Planar linear array for ultrasound
Examples herein include piezoelectric layers of an ultrasound transducer, ultrasound transducers, methods of manufacturing the transducers, and methods of manufacturing the piezoelectric layers of an ultrasound transducer. In one example, a piezoelectric layer of an ultrasound transducer include a non-metallic frame and a piezoelectric material. The non-metallic frame surrounds the piezoelectric material on at least two sides and is coupled to a lens support structure with a structure such that an acoustic lens and the piezoelectric material are oriented substantially parallel to each other. The piezoelectric material is sized to span an area greater than or equal to an active surface of the acoustic lens.
1 . A piezoelectric layer of an ultrasound transducer, the piezoelectric layer comprising:
a non-metallic frame; and
a piezoelectric material, the non-metallic frame surrounding the piezoelectric material on at least two sides, the non-metallic frame coupled to a lens support structure with a first structure such that an acoustic lens and the piezoelectric material are oriented substantially parallel to each other, the piezoelectric material sized to span an area greater than or equal to an active surface of the acoustic lens,
wherein the non-metallic frame comprises at least one cutout in one or more of the at least two sides of the non-metallic frame, wherein the at least one cutout in the one or more of the at least two sides is filled with conductive material and forms a portion of a ground path.
2 . The piezoelectric layer of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic frame comprises a ceramic.
3 . The piezoelectric layer of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cutout comprises a groove.
4 . The piezoelectric layer of claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric material comprises kerf cuts filled with a cured kerf fill material.
5 . The piezoelectric layer of claim 1 , further comprising a sputtered metallic layer on a surface of the piezoelectric material.
6 . The piezoelectric layer of claim 1 , wherein the at least two sides comprise four sides, and wherein the piezoelectric material is rectangular, trapezoid, ovaloid, ellipsoid, round, or square.
7 . The piezoelectric layer of claim 1 , wherein the first structure comprises a tapered structure.
8 . An ultrasound transducer, comprising:
a planar linear array stack, comprising:
a lens layer comprising an acoustic lens and a lens support structure; and
a piezoelectric layer comprising:
a non-metallic frame, wherein the non-metallic frame comprises at least one cutout in one or more of the at least two sides of the non-metallic frame, wherein the at least one cutout in the one or more of the at least two sides is filled with conductive material and forms a portion of a ground path;
a piezoelectric material, the non-metallic frame surrounding the piezoelectric material on at least two sides, the non-metallic frame coupled to the lens support structure with a first structure such that a portion of the acoustic lens and a portion of the non-metallic frame are oriented substantially parallel to each other, the piezoelectric material sized to span an area greater than or equal to an active surface of the acoustic lens; and
an overmould, and
the first structure to position one or more flex circuits, wherein the one or more flex circuits are coupled to the first structure, wherein the overmould is coupled between the one or more flex circuits and the piezoelectric material on a side of the piezoelectric material opposite the lens layer coupling to the piezoelectric layer, the overmould to secure the one or more flex circuits to the first structure.
9 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the lens support structure comprises a first bar and a second bar, wherein the first bar and the second bar are situated on opposing sides of the acoustic lens.
10 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the lens support structure comprises a frame that surrounds a perimeter of the acoustic lens.
11 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the lens support structure comprises ceramic.
12 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the acoustic lens comprises a curvature, wherein the curvature has an extremum on a line, the line parallel to the piezoelectric material in the planar linear array stack.
13 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the acoustic lens comprises a dielectric material.
14 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the first structure comprises a tapered structure.
15 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the non-metallic frame surrounding the piezoelectric material is bonded to an outer boundary of the piezoelectric material with a bonding agent.
16 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 15 , wherein the planar linear array stack includes a backing preform in contact with a portion of the one or more flex circuits.
17 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 16 , wherein the backing preform is coated with a conductive tape.
18 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 16 , wherein the planar linear array stack includes:
a bending spacer, wherein the bending spacer is positioned above the backing preform such that a portion of each flex circuit is perpendicular to the piezoelectric layer of the planar linear array stack.
19 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the planar linear array stack includes one or more matching layers between the lens layer and the piezoelectric layer.
20 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 19 , wherein the piezoelectric layer comprises electrodes on a surface proximate to the one or more matching layers.
21 . The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the planar linear array stack includes one or more flex registration strips attached to the one or more flex circuits, wherein at least one flex registration strip is positioned on the overmould by at least one flex locator tab.
22 . An ultrasound transducer, comprising:
a planar linear array stack, comprising:
a lens layer comprising a lens;
one or more matching layers between the lens layer and a piezoelectric layer; and
a piezoelectric layer comprising:
a non-metallic frame; and
a piezoelectric material, the non-metallic frame surrounding the piezoelectric material on at least two sides, the non-metallic frame coupled to a portion of the lens support structure with a first structure such that an acoustic lens and the non-metallic frame are oriented substantially parallel to each other, the piezoelectric material sized to span an area greater than or equal to an active surface of the acoustic lens, wherein the non-metallic frame comprises at least one cutout in one or more of the at least two sides of the non-metallic frame, wherein the at least one cutout in the one or more of the at least two sides is filled with conductive material and forms a portion of a ground path; and
the first structure to position one or more flex circuits, wherein the one or more flex circuits are coupled to the structure.