Heat integration with pyrolysis oil and a heat transfer medium for chemical facilities
A heat integration process and system for a chemical recycling facility is provided that can lower the carbon footprint and global warming potential of the facility. More particularly, one or more heat transfer media may be used to recover heat energy from a waste plastic pyrolysis effluent and redistribute the recovered heat energy throughout the chemical recycling facility. Furthermore, at least a portion of the pyrolysis oil produced by the pyrolysis process may be used to liquefy at least a portion of the waste plastics. Thus, the global warming potential of the chemical recycling facility may be optimized and lowered due to the heat integration process and system herein.
1 . A chemical recycling process, the process comprising:
(a) providing a liquification vessel, a pyrolysis reactor, and a heat transfer medium loop comprising a heat transfer medium (HTM);
(b) liquifying a solid waste plastic in the liquification vessel to thereby form a liquefied waste plastic;
(c) pyrolyzing at least a portion of the liquefied waste plastic in the pyrolysis reactor to thereby form a pyrolysis effluent;
(d) separating at least a portion of the pyrolysis effluent to form a pyrolysis oil and a residual pyrolysis effluent comprising pyrolysis gas;
(e) beating the HTM within the heat transfer medium loop via indirect heat exchange using heat energy from the pyrolysis effluent and/or the residual pyrolysis effluent, thereby making a heated HTM;
(f) contacting at least a portion of the pyrolysis oil with the solid waste plastic in the liquification vessel;
(g) directing, via the beat transfer medium loop, at least a portion of the heated HTM to an inlet of one or more additional heat transfer medium loops; and
(h) using indirect heat exchange to preheat, via the heated HTM within the one or more additional heat transfer medium loops, at least a portion of the solid waste plastic upstream of the liquification vessel, at least a portion of the solid waste plastic in the liquification vessel, and/or the liquefied waste plastic upstream of the pyrolysis reactor.
2 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the making of step (e) comprises making the heated HTM via indirect heat exchange with the pyrolysis effluent, wherein the making of step (e) occurs prior to the separating of step (d).
3 . The process according to claim 2 , wherein the HTM comprises a non- aqueous fluid.
4 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the heated HTM has a temperature of at least 270° C.
5 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the making of step (e) comprises making the heated HTM via indirect heat exchange with the pyrolysis effluent and the residual pyrolysis effluent.
6 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the separating of step (d) comprises:
(i) separating at least a portion of the pyrolysis effluent into the pyrolysis oil and a first residual pyrolysis effluent comprising the pyrolysis gas, and
(ii) separating at least a portion of the first residual pyrolysis effluent into a second pyrolysis oil and a second residual pyrolysis effluent comprising the pyrolysis gas, wherein the residual pyrolysis effluent in the making of step (e) comprises the first residual pyrolysis effluent and/or the second residual pyrolysis effluent.
7 . The process according to claim 6 , wherein the separating of step (d) further comprises separating at least a portion of the second residual pyrolysis effluent to thereby form a third pyrolysis oil and a pyrolysis gas stream comprising the pyrolysis gas.
8 . The process according to claim 7 , wherein the making of step (e) comprises making the heated HTM via indirect heat exchange with the pyrolysis effluent, the residual pyrolysis effluent, and the pyrolysis gas stream.
9 . The process according to claim 7 , further comprising:
(i) providing a second HTM;
(ii) making a heated second HTM via indirect heat exchange with the pyrolysis effluent, the first residual pyrolysis effluent, the second residual pyrolysis effluent, and/or the pyrolysis gas stream; and
(iii) preheating, via indirect heat exchange with the heated second HTM, at least a portion of the solid waste plastics upstream of the liquification vessel, at least a portion of the solid waste plastics in the liquification vessel, and/or at least a portion of the liquefied waste plastic upstream of the pyrolysis reactor.
10 . The process according to claim 9 , wherein the first HTM and the second HTM comprise the same HTM type.
11 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the preheating of step (g) comprises preheating at least a portion of the solid waste plastic upstream of the liquification vessel.
12 . The process according to claim 1 , further comprising:
(i) providing a second HTM;
(ii) making a heated second HTM via indirect heat exchange with the pyrolysis effluent and/or the residual pyrolysis effluent; and
(iii) preheating, via indirect heat exchange with the heated second HTM, at least a portion of the solid waste plastics upstream of the liquification vessel, at least a portion of the solid waste plastics in the liquification vessel, and/or at least a portion of the liquefied waste plastic upstream of the pyrolysis reactor.
13 . A chemical recycling process, said process comprising:
(a) providing a first heat transfer medium loop comprising a first heat transfer medium (HTM) and a second heat transfer medium loop comprising a second HTM, wherein the first heat transfer medium loop is disposed downstream of a liquification vessel and upstream of a pyrolysis reactor, and wherein the second heat transfer medium loop is disposed in the liquification vessel or upstream of the liquification vessel;
(b) liquifying a solid waste plastic in the liquification vessel to thereby form a liquefied waste plastic, wherein the liquifying includes preheating at least a portion of the waste plastic via the second heat transfer medium loop using indirect heat exchange with a heated second HTM;
(c) heating, via the first heat transfer medium loop, at least a portion of the liquefied waste plastic using indirect heat exchange with a heated first HTM to thereby provide a heated liquified waste plastic;
(d) pyrolyzing at least a portion of the heated liquefied waste plastic in the a-pyrolysis reactor to thereby form a pyrolysis effluent;
(e) separating at least a portion of the pyrolysis effluent to form a pyrolysis oil and a residual pyrolysis effluent comprising pyrolysis gas;
(f) heating the first HTM and/or the second HTM to make the first heated HTM and/or the second heated HTM respectively, wherein the heating occurs within the first and/or second heat transfer medium loop via indirect heat exchange using heat energy from the pyrolysis effluent and/or the residual pyrolysis effluent; and
(g) contacting at least a portion of the pyrolysis oil with the solid waste plastic in the liquification vessel.
14 . The process according to claim 13 , wherein the making of step (f) comprises making the heated first HTM via indirect heat exchange with the pyrolysis effluent and making the heated second HTM via indirect heat exchange with the residual pyrolysis effluent.
15 . The process according to claim 13 , wherein the first HTM and/or the second HTM comprise steam.
16 . The process according to claim 13 , wherein the heated first HTM has a temperature of at least 300° C. and the heated second HTM has a temperature of at least 270° C.
17 . The process according to claim 13 , wherein the making of step (f) comprises making the heated first HTM via indirect heat exchange with the pyrolysis effluent and the residual pyrolysis effluent.
18 . The process according to claim 13 , wherein the making of step (f) comprises making the heated first HTM and the heated second HTM via indirect heat exchange with the pyrolysis effluent, wherein the indirect heat exchange of the second HTM occurs downstream of the indirect heat exchange of the first HTM.
19 . The process according to claim 13 , wherein the separating of step (e) comprises:
(i) separating at least a portion of the pyrolysis effluent into the pyrolysis oil and a first residual pyrolysis effluent comprising the pyrolysis gas, and
(ii) separating at least a portion of the first residual pyrolysis effluent into a second pyrolysis oil and a second residual pyrolysis effluent comprising the pyrolysis gas,
wherein the residual pyrolysis effluent in the making of step (f) comprises the first residual pyrolysis effluent and/or the second residual pyrolysis effluent.
20 . The process according to claim 19 , wherein the separating of step (e) further comprises separating at least a portion of the second residual pyrolysis effluent to thereby form a third pyrolysis oil and a pyrolysis gas stream comprising the pyrolysis gas.