Concrete mixture including solid carbon
Systems and methods are provided for forming concrete including a solid carbon product. The concrete formulation includes binders, aggregates, water, and at least 1% by weight solid carbon product. The solid carbon product includes less than 75% carbon by weight and greater than 25% ash by weight.
1 . A formulation for concrete, comprising:
a binder;
an aggregate;
water; and
at least 1 wt. % of a solid carbon product, the solid carbon product comprised of less than 75% carbon by weight and greater than 25% ash by weight, wherein the solid carbon product has a bulk density between 800 kg/m3 and 1000 kg/m3.
2 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the solid carbon product is a heat treated biogenic carbon source.
3 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the formulation has a global warming potential (GWP) value of equal to or less than zero and the GWP is calculated as weight of carbon and methane added to or diverted from a global atmosphere by physical sequestration.
4 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the solid carbon product conforms with requirements of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C494 Type S.
5 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the aggregate includes coarse aggregate comprised of particles sized greater than 1.8 mm and fine aggregate comprised of particle sized less than 9.5 mm.
6 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein a wt. % of the binder is between 4 wt. % and 20 wt. %, a wt. % of the solid carbon product is between 1 wt. % and 7 wt. %, and a wt. % of a fine aggregate is between 31 wt. % and 45 wt. %.
7 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the solid carbon product is less than 50% carbon by mass and greater than 50% ash by mass.
8 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the solid carbon product is less than 60% carbon by weight and an ash content of the solid carbon product includes greater than 50% by weight calcium oxides, silicates and aluminates.
9 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein a gradation of the solid carbon product conforms to ASTM C33.
10 . A formulation for concrete, comprising:
cementitious material including primary binder and secondary binder, wherein the secondary binder is between 40 wt. % and 70 wt. % of the cementitious material;
fine aggregate;
coarse aggregate;
water; and
between 1 wt. % and 7 wt. % of a solid carbon product, wherein the solid carbon product is less than 75% carbon by weight and greater than 25% ash by weight, and wherein the solid carbon product has a bulk density between 800 kg/m3 and 1000 kg/m3.
11 . The formulation of claim 10 , wherein the solid carbon product is non-inert when tested using a cement cube test that conforms to ASTM C109 and includes less than 3% elemental chlorine by weight.
12 . The formulation of claim 10 , wherein the solid carbon product is visible without magnification when a concrete formed from the formulation is polished.
13 . The formulation of claim 10 , wherein the solid carbon product is substituted for fine aggregates on an equal weight basis.
14 . The formulation of claim 10 , wherein an amount of water of the formulation may be absorbed by the solid carbon product and is available for hydration of the concrete.
15 . A formulation for concrete, comprising:
a binder;
an aggregate;
water; and
at least 1 wt. % of a solid carbon product, the solid carbon product comprised of less than 75% carbon by weight and greater than 25% ash by weight, wherein a bulk density of the solid carbon product is in a range of 600 kg/m 3 to 1000 kg/m 3 .