Multi-functional fuel additive to provide friction reduction and corrosion protection
View Patent ↗The present disclosure provides fuel additives including detergent additives, optional alkoxylated alcohol additives, and a multi-functional additive including a saturated or an unsaturated cyclic moiety-containing dicarboxylic acid.
1 . A fuel additive package comprising:
a detergent including one or more Mannic detergent additives having the structure of Formula II:
wherein R 3 of Formula II is hydrogen or a C1 to C4 alkyl group, R 4 of Formula II is a hydrocarbyl group having a molecular weight of about 500 to about 3000, R 5 of Formula II is a C1 to C4 alkylene or alkenyl group, and R 6 and R 7 of Formula II are, independently, hydrogen, a C1 to C12 alkyl group, or a C1 to C4 alkyl amino di(C1-C12 alkyl) group;
a multi-functional additive comprising a cyclic moiety-containing dicarboxylic acid; and
optionally, an alkoxylated alcohol.
2 . The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein the cyclic moiety-containing dicarboxylic acid is a compound having the structure of Formula I:
wherein
one of R 1 and R 2 of Formula I is hydrogen and the other of R 1 and R 2 is —COOH; and
m and n are, independently, integers from 1 to 11 and where the sum of m+n is 10 to 20.
3 . The fuel additive package of claim 2 , wherein m and n are each, independently, integers from 5 to 9 and the sum of m+n is 10 to 14.
4 . The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein the fuel additive package includes about 1 to about 20 weight percent of the cyclic moiety-containing dicarboxylic acid.
5 . The fuel additive package of claim 4 , wherein the fuel additive package further includes about 20 to about 70 weight percent of the detergent.
6 . The fuel additive of claim 1 , wherein the detergent includes two Mannich detergent additives, wherein the first Mannich detergent additive has the structure of Formula I with R 6 and R 7 each being the C1 to C12 alkyl group and the second Mannich detergent additive has the structure of Formula I with R 6 being hydrogen and R 7 being the di(C1 to C4)alkyl amino C1-C12 alkyl group.
7 . The fuel additive package of claim 5 , further comprising a succinimide detergent prepared by reacting a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acylating agent with an amine, polyamine, or alkyl amine having one or more primary, secondary, or tertiary amino groups.
8 . The fuel additive package of claim 5 , comprising about 5 to about 30 weight percent of the alkoxylated alcohol.
9 . The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein the alkoxylated alcohol is a polyether prepared by reacting an alkyl alcohol or an alkylphenol with an alkylene oxide selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, copolymers thereof, or combinations thereof.
10 . The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein the alkoxylated alcohol is a polyether having the structure of Formula III:
wherein R 8 of Formula III is an aryl group or a linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic group having 5 to 50 carbons, R 9 of Formula III is a C1 to C4 alkyl group, and x is an integer from 5 to 100.
11 . The fuel additive package of claim 1 , further comprising about 1 to about 20 weight percent of a lubricity additive.
12 . The fuel additive package of claim 1 , further comprising a lubricity additive and wherein the lubricity additive is selected from an ammonia succinimide prepared by reacting a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydride with ammonia, a linear or branched monocarboxylic acid or salt thereof, or mixtures thereof.
13 . A fuel composition comprising:
a major amount of a diesel fuel or a gasoline fuel;
about 15 to about 300 ppmw of a detergent including one or more Mannich detergent additives having the structure of Formula II:
wherein R 3 of Formula II is hydrogen or a C1 to C4 alkyl group, R 4 of Formula II is a hydrocarbyl group having a molecular weight of about 500 to about 3000, R 5 of Formula II is a C1 to C4 alkylene or alkenyl group, and R 6 and R 7 of Formula II are, independently, hydrogen, a C1 to C12 alkyl group, or a C1 to C4 alkyl amino di(C1-C12 alkyl) group;
about 0 to about 150 ppmw of an alkoxylated alcohol; and
about 5 to about 250 ppmw of a multi-functional additive provided by a cyclic moiety-containing dicarboxylic acid.
14 . The fuel composition of claim 13 , wherein the cyclic moiety-containing dicarboxylic acid is a compound having the structure of Formula I:
wherein
one of R 1 and R 2 of Formula I is hydrogen and the other of R 1 and R 2 is —COOH; and
m and n are, independently, integers from 1 to 11 and where the sum of m+n is 10 to 20.
15 . A method of reducing wear and corrosion in a combustion engine, the method comprising:
operating the combustion engine on a fuel composition containing a major amount of a fuel and a minor amount of the fuel additive package of claim 1 ;
wherein the fuel additive package in the fuel exhibits a friction coefficient pursuant to ASTM D6079 of about 0.4 or less and exhibits about 10% or less rust when measured pursuant to ASTM D665A, ASTM D66B, or NACE TM-0172-2001.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the fuel is gasoline or diesel.
17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the fuel includes about 50 to about 300 ppmw of the detergent;
about 0 to about 150 ppmw of the alkoxylated alcohol; and
about 5 to about 250 ppmw of the unsaturated cyclic moiety-containing dicarboxylic acid.
18 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the cyclic moiety-containing dicarboxylic acid is a compound having the structure of Formula I:
wherein
one of R 1 and R 2 of Formula I is hydrogen and the other of R 1 and R 2 is —COOH; and
m and n are, independently, integers from 1 to 11 and where the sum of m+n is 10 to 20.
19 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the detergent includes the Mannich detergent and a succinimide detergent.