge by at least one second type of biological cells, distinct from the at least one first type of biological cells, after the second seeding, a cell growth of the at least one second type of biological cells, a hydration of the resorbable porous matrix so as to balance pH and osmolarity of the resorbable porous matrix, prior to the seeding, and a drying of the resorbable porous matrix between the hydration of the resorbable porous matrix and the seeding of the resorbable porous matrix to form a biomaterial, the biomaterial comprising: the resorbable porous matrix haemostatic sponge, and the at least one first and the at least one second types of living biological cells of a tissue disposed in the inner volume and alternatively or complementarily on the outer surface of the resorbable porous matrix haemostatic sponge, and wherein the hydration and the subsequent dryings prior to the first and second seedings condition the haemostatic sponge to promote cell adhesion and subsequent cell growth.
2 . A biomaterial manufactured according to claim 1 , comprising:
a resorbable porous matrix formed from a material comprising collagen having a balanced pH and osmolarity, and exhibiting an inner volume and an outer surface, and
at least one first type and at least one second type of living biological cells of a tissue, the at least one second type of biological cells being distinct from the first type of biological cells disposed in the inner volume and alternatively or complementarily on the surface of the resorbable porous matrix,
wherein the resorbable porous matrix is a haemostatic sponge prepared by hydration to balance the pH and the osmolarity followed by drying prior to the disposition of the at least one first type of living biological cells, and
the at least one first type of living biological cells being seeded in the haemostatic sponge in a first seeding, the at least one second type of living biological cells being seeded in the haemostatic sponge in a second seeding, the haemostatic sponge is prepared by drying the haemostatic sponge after the first seeding and prior to the second seeding.
3 . The biomaterial according to claim 2 , wherein the material of the resorbable porous matrix comprises at least 90% by mass of collagen, relative to the dry mass of the resorbable porous matrix.
4 . The biomaterial according to claim 2 , wherein the material of the resorbable porous matrix has no chitosan.
5 . The biomaterial according to claim 2 , wherein the biological cells comprise cells chosen from among conjunctive tissue cells and epithelial cells.
6 . The biomaterial according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one type of biological cells is disposed at least in the inner volume of the resorbable porous matrix, the biomaterial further comprising an extracellular matrix in said inner volume, the extracellular matrix being secreted by the at least one first type of biological cells.
7 . The biomaterial according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one first type of biological cells is disposed in the inner volume of the resorbable porous matrix, and the at least one second type of biological cells is disposed on the surface of the resorbable porous matrix.
8 . The biomaterial according to claim 7 , wherein the first type of biological cells comprises fibroblasts, and the second type of biological cells comprises keratinocytes.
9 . The biomaterial according to claim 2 , wherein the biological cells are chosen from among cells derived from standard cell line cultures and cells isolated from a biological sample of an organism.
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the seeding of the resorbable porous matrix is performed by deposition of a suspension of at least one type of biological cells on the resorbable porous matrix.
11 . The method according to claim 1 wherein the second seeding is performed by deposition of a suspension of at least one second type of biological cells on the resorbable porous matrix.
12 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the biological cells comprise cells chosen from among conjunctive tissue cells and epithelial cells.
13 . The method according to claim 12 , wherein, when the biological cells are conjunctive tissue cells, the cell growth comprises an immersion of the resorbable porous matrix in a culture medium.
14 . The method according to claim 12 , wherein, when the biological cells are epithelial tissue cells, the cell growth comprises a first undergrowth during which the resorbable porous matrix is immersed in a culture medium, until a confluence of the biological cells on the surface of the resorbable porous matrix.
15 . The method according to claim 14 , wherein the growth comprises, following the first undergrowth, a maturing during which the resorbable porous matrix is placed at an interface between the air and a culture medium.
16 . A method for using a biomaterial manufactured by the method according to claim 1 , the biomaterial comprising:
a resorbable porous matrix formed from a material comprising collagen, the resorbable porous matrix being a haemostatic sponge, and exhibiting an inner volume and a surface, and
at least one first type and at least one second type of living biological cells of a tissue, disposed in the inner volume and/or on the surface of the resorbable porous matrix,
the method comprising an in vitro application of at least one substance chosen from among a pharmaceutical substance and a cosmetic substance on the biomaterial.
17 . A method for using a biomaterial manufactured by the method according to claim 1 , for the treatment of lesions, the method comprising an application of the biomaterial on a lesion, the biomaterial comprising:
a resorbable porous matrix formed from a material comprising collagen, the resorbable porous matrix being a haemostatic sponge, and exhibiting an inner volume and a surface, and
at least one first type and at least one second type of living biological cells of a tissue, the at least one second type of biological cells being distinct from the first type of biological cells, disposed in the inner volume and, and/or on the surface of the resorbable porous matrix.