Engine system with combustion control for reducing combustion variations
To reduce regular combustion variations across combustion cycles, an engine control apparatus includes: an engine that has cylinders inside of which gas exchange is performed by opening and closing an intake valve and an exhaust valve for each cylinder, and that is operated by causing a plurality of the cylinders to sequentially execute combustion cycles; a combustion control device that is attached to the engine, and controls combustion in each of the plurality of cylinders; and a controller that controls the operation of the engine by outputting a control signal to the device, wherein the controller, before combustion in each of the plurality of cylinders, estimates state quantities of the cylinder based on a plant model of the engine which indicates regular combustion variations across the combustion cycles, and outputs to the combustion control device the control signal, which has been corrected based on the estimated state quantities.
1 . An engine system comprising:
an engine that has a plurality of cylinders in which gas exchange is performed by opening and closing an intake valve and an exhaust valve of each cylinder, and that is operated by causing the plurality of the cylinders to sequentially execute combustion cycles;
a combustion control device that is attached to the engine, and controls combustion in each of the plurality of cylinders; and
a controller that controls an operation of the engine by outputting a control signal to the combustion control device, wherein
the controller, before combustion in each of the plurality of cylinders, estimates, based on a plant model of the engine, the plant model indicating combustion variations having regularity across a plurality of the combustion cycles, state quantities of the cylinder, corrects the control signal based on the estimated state quantities, and outputs the control signal after correction to the combustion control device.
2 . The engine system according to claim 1 , wherein
the plant model is a model that estimates the state quantities of the cylinders for each combustion cycle, and
the controller estimates a temperature, an air amount, a burned gas amount, and a fuel amount as the state quantities of the cylinders, based on the plant model.
3 . The engine system according to claim 2 , wherein the plant model is a combined model of a physical model related to gas exchange in the cylinders and a statistical model related to combustion in the cylinders.
4 . The engine system according to claim 3 , further comprising:
a plurality of pressure sensors that are attached to the engine for each of the plurality of cylinders, and that output a signal corresponding to pressure in each cylinder to the controller, and
the controller estimates the state quantities of the cylinder in which combustion is performed next before the intake valve of that cylinder is closed, based on the plant model and a combustion state in the cylinder which is based on the signal from the pressure sensor.
5 . The engine system according to claim 4 , wherein the combustion state based on the signal from the pressure sensor includes an indicated mean effective pressure and a center of combustion.
6 . The engine system according to claim 4 , wherein
the combustion control device includes a plurality of injectors attached to the engine for each of the plurality of cylinders and that inject fuel to be supplied into each respective cylinder, and
the controller adjusts a fuel injection amount of each injector, based on the estimated state quantities for the corresponding cylinder.
7 . The engine system according to claim 6 , wherein
the injectors inject the fuel at least in an intake stroke before the intake valve is closed for each cylinder, and
the controller adjusts the fuel injection amount of the injectors in the intake stroke of each cylinder.
8 . The engine system according to claim 4 , wherein
the combustion control device includes an intake valvetrain that changes opening and closing timings of the intake valve for each cylinder, and
the controller adjusts the opening and closing timings of the intake valve for each cylinder, based on the estimated state quantities for each respective cylinder.
9 . The engine control apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein
the combustion control device includes a plurality of spark plugs that are attached to the engine for each of the plurality of cylinders and that ignite an air-fuel mixture in each cylinder, and
the controller adjusts an ignition timing of each spark plug, based on the estimated state quantities for each corresponding cylinder.
10 . The engine system according to claim 2 , wherein
the engine control apparatus comprises a plurality of pressure sensors that are attached to the engine for each of the plurality of cylinders, and that output a signal corresponding to pressure in each cylinder to the controller, and,
the controller estimates the state quantities of the cylinder in which combustion is performed next before the intake valve of that cylinder is closed, based on the plant model and a combustion state in the cylinder which is based on the signal from the pressure sensor.
11 . An engine control method, comprising:
estimating state quantities of each cylinder of an internal combustion engine before combustion in each respective cylinder, based on a plant model of the engine, the plant model indicating combustion variations having regularity across a plurality of combustion cycles;
correcting a control signal based on the estimated state quantities;
outputting the control signal after correction to a combustion control device.
12 . The engine control method of claim 11 , wherein
the estimating of the state quantities includes estimating the state quantities of each cylinder for each combustion cycle of the cylinder, and
the state quantities include a temperature, an air amount, a burned gas amount, and a fuel amount.
13 . The engine control method of claim 11 , wherein
the plant model is a combined model of a physical model related to gas exchange in the cylinders and a statistical model related to combustion in the cylinders.
14 . The engine control method of claim 13 , wherein
the estimating of the state quantities of the cylinder in which combustion is performed next is performed before an intake valve of that cylinder is closed, based on the plant model and a combustion state in the cylinder, which is based on a signal from a pressure sensor that measures pressure in that cylinder.
15 . The engine control method according to claim 14 , wherein the combustion state based on the signal from the pressure sensor includes an indicated mean effective pressure and a center of combustion.
16 . The engine control method according to claim 14 , further comprising:
adjusting a fuel injection amount of each of a plurality of injectors associated with each of the plurality of cylinders, based on the estimated state quantities for the corresponding cylinder.
17 . The engine control method according to claim 16 , wherein
the adjusting of the fuel injection amount of the injectors occurs in an intake stroke of each cylinder.
18 . The engine control method according to claim 14 , wherein
adjusting opening and closing timings of an intake valve for each cylinder, based on the estimated state quantities for each respective cylinder.
19 . The engine control apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein
adjusting an ignition timing of each of a plurality of spark plugs associated with the respective cylinders, based on the estimated state quantities for each corresponding cylinder.