Reference signal designs for multiple access in uplink
Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A reference signal distribution scheme described herein may allow for the benefits of orthogonal cover codes, and improve mechanisms to identify and address resulting carrier frequency offset. Techniques are described for distributing reference signals (e.g., demodulation reference signals) over a set of resources. The reference signals may be arranged in equi-spaced clusters, where groups of the reference signals per cluster are spaced according to a first timing offset, and where each cluster may be spaced according to a second timing offset. The network may configure the reference signal distribution scheme at various user equipments, indicating values for the timing offset. The user equipments may transmit reference signals according to the indicated scheme.
1 . An apparatus for wireless communications at a network entity, comprising:
at least one processor;
at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor; and
instructions stored in the at least one memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
transmit control signaling comprising an indication of a scheme for distributing reference signals over resources that are multiplexed to communicate signals for multiple user equipments (UEs) using orthogonal cover codes, the scheme indicating a plurality of clusters of the reference signals, each cluster comprising a plurality of groups of the reference signals, each group comprising a set of reference signals associated with each UE of the multiple UEs; and
receive one or more reference signals from the multiple UEs according to the scheme.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
decode an orthogonal cover code corresponding to the one or more reference signals for the multiple UEs based at least in part on receiving the one or more reference signals according to the scheme.
3 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
perform a carrier frequency offset estimation for each UE of the multiple UEs based at least in part on receiving the one or more reference signals and decoding an orthogonal cover code for each of the one or more reference signals.
4 . The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the instructions to perform the carrier frequency offset estimation are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
generate a first carrier frequency offset estimate based at least in part on measuring a phase rotation between at least a first group and a second group of the plurality of groups within at least a first cluster of the plurality of clusters;
generate, according to a compensation of the first carrier frequency offset estimate, a second carrier frequency offset estimate based at least in part on measuring a phase rotation between at least the first group of the first cluster and a corresponding first group of a second cluster of the plurality of clusters and across at least the second group of the first cluster and a corresponding second group of the second cluster; and
generate, according to a compensation of the second carrier frequency offset estimate, a third carrier frequency offset estimate by applying a likelihood estimator to a carrier frequency offset value corresponding to the one or more reference signals compensated by the first carrier frequency offset estimate and the second carrier frequency offset estimate, wherein a total carrier frequency offset is based at least in part on the first carrier frequency offset estimate, the second carrier frequency offset estimate, and the third carrier frequency offset estimate.
5 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
compensate the one or more reference signals based at least in part on decoding an orthogonal cover code for each of the one or more reference signals and a carrier frequency offset estimate.
6 . The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
perform a channel estimation based at least in part on the compensated one or more reference signals.
7 . The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive data signaling from the multiple UEs via one or more symbols located between the plurality of groups of each cluster; and
decode the orthogonal cover code corresponding to the data signaling based at least in part on the compensated one or more reference signals and the decoded orthogonal cover code for each of the one or more reference signals.
8 . The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
compensate the data signaling according to the carrier frequency offset estimate and based at least in part on decoding the orthogonal cover code corresponding to the data signaling;
demodulate the compensated data signaling; and
send the demodulated data to a channel decoder.
9 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
transmit, via the control signaling, an indication of a quantity of the multiple UEs, an orthogonal cover code codeword corresponding to the orthogonal cover codes, or both.
10 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
transmit, via the control signaling, an indication of a timing offset between reference signals in each group of the plurality of groups.
11 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive, from one or more of the multiple UEs, a coherence report, capability information indicating that the multiple UEs support multiplexing, or both, wherein transmitting the control signaling is based at least in part on receiving the coherence report, the capability information, or both.
12 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions to transmit the control signaling are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
transmit a first control message comprising an indication of a plurality of schemes for distributing reference signals over the resources that are multiplexed to communicate the signals for the multiple UEs using the orthogonal cover codes, the plurality of schemes comprising the scheme; and
transmit a second control message indicating the scheme selected from the plurality of schemes for use.
13 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions to transmit the control signaling are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
de-orthogonal cover code the set of reference signals of each group of the of the plurality of groups of a first cluster of reference signals.
14 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to:
perform, for each cluster, a dot product for each row of a matrix of an orthogonal cover code corresponding to the one or more reference signals for the multiple UEs, each row of the matrix corresponding to a respective UE of the multiple UEs; and
generate, based at least in part on the dot product, a combined symbol for which the orthogonal cover code has been decoded for each group of each cluster by combining a quantity of symbols corresponding to a quantity of the multiple UEs for each group of each cluster.
15 . A method for wireless communications at a network entity, comprising:
transmitting control signaling comprising an indication of a scheme for distributing reference signals over resources that are multiplexed to communicate signals for multiple user equipments (UEs) using orthogonal cover codes, the scheme indicating a plurality of clusters of the reference signals, each cluster comprising a plurality of groups of the reference signals, each group comprising a set of reference signals associated with each UE of the multiple UEs; and
receiving one or more reference signals from the multiple UEs according to the scheme.
16 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
decoding an orthogonal cover code corresponding to the one or more reference signals for the multiple UEs based at least in part on receiving the one or more reference signals according to the scheme.
17 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
performing a carrier frequency offset estimation for each UE of the multiple UEs based at least in part on receiving the one or more reference signals and decoding an orthogonal cover code for each of the one or more reference signals.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein performing the carrier frequency offset estimation comprises:
generating a first carrier frequency offset estimate based at least in part on measuring a phase rotation between at least a first group and a second group of the plurality of groups within at least a first cluster of the plurality of clusters;
generating a second carrier frequency offset estimate based at least in part on measuring a phase rotation between at least the first group of the first cluster and a corresponding first group of a second cluster of the plurality of clusters and across at least the second group of the first cluster and a corresponding second group of the second cluster; and
generating a third carrier frequency offset estimate by applying a likelihood estimator to a carrier frequency offset value corresponding to the one or more reference signals compensated by the first carrier frequency offset estimate and the second carrier frequency offset estimate, wherein a total carrier frequency offset is based at least in part on the first carrier frequency offset estimate, the second carrier frequency offset estimate, and the third carrier frequency offset estimate.
19 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
compensating the one or more reference signals based at least in part on decoding an orthogonal cover code for each of the one or more reference signals and a carrier frequency offset estimate.
20 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
transmitting, via the control signaling, an indication of a quantity of the multiple UEs, an orthogonal cover code codeword corresponding to the orthogonal cover codes, or both.
21 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
transmitting, via the control signaling, an indication of a timing offset between reference signals in each group of the plurality of groups.
22 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
receiving, from one or more of the multiple UEs, a coherence report, capability information indicating that the multiple UEs support multiplexing, or both, wherein transmitting the control signaling is based at least in part on receiving the coherence report, the capability information, or both.
23 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
transmitting a first control message comprising an indication of a plurality of schemes for distributing reference signals over the resources that are multiplexed to communicate the signals for the multiple UEs using the orthogonal cover codes, the plurality of schemes comprising the scheme; and
transmitting a second control message indicating the scheme selected from the plurality of schemes for use.