Methods and apparatuses for determining OAM beam transmission direction, terminal devices, access network devices and storage media
The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for determining an OAM beam transmission direction, a terminal device, an access network device and a storage medium and belongs to the field of communication technologies. The method includes: determining, by a sender, a plurality of transmitting directions; based on the plurality of transmitting directions, sequentially transmitting a plurality of first OAM beams to a receiver; receiving beam information sent by the receiver, and based on the beam information, determining the OAM beam transmission direction.
1 . A method of determining an Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) beam transmission direction, performed by a sender and comprising:
determining a transmitting azimuth angle combination for transmitting first OAM beams, wherein the transmitting azimuth angle combination comprises a plurality of transmitting azimuth angles, one of which is an included angle between a projection of a first OAM beam axis on a uniform circular array (UCA) surface of the sender and a coordinate axis of a UCA of the sender;
determining a transmitting elevation angle combination for transmitting the first OAM beams, wherein the transmitting elevation angle combination comprises a plurality of transmitting elevation angles, one of which is an included angle between the first OAM beam axis and a UCA plane normal of the sender;
generating, based on the transmitting azimuth angle combination and the transmitting elevation angle combination, a plurality of transmitting directions;
transmitting, based on the plurality of transmitting directions, the first OAM beams to a receiver;
receiving beam information of a target transmitting beam sent by the receiver; and
determining, based on the beam information, the OAM beam transmission direction;
wherein the target transmitting beam is a beam with an optimal signal quality in the first OAM beams, and the beam information comprises a transmitting azimuth angle and a transmitting elevation angle corresponding to the target transmitting beam.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein
the transmitting azimuth angle combination is determined in the following formula:
the transmitting azimuth angle combination is:
{
2
π
×
m
M
1
,
(
m
=
0
,
1
,
2
…
M
1
)
}
;
wherein M 1 is an integer used to indicate a number of the transmitting azimuth angles in the transmitting azimuth angle combination;
the transmitting elevation angle combination is determined in the following formula:
the transmitting elevation angle combination is:
{
π
×
n
N
1
,
(
n
=
0
,
1
,
2
…
N
1
2
)
}
,
and
wherein N 1 is an integer used to indicate a number of the transmitting elevation angles in the transmitting elevation angle combination.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein generating, based on the transmitting azimuth angle combination and the transmitting elevation angle combination, the plurality of transmitting directions comprises:
determining, based on the transmitting azimuth angle combination and the transmitting elevation angle combination, transmitting beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the sender, wherein the transmitting beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the sender comprise a transmitting beam deflection vector corresponding to each antenna element of the UCA of the sender; and
generating, based on the transmitting beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the sender and a weight value of each antenna element of the UCA of the sender, the plurality of transmitting directions.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein determining, based on the transmitting azimuth angle combination and the transmitting elevation angle combination, the transmitting beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the sender comprises:
determining, based on any one transmitting azimuth angle of the transmitting azimuth angle combination and any one transmitting elevation angle of the transmitting elevation angle combination, a transmitting beam deflection vector corresponding to the UCA of the sender; and
traversing the transmitting azimuth angles of the transmitting azimuth angle combination and the transmitting elevation angles of the transmitting elevation angle combination to generate the transmitting beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the sender.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the transmitting beam deflection vectors are determined in the following steps:
the transmitting beam deflection vector W 1(m,n) corresponding to an i-th antenna element is:
W
1
(
m
,
n
)
=
e
j
2
π
λ
R
t
1
cos
(
φ
m
1
+
2
π
i
K
)
sin
(
θ
n
1
)
;
wherein, λ represents a wavelength of the first OAM beam, R t1 represents a radius of the UCA of the sender, φ m1 represents any one transmitting azimuth angle of the transmitting azimuth angle combination, θ n1 represents any one transmitting elevation angle of the transmitting elevation angle combination, j is a complex number, and K is an integer used to indicate the number of the UCA antenna elements of the sender.
6 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the weight value a of each antenna element is a=e jlφ ;
wherein l represents a modal of the OAM, φ represents an included angle between a projection of the antenna element on the UCA surface of the sender and the coordinate axis of the UCA of the sender, and j is a complex number.
7 . The method of claim 3 , wherein generating, based on the transmitting beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the sender and the weight value of each antenna element of the UCA of the sender, the plurality of transmitting directions comprises:
for each antenna element of the UCA of the sender comprised in the transmitting beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the sender, determining, based on a product of the transmitting beam deflection vector corresponding to the antenna element and the weight value of the antenna element, a transmitting direction; and
traversing the transmitting beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the sender to determine the plurality of transmitting directions.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein after receiving the beam information of the target transmitting beam sent by the receiver, the method further comprises:
transmitting, based on the OAM beam transmission direction, a plurality of second OAM transmission beams.
9 . A method of determining an Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) beam transmission direction, performed by a receiver and comprising:
receiving a plurality of first OAM beams transmitted by a sender, wherein the plurality of first OAM beams are transmitted based on a plurality of transmitting directions that are generated based on a transmitting azimuth angle combination for transmitting the first OAM beams and a transmitting elevation angle combination for transmitting the first OAM beams, the transmitting azimuth angle combination comprises a plurality of transmitting azimuth angles, one of which is an included angle between a projection of a first OAM beam axis on a uniform circular array (UCA) surface of the sender and a coordinate axis of a UCA of the sender, and the transmitting elevation angle combination comprises a plurality of transmitting elevation angles, one of which is an included angle between the first OAM beam axis and a UCA plane normal of the sender;
determining, based on a detection result associated with the plurality of first OAM beams, a target transmitting beam from the plurality of first OAM beams, wherein the target transmitting beam is a beam with an optimal signal quality in the first OAM beams; and
sending beam information of the target transmitting beam to the sender such that the sender determines an OAM beam transmission direction based on the beam information, wherein the beam information comprises a transmitting azimuth angle and a transmitting elevation angle corresponding to the target transmitting beam.
10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein determining the target transmitting beam from the plurality of first OAM beams comprises at least one of:
selecting, based on a reference signal receiving power (RSRP) and a reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ), the target transmitting beam from the plurality of first OAM beams; or
selecting, based on a bit error rate (BER) and a block error ratio (BLER), the target transmitting beam from the plurality of first OAM beams.
11 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
determining a plurality of reception directions;
receiving, based on the plurality of reception directions, a plurality of second OAM transmission beams transmitted by the sender to obtain second OAM reception beams;
determining, based on a detection result associated with the second OAM reception beams, a target reception beam from the second OAM reception beams; and
determining a reception direction corresponding to the target reception beam as an OAM beam reception direction.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein
determining the plurality of reception directions comprises at least one of:
determining a reception azimuth angle combination of the second OAM reception beams, wherein the reception azimuth angle combination comprises a plurality of reception azimuth angles, one of which is an included angle between a projection of a second OAM reception beam axis on a Uniform Circular Array (UCA) surface of the receiver and a coordinate axis of a UCA of the receiver; or
determining a reception elevation angle combination of the second OAM reception beams, wherein the reception elevation angle combination comprises a plurality of reception elevation angles, one of which is an included angle between the second OAM reception beam axis and a UCA plane normal of the receiver; and
the method further comprises at least one of:
determining, based on the reception azimuth angle combination and reception elevation angle combination, the plurality of reception directions; or
receiving, based on the OAM beam reception direction, a beam transmitted by the sender based on the OAM beam transmission direction.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein
the reception azimuth angle combination is determined in the following formula:
the reception azimuth angle combination is:
{
2
π
×
m
M
2
,
(
m
=
0
,
1
,
2
…
M
2
)
}
;
and
wherein M 2 is an integer used to indicate a number of reception azimuth angles in the reception azimuth angle combination; and
the reception elevation angle combination is determined in the following formula:
the reception elevation angle combination is:
{
π
×
n
N
2
,
(
n
=
0
,
1
,
2
…
N
2
2
)
}
,
and
wherein N 2 is an integer used to indicate a number of reception elevation angles in the reception elevation angle combination.
14 . The method of claim 12 , wherein determining, based on the reception azimuth angle combination and reception elevation angle combination, the plurality of reception directions comprises:
determining, based on the reception azimuth angle combination and reception elevation angle combination, reception beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the receiver, wherein the reception beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the receiver comprise a reception beam deflection vector corresponding to each antenna element in the UCA of the receiver; and
determining, based on the reception beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the receiver and a weight value of each antenna element, the plurality of reception directions.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein determining, based on the reception azimuth angle combination and reception elevation angle combination, the reception beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the receiver comprises:
determining, based on any one azimuth angle of the reception azimuth angle combination and any one elevation angle of the reception elevation angle combination, a reception beam deflection vector corresponding to the UCA of the receiver; and
traversing the azimuth angles of the reception azimuth angle combination and the elevation angles of the reception elevation angle combination to determine reception beam deflection vectors corresponding to respective antenna elements.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the reception beam deflection vectors are determined in the following step:
the reception beam deflection vector W 2(m,n) corresponding to an i-th antenna element is:
W
2
(
m
,
n
)
=
e
j
2
π
λ
R
t
2
cos
(
φ
m
2
+
2
π
i
K
)
sin
(
θ
n
2
)
;
wherein, λ represents a wavelength of the second OAM reception beam, R t2 represents a radius of the UCA of the receiver, φ m2 represents any one azimuth angle of the reception azimuth angle combination, θ n2 represents any one elevation angle of the reception elevation angle combination, j is a complex number, and K is an integer used to indicate the number of the UCA antenna elements of the receiver.
17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the weight value a of each antenna element is a=e jlφ ;
wherein l represents a modal of the OAM, φ represents an included angle between a projection of the antenna element on the UCA surface of the receiver and the coordinate axis of the UCA of the receiver, and j is a complex number.
18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein determining, based on the reception beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the receiver and the weight value of each antenna element, the plurality of reception directions comprises:
for each antenna element of the UCA of the receiver comprised in the reception beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the receiver, determining, based on a product of the reception beam deflection vector corresponding to the antenna element and the weight value of the antenna element, a reception direction; and
traversing the reception beam deflection vectors corresponding to the UCA of the receiver to determine the plurality of reception directions.
19 . A terminal device, comprising a transceiver; a memory; a processor connected to the transceiver and the memory and configured to execute computer executable instructions in the memory to control wireless signal reception and transmission of the transceiver and perform the method according to claim 1 .