Antenna device, rectifier circuit, power supply device, and electronic device
Provided is an antenna device including an antenna unit including a rectifier circuit that receives electric field energy of a radio wave and a quasi-electrostatic field in a space and rectifies an AC signal into a direct current, the antenna unit including a first antenna element used in contact with a human body and a second antenna element that is a conductor different from the first antenna element and provided not to be in contact with the human body in a state where the human body is not grounded to a ground that is earth, in which an input line output to the rectifier circuit from the first antenna element used in contact with the human body of the AC signal output from the antenna unit is connected in series to the rectifier circuit.
1 . An antenna device, comprising:
an antenna unit including a rectifier circuit that receives electric field energy of a radio wave or a quasi-electrostatic field in a space and rectifies an AC signal into a direct current, the antenna unit including a first antenna element that is a conductor to be used in contact with a human body and a second antenna element that is a conductor different from the first antenna element and provided not to be in contact with the human body in a state where the human body is not grounded to a ground that is earth,
wherein an input line output to the rectifier circuit from the first antenna element used in contact with the human body of the AC signal output from the antenna unit is connected in series to the rectifier circuit.
2 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein a contact surface of the first antenna element with the human body includes a conductor electrode including any one or a combination of gold, silver, aluminum, copper, iron, nickel, an alloy, a conductive resin, and a conductive rubber.
3 . The antenna device according to claim 2 , wherein the electrode is coated with a resin.
4 . The antenna device according to claim 2 , wherein the electrode has a pin shape, a hemispherical shape, an uneven shape, or a planar shape according to a shape of a device to be used.
5 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein the second antenna element is a conductor such as copper, and includes a ground of a circuit board of a receiver, a pattern different from the ground on the board, or a conductor that is not in contact with the human body.
6 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a separation circuit that frequency-separates the AC signal input from the antenna unit; and
a plurality of rectifier circuits that rectifies the AC signal separated by the separation circuit.
7 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein the second antenna element and the ground of the earth are capacitively coupled to each other.
8 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein the antenna device receives an electric field generated when a human body walks.
9 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein a contact surface of a case to the human body other than a contact portion includes an insulating material.
10 . A power supply device in the antenna device according to claim 1 , the power supply device comprising a capacitance that charges power of a rectified DC waveform, the power supply device including a mechanism for charging a storage battery when a level of the capacitance becomes constant, wherein in a case where the human body touches a grounded object, the power supply device monitors a state, senses a decrease in a capacity, opens a switch provided in the antenna device, and prevents a decrease in stored power.
11 . The power supply device according to claim 10 , wherein the capacity is periodically checked, and connection of the switch provided in the first antenna element connected to the human body is turned on and off.
12 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a forward current when a forward voltage of a diode of the rectifier circuit is applied and a reverse current when a voltage is applied in a reverse direction is at least 4700 times or more.
13 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein a resistance value obtained using a reverse current in the rectifier circuit when 10 V is applied in a reverse direction of a diode for rectification to take in electric field energy of a radio wave or a quasi-electrostatic field (near field) in a space is 1.4 MΩ2 or more.
14 . The antenna device according to claim 13 , wherein the diode includes silicon.
15 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein the antenna device includes a high-resistance sensor of 2 MΩ or more measuring the output of said rectifier circuit.
16 . The antenna device according to claim 15 , wherein the device analyzes data measured by the high-resistance sensor and obtains a physical condition of a human body.
17 . The antenna device according to claim 15 , wherein the device analyzes data measured by the high-resistance sensor and performs personal authentication.
18 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of instances of the antenna device are provided, and wherein the plurality of antenna devices are connected in series.
19 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of antenna devices according to claim 1 are provided, and wherein the plurality of antenna devices are connected in parallel.
20 . An electronic device, comprising:
an antenna unit including a rectifier circuit that receives electric field energy of a radio wave or a quasi-electrostatic field (near field) in a space and rectifies an AC signal into a direct current, the antenna unit including a first antenna element that is a conductor to be used in contact with a human body and a second antenna element that is a conductor different from the first antenna element and provided not to be in contact with the human body in a state where the human body is not grounded to a ground that is earth,
wherein an input line output to the rectifier circuit from the first antenna element used in contact with the human body of the AC signal output from the antenna unit is connected in series to the rectifier circuit;
an energy storage device charged by an output of the rectifier circuit; and
a communication unit that uses an output of the energy storage device as a power supply.