Brake system with application in the automotive sector which does not generate polluting waste

1 . A brake system for automobiles, the brake system being electrically actuated and wherein the braking effect is produced on a rotation shaft, characterized in that the braking system comprises:

at least one piston actuated by means of a respective electric linear actuator through which the piston is able to move a certain distance forwards and backwards between a retracted release position and a final extended braking position;

a casing provided with a central through hole surrounded by an inner wall of the casing, adapted for integral coupling thereof to the rotation shaft, the walls of the casing forming a cavity laterally closed by a cover that extends in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft and provided with a hole for the rotation shaft to pass therethrough but without integral coupling thereto, the cover being provided with at least one opening in which the at least one piston is fitted, closing said opening, and the at least one piston having the ability to move forwards into the closed cavity and move backwards;

each respective electric actuator that actuates the at least one piston being fixedly coupled to the cover;

a filling, arranged occupying the entire closed cavity formed by the casing, the cover and the at least one piston;

the filling having the ability to rotate integrally with the casing;

the filling consisting of a dispersion or amalgam formed by a combination of a powdery or granular product, with a particle size comprised between 45 μm and 1 mm, with a lubricating agent present between 1% and 25% by weight with respect to the dispersion or amalgam;

the brake system when in a non-operating position, the rotation shaft is capable of rotating and the at least one piston being in a retracted release position and a front surface of the piston is oriented towards the closed cavity, and the front surface of the at least one piston is flush with the inner surface of the cover facing the closed cavity;

and when the brake system is in a progressive brake operating position, the at least one piston passes into extended braking positions wherein the front surface of the at least one piston progressively enters into the filling of the closed cavity, moving the filling until it is compressed in a final extended braking position;

the filling moving, occupying space of the cavity left by the at least one piston in the backward movement thereof when returning to the non-operating position;

the cavity being kept closed at all times by the at least one piston in any of the positions.

2 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the at least one piston is able to move from the retracted release position to the final extended braking position according to a direction parallel to a axial direction of the central through hole of the casing.

3 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterized that the at least one piston comprises at least two pistons, each piston actuated by means of a respective electric linear actuator of the linear actuators, fitted into the respective openings in the cover.

4 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the casing together with the cover is in a shape of a cylindrical disc or drum.

5 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that hardness of material of the casing and of the cover is greater than the hardness of the powdery or granular product of the dispersion or amalgam enclosed in its cavity.

6 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the powdery or granular product of the dispersion or amalgam is a metal powder, a mineral powder, a ceramic powder or a mixture thereof.

7 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the powdery or granular product of the dispersion or amalgam is mainly made up of one or more of components of the group consisting of iron powder, titanium powder, aluminium powder, hexagonal boron nitride powder, pressed graphite powder and ceramic powder.

8 . The brake system according to claim 7 , characterised in that the powdery or granular product of the dispersion or amalgam has a particle size comprised between 45 μm and 1 mm.

9 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the lubricating agent of the dispersion or amalgam is a perfluoropolyether oil or grease present between 2 and 8%, preferably 6%, by weight with respect to the dispersion or amalgam.

10 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the lubricating agent of the dispersion or amalgam is a polydimethylsiloxane fluid, oil or grease, present between 15 and 25%, preferably 20%, by weight with respect to the dispersion or amalgam.

11 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the lubricating agent of the dispersion or amalgam is a polydimethylsiloxane fluid, oil or grease which includes graphite powder.

12 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the casing is internally provided with drag elements in one or more of internal walls that make up the cavity and that extend inside the same, rods or spokes, the arrangement of which does not interfere with the movement of the piston or pistons inside the cavity.

13 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the casing is made of a magnetic material, a material that can be magnetised or is provided with permanent magnets, unlike the material or materials of the cover and the piston or pistons, and in that the powdery or granular product of the dispersion or amalgam is mainly made up of iron powder and/or ferrite powder of a particle size comprised between 45 μm and 1 mm.

14 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the brake system is part of a train brake.

15 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the brake system is part of a wind turbine brake.

16 . The brake system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the brake system is part of a machinery brake.