Ventilation structure for BIPV modules
The present invention relates to a novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules, which comprises photovoltaic modules matched with a building wall, the back of the photovoltaic modules is installed on the facade of the building wall in parallel through a plurality of steel columns, a ventilation gap is formed between the photovoltaic modules and the building wall, an air inlet passage for forming a constricted air inlet is transversely inserted in the bottom of the ventilation gap, and an air outlet chimney as an air outlet is longitudinally inserted in the top of the ventilation gap. The air duct between the photovoltaic modules and the building wall is modified, the natural convection in the ventilation gap can be accelerated to a high wind speed level similar to that of forced convection without requiring any mechanical fan device, enhancing the ventilation cooling of the BIPV modules without increasing power consumption.
1 . A novel ventilation structure for building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) modules, comprising photovoltaic modules matched with a building wall, an air inlet passage, and an air outlet chimney, wherein:
a back of the photovoltaic modules is installed on a facade of the building wall in parallel through a plurality of steel columns;
the photovoltaic modules and the building wall cooperatively define a ventilation gap, wherein the air inlet passage is disposed out of the ventilation gap and mounted to a bottom of the ventilation gap, the air outlet chimney is disposed out of the ventilation gap and mounted to a top of the ventilation gap, and the air inlet passage, the ventilation gap, and the air outlet chimney are in communication with one another to enable an airflow to flow through the air inlet passage, the ventilation gap, and the air outlet chimney in sequence; and
a length L of a top surface of the air inlet passage is 0.5 m to 2 m, a height H of an opening of the air inlet passage is 0.2 m to 0.8 m, a width of the ventilation gap is less than 0.08 m, and a ratio of the height of the opening of the air inlet passage to the width of the ventilation gap is 2.5 to 10.
2 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 1 , wherein a bottom surface of the air inlet passage makes an included angle of 20° to 70° with the ground at a bottom of the building wall.
3 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 2 , wherein a end surface at the opening of the air inlet passage is sealed with an air inlet grille, which is provided with a plurality of through holes distributed in an array, and a longitudinal section of each through hole is of a flared structure and constricted inward.
4 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 2 , wherein a plurality of additional air inlets capable of forming constricted air inlets are longitudinally and equidistantly arranged on the photovoltaic modules.
5 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 4 , wherein a length of the additional air inlet is less than 0.1 m, a height of a port of the additional air inlet is 0.2 m to 0.4 m, and the ratio of a height of the port of the additional air inlet to the width of the ventilation gap is 2.5 to 5.
6 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 4 , wherein a bottom edge of an inner port of the additional air inlet is provided with a wind deflector inclined upward, a inclination angle of which is 20° to 70°.
7 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 1 , wherein an air outlet passage of the air outlet chimney adopts an enlarged air outlet design, and a longitudinal section of the air outlet passage is of a flared structure and constricted inward.
8 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 7 , wherein a chimney hood which is of a conical structure is suspended over a top opening of the air outlet passage through supports.
9 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 1 , wherein the air outlet passage of the air outlet chimney adopts a half-enlarged air outlet design, and a longitudinal section of the air outlet passage is of a half-flared structure and constricted inward.
10 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 9 , wherein a chimney hood which is of a conical structure is suspended over a top opening of the air outlet passage through supports.
11 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 9 , wherein the air outlet passage has an inner straight wall and an inner inclined wall opposite the inner straight wall, wherein the inner inclined wall is closer to the building wall than the inner straight wall, and a height of the inner straight wall is greater than the inner inclined wall.
12 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 11 , wherein a distance between any adjacent two additional air inlets among the plurality of additional air inlets is 5 m to 8 m.
13 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 1 , wherein each of the photovoltaic modules is any of a silicon solar module, a copper indium gallium selenide thin-film solar module, a cadmium telluride thin-film solar module, an organic photovoltaic thin-film solar module, a perovskite thin-film solar module, a dye-sensitized solar module, and an intrinsic heterojunction thin-film solar module.
14 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 1 , wherein the air inlet passage is mounted to both the building wall and the ventilation gap during ventilation, and the air outlet chimney is mounted to both the building wall and the ventilation gap during ventilation.
15 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 1 , wherein the air inlet passage extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the ventilation gap extends, and the air outlet chimney extends in a direction substantially parallel to the direction in which the ventilation gap extends.
16 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of claim 1 , wherein the building wall is fixed to the ground, and the air inlet passage is placed on the ground.