Breathable layered flexible material, methods and uses thereof
The present disclosure relates to a breathable layered flexible material comprising at least one polyvinyl chloride (PVC) porous layer or a plurality of PVC porous layers and a support layer. The pores of the PVC porous layer or plurality of PVC porous layers are obtainable by water evaporation of a water-in-oil PVC emulsion. The pores extend from the PVC layer to the support layer providing the material breathability. The disclosure also relates to a method for preparing the breathable layered flexible material. Upholsteries, in particular car upholsteries, comprising the breathable layered flexible material are also disclosed.
1 . A breathable layered flexible material comprising
a plurality of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) porous layers wherein the plurality of PVC porous layers comprises multiple layers having different chemical compositions;
a support layer; and
an external water permeable lacquer layer over the plurality of PVC porous layers; and
at least 0.1 (wt/wt) of NIR reflective pigments, transparent pigments, or mixtures thereof,
wherein the NIR reflective pigments and/or the transparent pigments are in the external permeable lacquer layer, or in the plurality of PVC porous layers;
wherein the pores of said plurality of PVC porous layers are obtainable by water evaporation of a water-in-oil PVC emulsion,
wherein the pores extend from the PVC porous layers to the support layer providing the material breathability,
wherein the breathability is in a range of 50 to 200 mg·cm 2 ·h −1 , and
wherein the measurement of breathability properties of the layered flexible material is determinable by a method based on the standard Water Method (ASTM E96: 16) test that evaluates the water vapor transfer through the PVC leather and on the Water Vapor Absorption Determination Method ISO 17229:16;
wherein the plurality of PVC porous layers comprises a porosity of 2 to 50 pores per unit area (mm 2 ) with a pore size distribution between 1 μm to 1 mm;
wherein the plurality of PVC porous layers does not comprise polyurethane.
2 . The material according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of PVC porous layers further comprises a plasticizer, a stabilizer, a filler, a flame retardant, auxiliary substances, UV stabilizers, or mixtures thereof.
3 . The material according to claim 1 , further comprising a foam layer, and/or an adhesive layer between the support layer and the plurality of PVC porous layers.
4 . The material according to claim 1 , wherein the NIR reflective pigments and/or transparent pigments are selected from the group consisting of: pigments based on pure metals; metal pigments with superficial coatings; multi-layered pigments; complex inorganic coloured pigments; organic pigments coated with metal oxides; and mixtures thereof.
5 . The material according to claim 4 , wherein the NIR reflective pigments and/or transparent pigments comprise a pure metal selected from the group consisting of: aluminum, silver and copper.
6 . The material according to claim 4 , wherein the organic pigments are coated with metal oxides selected from the group consisting of: purple dioxazine, perylene, azo pigments, and copper phthalocyanine.
7 . The material according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of PVC porous layers comprises a porosity of 5 to 50 pores per unit area (mm 2 ) with a pore size distribution between 1 μm to 1 mm.
8 . The material according to claim 1 , wherein 50-80% of the pores of the plurality of PVC porous layers comprises a size of 50 μm-500 μm.
9 . An upholstery for a car comprising the material of claim 1 .
10 . The material according to claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a range of between 0.1 to 20% (wt/wt) of NIR reflective pigments, transparent pigments, or mixtures thereof.