Secondary battery life evaluation apparatus and method
The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for secondary battery life evaluation. A state of charge (SOC) and a normal deterioration area for charge/discharge current of a secondary battery are established, the secondary battery is charged within the normal deterioration area of the secondary battery, an accelerated charging current is reduced as the SOC increases, the secondary battery is discharged within the normal deterioration area of the secondary battery, and an accelerated discharging current is reduced as the SOC decreases. Steps are repeated until a state of health (SOH) of the secondary battery reaches a reference SOH. By evaluating the accelerated life of the secondary battery within a normal deterioration range, the second battery life evaluation is highly reliable.
1 . A secondary battery life evaluation method comprising:
a first step in which a state of charge (SOC) and a normal deterioration area for charge/discharge current of a secondary battery are established, wherein the normal deterioration area decreases as the SOC increases such that in a state in which the SOC is high, the charge/discharge current is low, and in a state in which the SOC is low, the charge/discharge current is high;
a second step in which the secondary battery is charged within the normal deterioration area of the secondary battery and an accelerated charging current is reduced as the SOC increases; and
a third step in which the secondary battery is discharged within the normal deterioration area of the secondary battery and an accelerated discharging current is reduced as the SOC decreases,
wherein the second and third steps are repeated until a state of health (SOH) of the secondary battery reaches a reference SOH, and
wherein the accelerated charging current and the accelerated discharging current are maximum currents available within the normal deterioration area to shorten an evaluation period of the secondary battery.
2 . The secondary battery life evaluation method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the normal deterioration area is an area where the condition for generating a side reaction in the secondary battery is not satisfied.
3 . The secondary battery life evaluation method as recited in claim 2 , wherein the condition for generating a side reaction in the secondary battery satisfies both a first condition in which a difference between an electrical potential (φ s ) of an electrically active material and an electrical potential (φ e ) of an electrolyte is less than 0 V and a second condition in which the electrical potential (φ s ) of the electrically active material is less than 0 V.
4 . The secondary battery life evaluation method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the accelerated charging current decreases stepwise or slopewise.
5 . The secondary battery life evaluation method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the accelerated discharging current decreases stepwise or slopewise.
6 . The secondary battery life evaluation method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the accelerated charging current is 0.1 to 5 times a reference charging current.
7 . The secondary battery life evaluation method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the accelerated discharging current is 0.1 to 6 times a reference discharging current.
8 . The secondary battery life evaluation method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the reference SOH is 80% to 90%.
9 . The secondary battery life evaluation method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the second and third steps are repeated until a direct current internal resistance (DC-IR) of the secondary battery reaches 120% to 130%.
10 . A secondary battery life evaluation method comprising:
a first step in which a state of charge (SOC) and a normal deterioration area for charge/discharge current of a secondary battery are established;
a second step in which the secondary battery is charged within the normal deterioration area of the secondary battery and an accelerated charging current is reduced as the SOC increases; and
a third step in which the secondary battery is discharged within the normal deterioration area of the secondary battery and an accelerated discharging current is reduced as the SOC decreases,
wherein the second and third steps are repeated until a state of health (SOH) of the secondary battery reaches a reference SOH, and
wherein an acceleration factor of the secondary battery is calculated as DC-IR increase rate (%) divided by capacity degradation rate (%), and the calculated acceleration factor is 1.5 to 2.5.
11 . A secondary battery life evaluation apparatus comprising:
a control circuit;
a processor installed in the control circuit; and
a memory installed in the control circuit and operably connected to the processor, wherein the processor executes a program code stored in the memory to perform:
a first step in which a state of charge (SOC) and a normal deterioration area for charge/discharge current of a secondary battery are input to the apparatus, wherein the normal deterioration area decreases as the SOC increases such that in a state in which the SOC is high, the charge/discharge current is low, and in a state in which the SOC is low, the charge/discharge current is high;
a second step in which the secondary battery is charged within the normal deterioration area of the secondary battery, and an accelerated charging current is reduced as the SOC increases; and
a third step in which the secondary battery is discharged within the normal deterioration area of the secondary battery, and an accelerated discharging current is reduced as the SOC decreases,
and the processor is configured such that the second and third steps are repeated until a state of health (SOH) of the secondary battery reaches a reference SOH, and wherein the accelerated charging current and the accelerated discharging current are maximum currents available within the normal deterioration area to shorten an evaluation period of the secondary battery.
12 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein the normal deterioration area is an area where the condition for generating a side reaction in the secondary battery is not satisfied.
13 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the condition for generating a side reaction in the secondary battery satisfies both a first condition in which a difference between an electrical potential (φ s ) of an electrically active material and an electrical potential (φ e ) of an electrolyte is less than 0 V and a second condition in which the electrical potential (φ s ) of the electrically active material is less than 0 V.
14 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein the accelerated charging current decreases stepwise or slopewise.
15 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein the accelerated discharging current decreases stepwise or slopewise.
16 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein the accelerated charging current is 2 to 5 times a reference charging current.
17 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein the accelerated discharging current is 2 to 6 times a reference discharging current.
18 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein the reference SOH is 80% to 90%.
19 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein the second and third steps are repeated until a DC-IR of the secondary battery reaches 120% to 130%.
20 . The secondary battery life evaluation apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein an acceleration factor (AF) of the secondary battery is calculated by DC-IR increase rate (%) divided by capacity degradation rate (%), and the calculated acceleration factor is 1.5 to 2.5.