Exchanging of a programmable logic controller

1 . A method for exchanging a programmable logic controller, the method comprising:

transmitting data between different network subscribers of a network in accordance with a communication cycle formed of successive time intervals and specified in a communication scheme;

during at least one time interval of the communication cycle, authorizing each of a plurality of predetermined network subscribers of the network either for sending or for receiving the data;

providing a first programmable logic controller and a further programmable logic controller as network subscribers of the network;

using the first programmable logic controller to carry out a control function by running through a process cycle formed of a plurality of successive process steps;

in each of the process steps, either reading in, processing or outputting at least a portion of the data;

synchronizing the communication cycle with the process cycle such that during a temporal run-through of the process cycle, a predetermined process step of the process cycle is carried out during a time interval of the communication cycle associated with the predetermined process step;

during a time interval of a first type of the communication cycle, authorizing the first programmable logic controller to send data and authorizing the further programmable logic controller to receive the sent data;

during the time interval of the first type, using the first programmable logic controller to output a handover information item and using the further programmable logic controller to read in the handover information item; and

following the reading-in of the handover information item, using the further programmable logic controller, rather than the first programmable logic controller, to carry out the control function.

2 . The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises outputting a status indicator as at least a portion of the handover information item, and indicating an impending handover of the control function based on the status indicator.

3 . The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises:

using the first programmable logic controller to acquire and store process state data during the run-through of the process cycle; and

outputting the process state data stored by the first programmable logic controller as at least one further portion of the handover information item.

4 . The method according to claim 3 , which further comprises:

using the first programmable logic controller to run through the process cycle multiple times; and

using the first programmable logic controller to acquire and store the process state data during each run-through of the process cycle.

5 . The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises:

during a time interval of a second type of the communication cycle, authorizing at least one network subscriber of the first type of the network to send input data and authorizing at least one of the first programmable logic controller or the further programmable logic controller to receive the sent data; and

during the time interval of the second type, using at least one of the first programmable logic controller or the further programmable logic controller to read in the sent data.

6 . The method according to claim 5 , which further comprises during a time interval of a third type of the communication cycle, using at least one of the first programmable logic controller or the further programmable logic controller to process the input data into an output dataset by using a respective deterministic data processing program, dependent upon the process state data.

7 . The method according to claim 6 , which further comprises:

during a time interval of a fourth type of the communication cycle, authorizing at least one network subscriber of the second type to receive data and authorizing either the first programmable logic controller or the further programmable logic controller to send data; and

during the time interval of the fourth type, using the at least one network subscriber of the second type to read in at least a portion of the output dataset.

8 . The method according to claim 7 , which further comprises driving the at least one network subscriber of the second type by at least a portion of the output dataset.

9 . The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises:

using the first programmable logic controller to run through the process cycle multiple times; and

following the reading-in of the handover information item, using the further programmable logic controller, rather than the first programmable logic controller, to carry out the control function out beginning at a start time point of a process cycle.

10 . The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises:

using the first programmable logic controller to run through the process cycle multiple times; and

following the reading-in of the handover information item, using the further programmable logic controller, rather than the first programmable logic controller, to run through the same process cycle.

11 . A device for exchanging a programmable logic controller, the device comprising:

a plurality of network subscribers interconnected in a network;

different network subscribers of said network being configured to transmit data therebetween in accordance with a communication cycle formed of successive time intervals and specified in a communication scheme;

predetermined network subscribers of said network each being configured to be authorized either for sending or for receiving the data during at least one time interval of said communication cycle;

a first programmable logic controller and a further programmable logic controller being provided as network subscribers;

said first programmable logic controller being configured to carry out a control function by a run-through of a process cycle formed of a plurality of successive process steps;

said first programmable logic controller being configured either to read in, to process or to output at least a portion of the data, respectively in said plurality of successive process steps;

said communication cycle being synchronized with said process cycle such that during a temporal run-through of said process cycle, a predetermined process step of the process cycle is configured to be executed during a time interval of said communication cycle associated with said predetermined process step; and

said further programmable logic controller being configured, after reading-in of a handover information item output during a time interval of a first type by said first programmable logic controller, to carry out said control function rather than said first programmable logic controller.

12 . The device according to claim 11 , which further comprises at least one network subscriber of a second type being configured to be activated by said first programmable logic controller and by said further programmable logic controller by using said network.

13 . A non-transitory computer readable medium having commands stored thereon which cause a device according to claim 11 to carry out a method for exchanging a programmable logic controller having the following steps:

transmitting data between different network subscribers of a network in accordance with a communication cycle formed of successive time intervals and specified in a communication scheme;

during at least one time interval of the communication cycle, authorizing each of a plurality of predetermined network subscribers of the network either for sending or for receiving the data;

providing a first programmable logic controller and a further programmable logic controller as network subscribers of the network;

using the first programmable logic controller to carry out a control function by running through a process cycle formed of a plurality of successive process steps;

in each of the process steps, either reading in, processing or outputting at least a portion of the data;

synchronizing the communication cycle with the process cycle such that during a temporal run-through of the process cycle, a predetermined process step of the process cycle is carried out during a time interval of the communication cycle associated with the predetermined process step;

during a time interval of a first type of the communication cycle, authorizing the first programmable logic controller to send data and authorizing the further programmable logic controller to receive the sent data;

during the time interval of the first type, using the first programmable logic controller to output a handover information item and using the further programmable logic controller to read in the handover information item; and

following the reading-in of the handover information item, using the further programmable logic controller, rather than the first programmable logic controller, to carry out the control function.