Circular economy for plastic waste to polyethylene and base oil via refinery hydrocracking unit
Provided is a continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polyethylene polymerization. The process comprises selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene and preparing a blend of petroleum and the selected plastic. The amount of plastic in the blend comprises no more than 20 wt. % of the blend. The blend is passed to a refinery hydrocracking unit. A liquid petroleum gas C 3 -C 4 olefin/paraffin mixture, and optionally naphtha, is recovered from the hydrocracking unit and passed to a steam cracker to make ethylene. A heavy fraction can also be recovered from the hydrocracking unit and passed to an isomerization dewaxing unit to prepare base oil.
1 . A continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polyethylene polymerization comprising:
(a) selecting waste plastics comprising polyethylene and/or polypropylene;
(b) preparing a homogeneous liquid blend of petroleum and the selected waste plastic with the blend comprising less than 20 wt. % of the selected waste plastic by mixing the petroleum and waste plastic in a preparation unit;
(c) passing the blend at a temperature above the melting point of the waste plastic in the blend directly to a refinery hydrocracking unit for cracking over a cracking catalyst;
(d) recovering a liquid petroleum gas C 3 -C 4 olefin/paraffin mixture from the hydrocracking unit; and
(e) passing the C 3 -C 4 mixture to a steam cracker to make ethylene.
2 . The process of claim 1 , wherein a naphtha stream is also recovered from the hydrocracking unit, and at least a portion is passed to the steam cracker as feed to make ethylene.
3 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the blend of (b) is a hot homogeneous blend of waste plastic and petroleum oil.
4 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the blend of (b) is a stable blend of waste plastic and petroleum oil.
5 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the ethylene is polymerized to polyethylene.
6 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the waste plastics selected in (a) comprise plastics from classification group 2, 4, and/or 5.
7 . The process of claim 1 , wherein a gasoline is recovered from the refinery hydrocracking unit and is sent to a gasoline blending pool.
8 . The process of claim 2 , wherein a portion of the naphtha stream recovered from the hydrocracking unit is further processed in the refinery to clean gasoline, diesel, or jet fuel.
9 . The process of claim 8 , wherein jet fuel is recovered from the further processing in the refinery.
10 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the volume flow of the blend to the refinery hydrocracking unit in (c) comprises up to 100 vol. % of the total hydrocarbon flow to the hydrocracking unit.
11 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the volume flow of the blend to the refinery hydrocracking unit in (c) comprises up to 50 vol. % of the total hydrocarbon flow to the hydrocracking unit.
12 . The process of claim 11 , wherein the blend flow comprises up to 25 vol. % of the total flow to the hydrocracking unit.
13 . The process of claim 4 , wherein the blend of petroleum and selected waste plastic in (b) is prepared by heating the waste plastic above the melting point of the plastic and mixing with the petroleum, and then cooling the blend to a temperature below the melting point of the waste plastic.
14 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the petroleum in the blend comprises atmospheric gas oil, vacuum gas oil (VGO), atmospheric residue, a petroleum derived oil, a petroleum based material, and/or heavy stock recovered from refinery operations.
15 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the petroleum in the blend comprises light cycle oil (LCO), heavy cycle oil (HCO), FCC naphtha, gasoline, diesel, toluene, and/or aromatic solvent derived from petroleum.
16 . The process of claim 1 , wherein a heavy fraction is recovered from the hydrocracking unit and passed to an isomerization/dewaxing unit.
17 . The process of claim 16 , wherein a base oil is recovered from the isomerization/dewaxing unit.
18 . The process of claim 17 , where the recovered base oil is passed to a hydrofinishing unit.
19 . The process of claim 16 , wherein a naphtha fraction is recovered from the isomerization/dewaxing unit, and at least a portion of the naphtha fraction is passed to the steam cracker to make ethylene.
20 . A process for converting waste plastic into chemicals useful in preparing polyethylene, comprising:
(a) selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene;
(b) preparing a homogeneous liquid blend of petroleum and the selected waste plastic, with the blend comprising less than 20 wt. % of the selected plastic by mixing the petroleum and waste plastic in a preparation unit; and
(c) passing the blend prepared in (b) at a temperature above the melting point of the waste plastic directly to a refinery hydrocracking unit for cracking over a cracking catalyst.
21 . A continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for preparation of base oil comprising:
(a) selecting waste plastics comprising polyethylene and/or polypropylene;
(b) preparing a homogeneous liquid blend of petroleum and the selected waste plastic with the blend comprising less than 20 wt. % of the selected waste plastic by mixing the petroleum and waste plastic in a preparation unit;
(c) passing the blend prepared in (b) at a temperature above the melting point of the plastic in the blend directly to a refinery hydrocracking unit for cracking over a cracking catalyst;
(d) recovering a heavy fraction from the hydrocracking unit and passing the heavy fraction to a refinery isomerization/dewaxing unit; and
(e) recovering base oil from the isomerization dewaxing unit.
22 . The process of claim 21 , wherein the base oil recovered in (e) is passed to a hydrofinishing unit, from which is recovered a hydrofinished base oil.
23 . A continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for preparation of lower carbon footprint fuels and base oil comprising:
(a) selecting waste plastics comprising polyethylene and/or polypropylene;
(b) preparing a homogeneous liquid blend of petroleum and the selected waste plastic with the blend comprising less than 20 wt. % of the selected waste plastic by mixing the petroleum and waste plastic in a preparation unit;
(c) passing the blend prepared in (b) at a temperature above the melting point of the plastic in the blend directly to a refinery hydrocracking unit for cracking over a cracking catalyst;
(d) recovering a heavy fraction from the hydrocracking unit and passing the heavy fraction to a refinery isomerization/dewaxing unit; and
(e) recovering base oil from the isomerization dewaxing unit, and
recovering fractions from the hydrocracking unit to prepare lower carbon footprint fuels which include gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, and/or marine off.
24 . A continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polyethylene polymerization comprising:
(a) selecting waste plastics comprising polyethylene and/or polypropylene;
(b) preparing a blend of petroleum and the selected waste plastic in a preparation unit with the blend comprising less than 20 wt. % of the selected waste plastic by heating the waste plastic above the melting point of the plastic and mixing with petroleum, and then cooling the blend to a temperature below the melting point of the waste plastic;
(c) heating the blend prepared in (b) to a temperature above the melting point of the plastic to create a homogeneous liquid blend and then passing the blend from the preparation unit at a temperature above the melting point of the plastic directly to a refinery hydrocracking unit;
(d) recovering a liquid petroleum gas C 3 -C 4 olefin/paraffin mixture from the hydrocracking unit; and
(e) passing the C 3 -C 4 mixture to a steam cracker to make ethylene.
25 . The process of claim 24 , wherein the blend in (b) is stored, and then heated upon collection from storage to a temperature above the melting point of the plastic to create a homogeneous liquid blend, which blend is then passed at a temperature above the melting point of the plastic to a refinery hydrocracking unit.