Environmentally acceptable lubricant compositions
Compositions comprise first antioxidants and first additives, such as surface, performance-enhancing, lubricant protective, and optionally second and/or second antioxidants. The compositions are useful for improving environmentally acceptable lubricants, lubricant oils, and other lubricant materials. The compositions and methods generally provide longer shelf lives, increased oxidative resistance, improved quality, and/or enhanced performance to lubricants, lubricant oils, hydraulic fluid, and turbine oils.
1 . A lubricant composition comprising:
a) a bio-oil;
b) a first antioxidant represented by a mixture of the following compounds:
wherein each R′ is independently H, a C1-C10 alkyl, or styrene
and
n′ is 1 or 2;
wherein R″ is a C1-C10 alkyl
c) a multifunctional additive represented by
wherein R 1 is H, CH 3 , OCH 3 , or a linear or branched C 1 -C 9 alkyl chain; i=1, 2, or 3; n is an integer from 1 to 15;
R is
and
Rd is a C1-C24 linear or branched alkyl chain; and
d) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of:
i) a surface additive;
ii) a performance-enhancing additive; and
iii) a lubricant protective additive;
wherein the concentration of the first antioxidant is from about 0.05 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of the lubricant composition, and the concentration of the first additive is from about 0.05 wt. % and to about 5 wt. % of the lubricant composition.
2 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the first additive is a surface additive selected from the group consisting of (a) a rust inhibitor, (b) a corrosion inhibitor, (c) an extreme pressure agent, (d) a tackiness agent, (e) an antiwear agent, (f) a detergent, (g) a dispersant, (h) a defoamer, and (i) a compounded oil.
3 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the first additive is a performance-enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of (a) a pour-point depressant, (b) a viscosity index modifier, (c) an emulsifier, and (d) a demulsifier.
4 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the first additive is a lubricant protective additive selected from the group consisting of (a) an oxidation inhibitor and (b) a foam inhibitor.
5 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition further includes a second antioxidant selected from the group consisting of an amine antioxidant, octylated/butylated diphenylamine, octylated diphenylamine 2,6 ditertiary butyl phenol, 2,2′-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-p-cresol), and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP).
6 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the multifunctional additive is a corrosion inhibitor, a rust inhibitor, an antiwear, and a demulsifying agent.
7 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the multifunctional additive is biobased.
8 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the kinematic viscosity of the lubricant composition is from 20 to 700 cSt at 40° C.
9 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition comprises:
i) a surface additive;
ii) a performance-enhancing additive; and
iii) a lubricant protective additive.
10 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the surface additive is a defoamer.
11 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the performance-enhancing additive is a pour-point depressant.
12 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the first antioxidant is represented by a mixture of the following compounds:
wherein R″ is a C1-C10 alkyl
13 . A method of forming a lubricant composition, the method comprising combining:
a) a bio-oil;
b) a first antioxidant represented by a mixture of the following compounds:
wherein each R′ is independently H, a C1-C10 alkyl, or styrene
and
n′ is 1 or 2;
wherein R″ is a C1-C10 alkyl
and
c) a multifunctional additive represented by a mixture of isomeric mixtures
wherein R is H, CH 3 , OCH 3 , or a linear or branched C 1 -C 9 alkyl chain; I=1, 2, or 3;
n is an integer from 1 to 15;
R is
and
Rd is a C1-C24 linear or branched alkyl chain; and
d) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of:
i) a surface additive;
ii) a performance-enhancing additive; and
iii) a lubricant protective additive;
wherein the concentration of the first antioxidant is from about 0.05 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of the lubricant composition, and the concentration of the first additive is from about 0.05 wt. % and to about 5 wt. % of the lubricant composition.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the first additive is a surface additive selected from the group consisting of (a) a rust inhibitor, (b) a corrosion inhibitor, (c) an extreme pressure agent, (d) a tackiness agent, (e) an antiwear agent, (f) a detergent, (g) a dispersant, (h) a defoamer, and (i) a compounded oil.
15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the first additive is a performance-enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of (a) a pour-point depressant, (b) a viscosity index modifier, (c) an emulsifier, and (d) a demulsifier.
16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the additive is a lubricant protective additive selected from the group consisting of (a) an oxidation inhibitor and (b) a foam inhibitor.
17 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the composition further includes a second antioxidant selected from the group consisting of aminic antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants.
18 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the ratio of the first antioxidant to the second antioxidants is from 1:99 to 99:1.
19 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the first antioxidant is represented by a mixture of the following compounds:
wherein R″ is a C1-C10 alkyl
20 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the first antioxidant R″ is represented by a mixture of the following alkyl chains:
21 . The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition is a bearing oil, a steam turbine oil, a gas turbine oil, a hydro turbine oil, a compressor oil, a tractor fluid, a drilling oil, an elevator oil, or a hydraulic fluid.
22 . The lubricant composition of claim 21 , wherein the lubricant composition is a turbine oil.
23 . The lubricant composition of claim 21 , wherein the lubricant composition is a hydro turbine oil.
24 . The lubricant composition of claim 21 , wherein the lubricant composition is a hydraulic fluid.
25 . A kit for forming a lubricant, the kit comprising:
a) a carrier oil having dissolved therein:
i) a first antioxidant represented by a mixture of the following compounds:
wherein each R′ is independently H, a C1-C10 alkyl, or styrene
and
n′ is 1 or 2;
wherein R″ is a C1-C10 alkyl
ii) a multifunctional additive represented by
wherein: R 1 is H, CH 3 , OCH 3 , or a linear or branched C 1 -C 9 alkyl chain; i=1, 2, or 3; n is an integer from 1 to 15;
R is
and
Rd is a C1-C24 linear or branched alkyl chain; and
iii) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of:
1) A surface additive;
2) A performance-enhancing additive; and
3) A lubricant protective additive.
26 . The kit of claim 25 , wherein each of the at least one first additive is from about 0.05 wt. % to about 25 wt. % of the kit.
27 . The kit of claim 25 , wherein the ratio of the carrier oil to all compounds dissolved therein is from 90:10 to 10:90.
28 . The kit of claim 25 , wherein the carrier oil is petroleum distillate, petroleum oil, methyl esters of fatty acids of vegetable oils, or a blend of methyl laurate and myristate methyl ester.
29 . The kit of claim 25 , wherein the first antioxidant is represented by a mixture of the following compounds:
wherein R″ is a C1-C10 alkyl