Chilled ammonia-based carbon dioxide abatement system with stacked sections
In an ammonia-based carbon dioxide capturing system sections of the system are stacked to form a single column and save civil works, footprint and components. Specifically, an ammonia regenerator, a carbon dioxide water wash section and an ammonia stripper are stacked to form a single column.
1 . A chilled ammonia-based carbon dioxide removal system comprising:
a direct contact cooler adapted to receive and cool a flue gas containing gaseous carbon dioxide;
a carbon dioxide absorber disposed downstream of and fluidly coupled to the direct contact cooler to receive the cooled flue gas from the direct contact cooler and to absorb the gaseous carbon dioxide from the flue gas via an ammonia-based CO2-lean solution to form an ammonia-based CO2-rich solution stream and a CO2-lean flue gas stream;
an ammonia water wash section fluidly coupled to the absorber and adapted to receive the CO2-lean flue gas stream from the carbon dioxide absorber and to absorb ammonia slip from the flue gas via a washing solution and form an ammonia-rich water stream;
a first stack comprising:
a regenerator fluidly coupled to the absorber and adapted to receive the ammonia-based CO2-rich solution stream from the carbon dioxide absorber, to release CO2 from the ammonia-based CO2-rich solution stream, and to return ammonia-based CO2-lean solution to the carbon dioxide absorber;
a CO2 water wash section adapted to receive gaseous carbon dioxide from the regenerator and absorb ammonia from the carbon dioxide stream via a washing solution and form an ammonia-rich water stream; and
an ammonia stripper adapted to receive the ammonia-rich water stream from the CO2 water wash section and from the ammonia water wash section and to remove ammonia from the ammonia-rich water streams and to return ammonia to the carbon dioxide absorber and ammonia-lean washing solution to the CO2 water wash section and the ammonia water wash section; and
a direct contact heater fluidly coupled to the ammonia water wash section and adapted to receive the ammonia-lean, CO2-lean flue gas from the ammonia water wash section, and to heat the flue gas prior to discharging the flue gas to atmosphere.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the CO2 water wash section is disposed between the regenerator and the ammonia stripper.
3 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second stack comprising the direct contact cooler, the ammonia water wash section, and the direct contact heater.
4 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second stack comprising the direct contact cooler, the ammonia water wash section, and the direct contact heater,
wherein the ammonia water wash section is disposed between the direct contact cooler and the direct contact heater.
5 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second stack comprising the direct contact heater.
6 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second stack comprising only the direct contact heater and the ammonia water wash section.
7 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second stack comprising only the ammonia water wash section and the direct contact cooler.
8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the regenerator is at the bottom of the first stack.
9 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia stripper is at the top of the first stack.
10 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the carbon dioxide water wash is adjacent the regenerator in the first stack.
11 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a pump coupled to the bottom of the direct contact cooler.
12 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a pump coupled to the bottom of the direct contact cooler and to the top of the direct contact heater.
13 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a water cooler in position to receive flow from the direct contact heater and direct flow to the direct contact cooler.
14 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first water cooler in position to receive flow from the direct contact heater; and
a second water cooler in position to receive flow from the first water cooler and to direct flow to the direct contact cooler.
15 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a heat exchanger coupled to receive flow from the bottom of the regenerator.
16 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the direct contact heater allows heat exchange between water and flue gas.
17 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a condenser dispose at the top of the first stack.
18 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a condenser dispose at the top of the first stack; and
a line connecting the condenser to the top of the direct contact heater.