Silencer and vehicle including the same
In an embodiment, a silencer of a vehicle's exhaust system for a fuel cell system is capable of reducing high-frequency noise and reducing noise generated from a drain, wherein the silencer includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a perforated tube located in the housing, the perforated tube having a plurality of through-holes, at least one baffle interposed between the housing and the perforated tube to partition a space between the housing and the perforated tube into a plurality of resonance chambers, and a cover installed in the housing to support the perforated tube and to partition the most downstream resonance chamber.
1 . A silencer, comprising:
a housing having an inlet and an outlet;
a perforated tube located in the housing, the perforated tube having a plurality of through-holes;
at least one baffle interposed between the housing and the perforated tube to partition an internal space between the housing and the perforated tube into a plurality of resonance chambers; and
a cover installed in the housing to support the perforated tube and partition the most downstream resonance chamber.
2 . The silencer of claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises:
a first case having an outer tube and an inner tube; and
a second case coupled to the first case, wherein the inlet is formed in the outer tube, and the outlet is formed in the second case.
3 . The silencer of claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of spacers located between the outer tube and the inner tube to support the inner tube relative to the outer tube and to maintain a gap between the outer tube and the inner tube, and configured such that a separation space between the outer tube and the inner tube communicates with the internal space of the housing.
4 . The silencer of claim 3 , further comprising a through-hole formed in the cover, wherein the perforated tube is radially inwardly spaced apart from the inner tube and is accommodated in the first case, wherein a first end of the perforated tube is connected to the inlet, and wherein a second end of the perforated tube is connected to the through-hole.
5 . The silencer of claim 4 , wherein the at least one baffle comprises a first baffle, the first baffle being located at an upstream end of the inner tube, to partition a first resonance chamber, formed as a first resonance space between the outer tube and the perforated tube, and a second resonance chamber formed as a second resonance space between the inner tube and the perforated tube.
6 . The silencer of claim 5 , wherein the first resonance chamber is configured to reduce noise of a frequency lower than that of the second resonance chamber.
7 . The silencer of claim 5 , wherein the at least one baffle further comprises a second baffle located downstream of the first baffle, and the second baffle being configured to partition the internal space between the inner tube and the perforated tube into the second resonance chamber and an auxiliary resonance chamber.
8 . The silencer of claim 7 , wherein the second baffle comprises at least one drain hole formed therein and perforated along an axial direction of the housing, and the at least one drain hole being located at a lower portion of the second baffle.
9 . The silencer of claim 4 , wherein the cover further comprises an extension tube formed to protrude upstream between the inner tube and the perforated tube, wherein an end of the extension tube contacts the at least one baffle.
10 . The silencer of claim 9 , wherein the extension tube comprises a partition wall formed between the inner tube and the perforated tube to extend in a direction intersecting an axial line of the perforated tube, wherein the partition wall is configured to divide the extension tube into a first extension portion located upstream of the partition wall and a second extension portion located downstream of the partition wall.
11 . The silencer of claim 10 , wherein the internal space defined between the extension tube and the perforated tube is divided into a first auxiliary resonance chamber, partitioned by the first extension portion and the partition wall, and a second auxiliary resonance chamber partitioned by the second extension portion and the partition wall.
12 . The silencer of claim 11 , wherein an axial length of the first extension portion and the second extension portion, and a distance of the first extension portion and the second extension portion from the perforated tube, respectively, define a volume of the first auxiliary resonance chamber and the second auxiliary resonance chamber, respectively.
13 . The silencer of claim 10 , wherein each of the cover, the partition wall, and the second extension portion comprises at least one drain hole located at a lower portion thereof.
14 . A silencer, comprising:
a housing having an inlet and an outlet;
a perforated tube located in the housing, the perforated tube having a plurality of through-holes, wherein the plurality of through-holes are arranged in an upper region from about half a height to the top surface in a vertical direction of the perforated tube;
at least one baffle interposed between the housing and the perforated tube to partition an internal space between the housing and the perforated tube into a plurality of resonance chambers; and
a cover installed in the housing to support the perforated tube and partition the most downstream resonance chamber.
15 . The silencer of claim 14 , wherein a perforation rate, which is a ratio of an area of the plurality of through-holes to a surface area of the perforated tube, is in a range of 10% to 20%.
16 . The silencer of claim 1 , further comprising an etching filter located downstream of the perforated tube and the cover in the housing, the etching filter being configured to separate liquid from fluid.
17 . The silencer of claim 16 , further comprising a drain formed in the housing downstream of the perforated tube and the cover, wherein the drain is configured to communicate the internal space with an outside of the housing.
18 . The silencer of claim 1 , further comprising a sound-absorbing material that is at least partially located in a most downstream resonance chamber.
19 . A vehicle comprising:
an exhaust system; and
a silencer disposed in the exhaust system, wherein the silencer comprises:
a housing having an inlet and an outlet;
a perforated tube located in the housing, the perforated tube having a plurality of through-holes;
at least one baffle interposed between the housing and the perforated tube to partition an internal space between the housing and the perforated tube into a plurality of resonance chambers; and
a cover installed in the housing to support the perforated tube and partition the most downstream resonance chamber.
20 . The vehicle of claim 19 , wherein the exhaust system is connected to a humidifier of a fuel cell system.