Method of preparing carbon-silicon composite powder, carbon-silicon composite powder prepared using the same, and lithium secondary battery including the same
Disclosed are a method of preparing a carbon-silicon composite powder including A) adding crystalline carbon and a precursor of amorphous carbon to a silicon slurry containing silicon particles and a dispersion medium to prepare a first mixed solution containing silicon particles, crystalline carbon and the precursor of amorphous carbon in a weight ratio of 20 to 70:20 to 70:1 to 19, B) spray drying the first mixed solution to prepare a first composite powder, C) adding the first composite powder to an aqueous solvent containing carbon fibers to prepare a second mixed solution, D) subjecting the second mixed solution to cold isostatic pressing, followed by drying to prepare a second composite powder, and E) screening the second composite powder without pulverization to prepare a carbon-silicon composite powder, a carbon-silicon composite powder produced using the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
1 . A method of preparing a carbon-silicon composite powder comprising:
A) adding crystalline carbon and a precursor of amorphous carbon to a silicon slurry comprising silicon particles and a dispersion medium to prepare a first mixed solution comprising silicon particles, crystalline carbon and the precursor of amorphous carbon in a weight ratio of 20 to 70:20 to 70:1 to 19;
B) spray drying the first mixed solution to prepare a first composite powder;
C) adding the first composite powder to an aqueous solvent comprising carbon fibers to prepare a second mixed solution;
D) subjecting the second mixed solution to cold isostatic pressing (CIP), followed by drying to prepare a second composite powder; and
E) screening the second composite powder without pulverization to prepare a carbon-silicon composite powder.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon particles have an average particle diameter (D50) of 10 nm to 1,000 nm.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the silicon particles to the dispersion medium is 1:99 to 30:70.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the spray drying is performed at 50 to 300° C.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the first composite powder to the carbon fibers in the second mixed solution is 70:30 to 99.9:0.1.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the first composite powder to the aqueous solvent comprising carbon fibers is 1:1 to 1:2.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second mixed solution comprises a dispersant to disperse the first composite powder in an amount of 0.01 to 1% by weight based on the total weight of the first composite powder.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cold isostatic pressing (CIP) is performed by injecting the second mixed solution into a container formed of rubber and then applying an isostatic pressure of 50 to 2,500 atm thereto using a cold isostatic press.
9 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein drying is performed at 70 to 300° C. after the cold isostatic pressing (CIP).
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon-silicon composite powder has a porosity of 0.1 to 5%.
11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon-silicon composite powder has a spherical shape.
12 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon-silicon composite powder has D90 of 20 μm to 80 μm.
13 . A carbon-silicon composite powder prepared using the method according to claim 1 .
14 . An anode active material comprising the carbon-silicon composite powder according to claim 13 .
15 . A lithium secondary battery comprising the anode active material according to claim 14 .