Patient-specific surgical devices, system, and methods
A surgical device includes a body having a first side with a first surface that is complementary to a surface of a foreign object disposed within a patient based on preoperative imaging of the patient. The body defines at least one hole positioned relative to the body to facilitate insertion of an elongate device at a predetermined location relative to the foreign object.
1 . A surgical device suitable for performing a revision of a prior surgical location in a patient comprising:
a patient-specific locator device having a body extending from an inferior portion to a superior portion and having a first side and an opposed second side, the first side including a first surface that is complementary to a surface of an object selected from the group consisting of bone cement, a bone graft, one or more of tibial components, talar components, stem components, plates, screws, or other components of an orthopedic prosthesis that is configured to be disposed within a patient at a location determined by preoperative imaging of the patient, and a second surface that is complementary to a first bone and a first cartilaginous surface of the patient, and a third surface that is complementary to a second bone and a second cartilaginous surface of the patient, the inferior portion of the body defining a first pair of holes, and the superior portion of the body defining a second pair of holes, wherein the body is sized and configured to extend across a joint formed between the first bone and the second bone such that the first pair of holes is configured to guide a first pair of k-wires into the first bone of the joint, and the second pair of holes is configured to guide a second pair of k-wires into the second bone of the joint.
2 . The surgical device of claim 1 , wherein the first bone is different from the second bone.
3 . The surgical device of claim 1 , wherein the body defines an opening located between the first pair of holes and the second pair of holes.
4 . The surgical device of claim 1 , wherein the second side of the body includes a tab outwardly projecting from a base, the tab defining a hole sized and configured to receive a radiopaque object.
5 . A system for revision of a surgical implant comprising:
a patient-specific surgical locator device, the surgical locator device including a body extending from an inferior portion to a superior portion and having a first side and an opposed second side, the first side including a first surface that is complementary to a surface of an object selected from the group consisting of bone cement, a bone graft, one or more of tibial components, talar components, stem components, plates, screws, or other components of an orthopedic prosthesis that is configured to be disposed within a patient at a location determined by preoperative imaging of the patient, and a second surface that is complementary to a first bone and a first cartilaginous surface of the patient, and a third surface that is complementary to a second bone and a second cartilaginous surface of the patient, the inferior portion of the body defining a first pair of holes and the superior portion of the body defining a second pair of holes, wherein the body is sized and configured to extend across a joint formed between the first bone and the second bone such that the first pair of holes is configured to guide a first pair of k-wires into the first bone of the joint, and the second pair of holes is configured to guide a second pair of k-wires into the second bone of the joint; and
a first guide defining a pair of holes each sized and configured to receive a k-wire for locating the first guide relative to the object.
6 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the body of the surgical locator device further defines a third pair of holes disposed at a distance from the first pair of holes, the third pair of holes positioned to facilitate insertion of the second pair of k-wires at a second predetermined location in at least one of the second bone, the second cartilaginous surface, and the object.
7 . The system of claim 6 , further comprising a second guide defining a fourth pair of holes that are sized and configured to receive the second pair of k-wires for locating the second guide relative to at least one of the second bone, the second cartilaginous surface, and the object.
8 . The system of claim 6 , wherein the third pair of holes are defined by the inferior portion of the body of the surgical locator device.
9 . The system of claim 8 , wherein the body of the surgical locator device defines an opening located between the first pair of holes and the third pair of holes.
10 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the second side of the body includes a tab outwardly projecting from a base, the tab defining a hole sized and configured to receive a radiopaque object.
11 . A system for performing a surgical revision, comprising:
a patient-specific locator device having a body extending from an inferior portion to a superior portion and having a first side and an opposed second side, the first side including a first surface that is configured to conform to an object selected from the group consisting of bone cement, a bone graft, one or more of tibial components, talar components, stem components, plates, screws, or other components of an orthopedic prosthesis that is configured to be disposed within a patient at a location determined by preoperative imaging of the patient, a second surface that is complementary to at least one of a first bone of a joint and a first cartilaginous surface of the patient, and a third surface that is complementary to at least one of a second bone of the joint and a second cartilaginous surface of the patient; the inferior portion of the body defining a first pair of holes, and the superior portion of the body defining a second pair of holes, wherein the body is sized and configured to extend across the joint formed between at least the first and second bones such that the first pair of holes is configured to guide a first pair of k-wires into the first bone of the joint, and the second pair of holes is configured to guide a second pair of k-wires into the second bone of the joint; and a first guide defining at least one hole sized and configured to receive a guide k-wire for locating the first guide relative to the object.
12 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the body includes a tab extending outwardly from the second side, the tab defining a tab-hole that is perpendicularly aligned with at least one of the first pair of holes and the second pair of holes.
13 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the tab-hole is sized and configured to receive a radiopaque object therein.
14 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the body of the surgical locator device defines a third pair of holes disposed at a distance from the first pair of holes, the third pair of holes positioned relative to the body of the surgical locator device to facilitate insertion of the second pair of k-wires at a second predetermined location in at least one of the second bone, the second cartilaginous surface, and the object.
15 . The system of claim 14 , further comprising a second guide defining a fourth pair of holes that are sized and configured to receive the second pair of guide k-wires for locating the second guide relative to at least one of the second bone, the second cartilaginous surface, and the object.
16 . The system of claim 15 , the third pair of holes are defined by the superior portion of the body of the surgical locator device.
17 . The system of claim 16 , wherein the body of the surgical locator device defines an opening located between the first pair of holes and the third pair of holes.
18 . A method for performing a surgical revision, comprising:
establishing access to a joint of a patient;
placing a patient-specific surgical locator device in contact with the joint, the surgical locator device having a body extending from an inferior portion to a superior portion and having a first side and an opposed second side, such that a first surface of the first side of the surgical locator device contacts at least a portion of an object selected from the group consisting of bone cement, a bone graft, one or more of tibial components, talar components, stem components, plates, screws, or other components of an orthopedic prosthesis that is disposed within a patient at a location determined by preoperative imaging of the joint and further wherein the first surface of the surgical locator device is complementary to the portion of the object based on the preoperative imaging, a second surface of the first side contacts a first bone of the joint and a first cartilaginous surface of the patient, and a third surface of the first side contacts a second bone of the joint and a second cartilaginous surface of the patient, and wherein the body extends across the joint formed between the first bone and the second bone;
inserting a first pair of k-wires through a first pair of holes defined in the inferior portion of the body into the first bone of the joint;
inserting a second pair of k-wires through a second pair of holes defined in the superior portion of the body into the second bone of the joint; and
locating a first guide relative to the object by receiving a k-wire through at least one hole defined in the first guide.
19 . The method of claim 18 , further comprising:
removing the surgical locator device from its engagement with the joint; and
sliding a second surgical device along the first pair of k-wires to locate the second surgical device relative to the joint.
20 . The method of claim 18 , wherein placing the surgical locator device in contact with the joint includes:
placing the second surface of the surgical locator device in contact with a portion of the first bone and the first cartilaginous surface, the second surface of the surgical locator device being complementary to the portion of the first bone and the first cartilaginous surface based on the preoperative imaging; and
placing the third surface of the surgical locator device in contact with a portion of the second bone and the second cartilaginous surface, the third surface of the surgical locator device being complementary to the portion of the second bone and the second cartilaginous surface based on the preoperative imaging.