Electric vehicle energy storage preconditioning for fast charging
In some embodiments, an electric vehicle (EV) includes an energy storage, a navigation system, and a vehicle management system configured to receive, from the navigation system, parameters associated with preconditioning the energy storage for charging, precondition, while travelling to a destination charger and based on the parameters, the energy storage to a target temperature, and charge the energy storage to a target state of energy using the destination charger.
1 . An electric vehicle (EV) comprising:
an energy storage;
a navigation system; and
a vehicle management system configured to:
receive, from the navigation system, parameters associated with preconditioning the energy storage for charging;
determine a target temperature based on whether a destination charger provides DC or AC charging, the target temperature being different when the destination charger provides DC charging from when the destination charger provides AC charging;
precondition, while travelling to a destination charger and based on the parameters, the energy storage to the target temperature; and
charge the energy storage to a target state of energy using the destination charger.
2 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle management system is further configured to: precondition the energy storage by at least one of:
increasing a temperature of the energy storage; or
decreasing the temperature of the energy storage.
3 . The EV of claim 2 , wherein increasing the temperature of the energy storage comprises at least one of:
increasing an amount of current provided to a motor of the EV;
transferring heat from the motor to the energy storage via a heat-transfer fluid; or
transferring the heat from the motor to the energy storage via a heat pump.
4 . The EV of claim 2 , wherein the decreasing the temperature of the energy storage comprises at least one of:
directing an air flow across the energy storage;
transferring heat from the energy storage to an ambient atmosphere via a heat-transfer fluid; or
transferring the heat from the energy storage to the ambient atmosphere via a heat pump.
5 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the target temperature comprises at least one of:
a first temperature below a high temperature threshold;
a second temperature above a low temperature threshold; or
a third temperature in a middle range between the high temperature threshold and the low temperature threshold.
6 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle management system is further configured to: precondition the energy storage based on an ambient temperature at the destination charger.
7 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein to determine whether the destination charger provides DC charging or AC charging is based on a connector type of the destination charger.
8 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle management system is further configured to: precondition the energy storage based on a voltage level of the destination charger.
9 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle management system is further configured to: precondition the energy storage based on a difference between the target state of energy and an estimated state of energy of the energy storage at the destination charger.
10 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle management system is further configured to: precondition the energy storage based on at least one of:
an estimated time of availability associated with the destination charger;
an estimated travel time to the destination charger; or
a distance to the destination charger.
11 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle management system is further configured to:
precondition, based on a current energy storage temperature, the energy storage to a second target temperature during a charging process at the destination charger.
12 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the target temperature is based on at least one of:
an age of the energy storage;
an odometer reading associated with the EV;
a first energy of the energy storage of the EV at arrival at the destination charger;
a second recommended energy of the energy storage of the EV at an end of a charging session at the destination charger;
a power capability of the destination charger; or
a number of fast charging instances associated with the energy storage.
13 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the navigation system is configured to receive the parameters from a cloud based server, the parameters including at least one of:
connector type of the destination charger;
an electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) type;
a maximum power of the destination charger;
an availability of the destination charger;
an estimated travel time to the destination charger;
a distance to the destination charger; or
an ambient temperature at the destination charger.
14 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle management system is further configured to:
display, on a display of the navigation system, an indicator of a status of the energy storage preconditioning.
15 . The EV of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle management system is further configured to:
display, on a display of the navigation system, a prompt to enable or disable the energy storage preconditioning, wherein the preconditioning of the energy storage is based on a response to the prompt.
16 . A method for controlling an electric vehicle (EV) having an energy storage, a navigation system, and a vehicle management system, the method comprising:
receiving, from the navigation system, parameters associated with preconditioning the energy storage for charging;
preconditioning the energy storage to a target temperature while travelling to a destination charger, based on the parameters and based on a difference between the target state of energy and an estimated state of energy of the energy storage at the destination charger; and
charging the energy storage to a target state of energy using the destination charger.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the preconditioning the energy storage comprises at least one of:
increasing a temperature of the energy storage; or
decreasing the temperature of the energy storage.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein increasing the temperature of the energy storage comprises at least one of:
increasing an amount of current provided to a motor of the EV;
transferring heat from the motor to the energy storage via a heat-transfer fluid; or
transferring the heat from the motor to the energy storage via a heat pump.
19 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the decreasing the temperature of the energy storage comprises at least one of:
directing an air flow across the energy storage;
decreasing an amount of current provided to a motor of the EV;
transferring heat from the energy storage to an ambient atmosphere via a heat-transfer fluid; or
transferring the heat from the energy storage to the ambient atmosphere via a heat pump.
20 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the target temperature comprises at least one of:
a first temperature below a high temperature threshold;
a second temperature above a low temperature threshold; or
a third temperature in a middle range between the high temperature threshold and the low temperature threshold.
21 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising preconditioning the energy storage based on an ambient temperature at the destination charger.
22 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising preconditioning the energy storage based on a connector type of the destination charger, wherein the connector type indicates the destination charger provides AC charging or DC charging.
23 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising preconditioning the energy storage based on a voltage level of the destination charger.
24 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising preconditioning the energy storage based on at least one of:
an estimated time of availability associated with the destination charger;
an estimated travel time to the destination charger; or
a distance to the destination charger.
25 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
preconditioning, based on a current energy storage temperature, the energy storage to a second target temperature during a charging process at the destination charger.
26 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the target temperature is based on at least one of:
an age of the energy storage;
an odometer reading associated with the EV;
a first energy of the energy storage of the EV at arrival at the destination charger;
a second recommended energy of the energy storage of the EV at an end of a charging session at the destination charger;
a power capability of the destination charger; or
a number of fast charging instances associated with the energy storage.
27 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
receiving, by the navigation system from a cloud based server, the parameters including at least one of:
connector type of the destination charger;
an electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) type;
a maximum power of the destination charger;
an availability of the destination charger;
an estimated travel time to the destination charger;
a distance to the destination charger; or
an ambient temperature at the destination charger.
28 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
displaying, on a display of the navigation system, an indicator of a status of the energy storage preconditioning.
29 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
displaying, on a display of the navigation system, a prompt to enable or disable the energy storage preconditioning, wherein the preconditioning of the energy storage is based on a response to the prompt.
30 . A non-transitory computer readable media storing instructions which, when executed by an electronic device of an electric vehicle, causes the electronic device to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a navigation system, parameters associated with preconditioning an energy storage for charging;
preconditioning the energy storage to a target temperature, based on the parameters and based on a difference between the target state of energy and an estimated state of energy of the energy storage at the destination charger; and
charging the energy storage to a target state of energy using a destination charger.