Wear leveling method, solid-state drive and storage medium

1 . A wear leveling method for a solid-state drive, comprising:

determining, according to a mapping relationship, an identifier of a first target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-written zone in response to receiving a data write command issued by a host drive unit, wherein the data write command carries the identifier of the to-be-written zone determined by the host drive unit and to-be-written data, the mapping relationship comprises one or more entries, wherein each entry includes an identifier of an alternate zone corresponding to an identifier of a target zone, and the alternate zone of each target zone is a zone of the solid-state drive with fewest programmed/erased cycles, wherein each target zone in the mapping relationship has non-fewest programmed/erased cycles; and

writing the to-be-written data to the first target zone.

2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein before the determining, according to a mapping relationship, an identifier of a first target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-written zone, the method further comprises:

receiving a zone opening command from the host drive unit, wherein the zone opening command carries the identifier of the to-be-written zone;

determining, according to the zone opening command, the zone with the fewest programmed/erased cycles from the plurality of zones of the solid-state drive as the first target zone; and

recording the identifier of the to-be-written zone and the identifier of the first target zone into the mapping relationship.

3 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

acquiring a second target zone with fewest programmed/erased cycles in the solid-state drive, wherein the second target zone is a valid zone; and

in response to a determination that a difference between an average number of programmed/erased cycles of all the plurality of zones of the solid-state drive and a number of programmed/erased cycles of the second target zone is larger than a threshold, migrating data in the second target zone to a third target zone with the fewest programmed/erased cycles, and labeling the second target zone as idle, wherein the third target zone is an idle zone.

4 . The method according to claim 3 , further comprising:

updating the identifier of the second zone to an identifier of the third target zone in the mapping relationship.

5 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

determining, according to the mapping relationship, an identifier of a fourth target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-erased zone in response to receiving a data erase command issued by the host drive unit; and

erasing data in the fourth target zone, and labeling the fourth target zone as idle.

6 . The method according to claim 5 , further comprising:

deleting a correspondence relationship between the identifier of the to-be-erased zone and the identifier of the fourth target zone from the mapping relationship.

7 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

determining an identifier of a fifth target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-read zone from the mapping relationship in response to receiving a data read command issued by the host drive unit, wherein the data read command carries the identifier of the to-be-read zone; and

reading data from the fifth target zone, and sending the data to the host drive unit.

8 . A solid-state drive (SSD), comprising:

a plurality of zones;

a mapping relationship; and

an SSD controller,

wherein the SSD controller is configured to:

determine, according to the mapping relationship, an identifier of a first target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-written zone in response to receiving a data write command issued by a host drive unit, wherein the data write command carries the identifier of the to-be-written zone determined by the host drive unit and to-be-written data, the mapping relationship comprises one or more entries, wherein each entry includes an identifier of an alternate zone corresponding to an identifier of a target zone, and the alternate zone of each target zone is a zone of the solid-state drive with fewest programmed/erased cycles, wherein each target zone in the mapping relationship has non-fewest programmed/erased cycles; and

write the to-be-written data to the first target zone.

9 . The SSD according to claim 8 , wherein before determining, according to a mapping relationship, an identifier of a first target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-written zone, the SSD controller is further configured to:

receive a zone opening command from the host drive unit, wherein the zone opening command carries the identifier of the to-be-written zone;

determine, according to the zone opening command, the zone with the fewest programmed/erased cycles from the plurality of zones of the solid-state drive as the first target zone; and

record the identifier of the to-be-written zone and the identifier of the first target zone into the mapping relationship.

10 . The SSD according to claim 8 , wherein the SSD controller is further configured to:

acquire a second target zone with fewest programmed/erased cycles in the solid-state drive, wherein the second target zone is a valid zone; and

in response to a determination that a difference between an average number of programmed/erased cycles of all the plurality of zones of the solid-state drive and a number of programmed/erased cycles of the second target zone is larger than a threshold, migrate data in the second target zone to a third target zone with the fewest programmed/erased cycles, and label the second target zone as idle, wherein the third target zone is an idle zone.

11 . The SSD according to claim 10 , wherein the SSD controller is further configured to:

update the identifier of the second zone to an identifier of the third target zone in the mapping relationship.

12 . The SSD according to claim 8 , wherein the SSD controller is further configured to:

determine, according to the mapping relationship, an identifier of a fourth target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-erased zone in response to receiving a data erase command issued by the host drive unit; and

erase data in the fourth target zone, and label the fourth target zone as idle.

13 . The SSD according to claim 12 , wherein the SSD controller is further configured to:

delete a correspondence relationship between the identifier of the to-be-erased zone and the identifier of the fourth target zone from the mapping relationship.

14 . The SSD according to claim 8 , wherein the SSD controller is further configured to:

determine an identifier of a fifth target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-read zone from the mapping relationship in response to receiving a data read command issued by the host drive unit, wherein the data read command carries the identifier of the to-be-read zone; and

read data from the fifth target zone, and send the data to the host drive unit.

15 . A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, storing computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by a processor, are configured to implement a wear leveling method, and the wear leveling comprises:

determining, according to a mapping relationship, an identifier of a first target zone corresponding to an identifier of a to-be-written zone in response to receiving a data write command issued by a host drive unit, wherein the data write command carries the identifier of the to-be-written zone determined by the host drive unit and to-be-written data, the mapping relationship comprises one or more entries, wherein each entry includes an identifier of an alternate zone corresponding to an identifier of a target zone, and the alternate zone of each target zone is a zone of the solid-state drive with fewest programmed/erased cycles, wherein each target zone in the mapping relationship has non-fewest programmed/erased cycles; and

writing the to-be-written data to the first target zone.