Hyaloclastite, sideromelane or tachylite pozzolan-based geopolymer cement and concrete and method of making and using same
The invention comprises a cementitious material comprising a natural pozzolan selected from hyaloclastite, sideromelane or tachylite, wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to 40 μm. The cementitious material also comprising an aqueous alkaline activating solution suitable for forming a geopolymer. A method making a cementitious material is also disclosed.
1 . A cementitious material comprising:
a natural pozzolan selected from hyaloclastite, sideromelane, tachylite or combinations or mixtures thereof, wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 40 μm; and
quicklime; and
water.
2 . The cementitious material of claim 1 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 20 μm.
3 . The cementitious material of claim 1 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 10 μm.
4 . The cementitious material of claim 1 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 5 μm.
5 . The cementitious material of claim 1 further comprising aggregate.
6 . The cementitious material of claim 2 further comprising aggregate.
7 . The cementitious material of claim 3 further comprising aggregate.
8 . The cementitious material of claim 4 further comprising aggregate.
9 . A cementitious material comprising:
a molten mineral that has been quenched by water to form a fragmented, solid mineral, wherein the mineral comprises approximately 43% to approximately 63% by weight SiO 2 , wherein the mineral has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 40 μm;
a quicklime; and
water.
10 . The cementitious material of claim 9 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 20 μm.
11 . The cementitious material of claim 9 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 10 μm.
12 . The cementitious material of claim 9 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 5 μm.
13 . The cementitious material of claim 9 further comprising aggregate.
14 . The cementitious material of claim 10 further comprising aggregate.
15 . The cementitious material of claim 11 further comprising aggregate.
16 . The cementitious material of claim 12 further comprising aggregate.
17 . A cementitious material comprising:
a molten mineral that has been quenched by water to form a fragmented, solid mineral, wherein the mineral comprises approximately 43% to approximately 63% by weight SiO 2 and wherein the mineral has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 40 μm;
hydrated lime; and
water.
18 . The cementitious material of claim 17 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 20 μm.
19 . The cementitious material of claim 17 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 10 μm.
20 . The cementitious material of claim 17 , wherein the natural pozzolan has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 5 μm.