Light-absorbing heat-shielding film, light-absorbing heat-shielding member, article, and method for producing them
A metal layer includes a protrusion-and-recess shaped object, in which the protrusion-and-recess shaped object is characterized in that a second protrusion-and-recess structure is disposed on a first protrusion-and-recess structure.
1 . A light-absorbing heat-shielding film, comprising a metal layer,
wherein the metal layer includes:
a base section in which the metal layer is continuous in an extending direction of the light-absorbing heat-shielding film, and
a protrusion-and-recess shaped section disposed on the base section,
the protrusion-and-recess shaped section includes:
a first protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions, and
a second protrusion-and-recess structure disposed on each of the multiple protruding portions, the second protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions,
the base section extends below the multiple protruding portions included in the first protrusion-and-recess structure,
main components of metal materials of the base section, the first protrusion-and-recess structure, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure are identical,
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra1 of 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra2 of 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz1 of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz2 of 100 nm or more and 800 nm or less.
2 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 1 , wherein each of the metal materials of the base section, the first
protrusion-and-recess structure, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure contains one selected from nickel, chromium, and zinc.
3 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 1 , wherein the base section has a thickness of 200 nm or more.
4 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 1 , wherein a metal oxide layer covering the protrusion-and-recess shaped section is included.
5 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 1 , wherein seven or more protruding portions among the multiple protruding portions included in the second protrusion-and-recess structure are arranged at one protruding portion among the multiple protruding portions included in the first protrusion-and-recess structure.
6 . A light-absorbing heat-shielding member, comprising:
a substrate; and
the light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 1 , the light-absorbing heat-shielding film being disposed on the substrate.
7 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding member according to claim 6 , wherein an adhesive layer that bonds the light-absorbing heat-shielding film and the substrate is included.
8 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding member according to claim 6 , wherein the substrate comprises a metal.
9 . An article, comprising:
the light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 1 , wherein the light-absorbing heat-shielding film is configured to reduce a reflection of an ambient light source.
10 . A transport apparatus, comprising:
at least one of an engine and a motor; and
the light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 1 .
11 . A light-absorbing heat-shielding film, comprising a metal layer,
wherein the metal layer includes a protrusion-and-recess shaped section,
the protrusion-and-recess shaped section includes:
a first protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions, and
a second protrusion-and-recess structure disposed on each of the multiple protruding portions, the second protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions,
main components of metal materials of the first protrusion-and-recess structure and the second protrusion-and-recess structure are identical,
a metal oxide attached to a surface of the protrusion-and-recess shaped section is included,
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra1 of 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra2 of 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz1 of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz2 of 100 nm or more and 800 nm or less.
12 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 11 , wherein the metal oxide has a different metal component from a metal component of the metal layer.
13 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 11 , wherein the metal oxide is disposed between the multiple protruding portions included in the second protrusion-and-recess structure.
14 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 11 , wherein the metal oxide contains aluminum oxide.
15 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 11 , wherein the metal oxide contains a crystal containing aluminum oxide as a main component.
16 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 11 , wherein a metal oxide layer covering the protrusion-and-recess shaped section is included, and the metal oxide is disposed between the metal oxide layer and the metal layer.
17 . The light-absorbing heat-shielding film according to claim 16 , wherein the metal oxide layer contains an amorphous gel of aluminum oxide.
18 . An article, comprising:
a heat-generating element; and
a light-absorbing heat-shielding film including a metal layer,
wherein the light-absorbing heat-shielding film is configured to block heat from the heat-generating element,
the metal layer includes:
a base section, and
a protrusion-and-recess shaped section disposed on the base section,
the protrusion-and-recess shaped section includes:
a first protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions, and
a second protrusion-and-recess structure disposed on each of the multiple protruding portions, the second protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions,
the base section extends below the multiple protruding portions included in the first protrusion-and-recess structure,
main components of metal materials of the base section, the first protrusion-and-recess structure, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure are identical,
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra1 of 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra2 of 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz1 of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz2 of 100 nm or more and 800 nm or less.
19 . The article according to claim 18 , wherein a detection temperature at a surface of the light-absorbing heat-shielding film opposite to a surface adjacent to the heat-generating element is at least 3° C. lower than a detection temperature at a portion of the heat-generating element where the light-absorbing heat-shielding film is not disposed.
20 . A method for producing a light-absorbing heat-shielding film, comprising the steps of:
providing a mold having a protrusion-and-recess shape; and
forming, on the mold, a metal layer to which the protrusion-and-recess shape is transferred,
wherein the mold has a protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple recessed portions, and
the protrusion-and-recess shape includes:
a first protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions, and
a second protrusion-and-recess structure disposed on each of the multiple protruding portions, the second protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions,
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra1 of 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra2 of 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz1 of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz2 of 100 nm or more and 800 nm or less.
21 . The production method according to claim 20 , wherein the protrusion-and-recess shape is formed by immersion treatment of a film containing aluminum in hot water.
22 . A method for producing a light-absorbing heat-shielding member, comprising the steps of:
providing a mold having a protrusion-and-recess shape;
forming, on the mold, a metal layer to which the protrusion-and-recess shape is transferred; and
bonding a substrate to a surface of the metal layer opposite to a surface to which the protrusion-and-recess shape is transferred,
wherein the mold has a protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple recessed portions, and
the protrusion-and-recess shape includes:
a first protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions, and
a second protrusion-and-recess structure disposed on each of the multiple protruding portions, the second protrusion-and-recess structure including multiple protruding portions,
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra1 of 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has an average roughness Ra2 of 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and
the first protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz1 of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and the second protrusion-and-recess structure has a maximum height Rz2 of 100 nm or more and 800 nm or less.
23 . The production method according to claim 22 , wherein the substrate comprises a metal.
24 . The production method according to claim 23 , further comprising a step of removing at least part of the mold from a top of the metal layer.
25 . The production method according to claim 24 , wherein the mold includes a base body and a metal oxide disposed over the base body, and
after the removal step, at least part of the metal oxide attached to the metal layer is removed from the top of the metal layer.
26 . The production method according to claim 24 , wherein the mold includes a base body and a metal oxide disposed over the base body, and
the metal oxide forms the protrusion-and-recess shape.