Antenna device
An antenna device includes a ground plane, a flat-plate-shaped first feed element, a flat-plate-shaped second feed element, a first feed line connected to the first feed element, and a second feed line connected to the second feed element. The ground plane, the first feed element, and the second feed element are stacked respective order and spaced apart from each other. At least part of the second feed line is disposed in a same conductor layer as the ground plane and is disposed at a position that overlaps the first feed element as the ground plane is viewed from a plan view.
1 . An antenna device comprising:
a ground plane;
a flat-plate-shaped first feed element;
a flat-plate-shaped second feed element;
a first feed line connected to the first feed element; and
a second feed line connected to the second feed element, wherein
the ground plane, the first feed element, and the second feed element are stacked in respective order and spaced apart from each other,
at least part of the second feed line is disposed in a same conductor layer as the ground plane,
the ground plane functions as a ground for the first feed element, and the at least part of the second feed line is disposed at a position that overlaps the first feed element as the ground plane is viewed from a plan view,
the ground plane and the at least part of the second feed line are disposed on a first surface of a first dielectric layer,
the first feed element is disposed on a second surface of the first dielectric layer opposite to the first surface,
the second feed line includes a 90° hybrid circuit formed by patterns arranged in the same conductor layer as the ground plane, and
the 90° hybrid circuit is configured to supply high-frequency signals having a phase difference of 90° to the second feed element.
2 . The antenna device according to claim 1 ,
wherein a resonant frequency of the first feed element is lower than a resonant frequency of the second feed element.
3 . The antenna device according to claim 2 ,
wherein an area of the first feed element is greater than an area of the second feed element in the plan view.
4 . The antenna device according to claim 2 ,
wherein the second feed line is connected to two second feed points of the second feed element, and two straight lines respectively passing through a geometric center of the second feed element and the two second feed points are perpendicular to each other.
5 . The antenna device according to claim 2 , further comprising:
a flat-plate-shaped third feed element that is spaced apart from the second feed element and partially overlaps the second feed element as viewed from the plan view; and
a third feed line connected to the third feed element.
6 . The antenna device according to claim 1 ,
wherein an area of the first feed element is greater than an area of the second feed element in the plan view.
7 . The antenna device according to claim 6 ,
wherein the second feed line is connected to two second feed points of the second feed element, and two straight lines respectively passing through a geometric center of the second feed element and the two second feed points are perpendicular to each other.
8 . The antenna device according to claim 6 , further comprising:
a flat-plate-shaped third feed element that is spaced apart from the second feed element and partially overlaps the second feed element as viewed from the plan view; and
a third feed line connected to the third feed element.
9 . The antenna device according to claim 1 ,
wherein the second feed line is connected to two second feed points of the second feed element, and two straight lines respectively passing through a geometric center of the second feed element and the two second feed points are perpendicular to each other.
10 . The antenna device according to claim 9 , wherein
the second feed line includes an annular-shaped transmission line consisting of two relatively thick transmission lines and two relatively thin transmission lines connected to each other in an alternating manner, each of the two relatively thick transmission lines being thicker than either of the two relatively thin transmission lines,
at least one of the two relatively thick transmission lines being disposed between a location where a radio-frequency signal is input to the second feed line and a location connected to one of the two second feed points, and
at least one of the relatively thin transmission lines is connected between the two feed points.
11 . The antenna device according to claim 6 ,
wherein the second feed line includes a part where the second feed line branches, at a branching point, from one line and extends to the two second feed points, and a difference in electrical length from the branching point to the two second feed points is ¼ a wavelength of a radio-frequency signal having the resonant frequency of the second feed element.
12 . The antenna device according to claim 11 ,
wherein the first feed line is connected to at least one first feed point of the first feed element, and
from the plan view, an angle between a straight line passing through a geometric center of the first feed element and the first feed point and a straight line passing through a geometric center of the second feed element and one of the second feed points is greater than or equal to 35° and less than or equal to 55°.
13 . The antenna device according to claim 11 , further comprising:
a flat-plate-shaped third feed element that is spaced apart from the second feed element and partially overlaps the second feed element as viewed from the plan view; and
a third feed line connected to the third feed element.
14 . The antenna device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a flat-plate-shaped third feed element that is spaced apart from the second feed element and partially overlaps the second feed element as viewed from the plan view; and
a third feed line connected to the third feed element.
15 . An antenna device, comprising:
a ground plane;
a flat-plate-shaped first feed element;
a flat-plate-shaped second feed element;
a first feed line connected to the first feed element; and
a second feed line connected to the second feed element, wherein
the ground plane, the first feed element, and the second feed element are stacked in respective order and spaced apart from each other, and
at least part of the second feed line is disposed in a same conductor layer as the ground plane, wherein the ground plane functions as a ground for the first feed element, and the at least part of the second feed line is disposed at a position that overlaps the first feed element as the ground plane is viewed from a plan view,
wherein
the ground plane and the at least part of the second feed line are disposed on a first surface of a first dielectric layer,
the first feed element is disposed on a second surface of the first dielectric layer opposite to the first surface,
the second feed line is connected to two second feed points of the second feed element, and two straight lines respectively passing through a geometric center of the second feed element and the two second feed points are perpendicular to each other, and
the second feed line comprising a conductive material that conveys radio-frequency signals to the two second feed points with a phase difference of 90° between a signal component present in the radio-frequency signals that has a frequency that is a resonant frequency of the second feed element.
16 . The antenna device according to claim 15 , further comprising:
a flat-plate-shaped third feed element that is spaced apart from the second feed element and partially overlaps the second feed element as viewed from the plan view; and
a third feed line connected to the third feed element.
17 . An antenna device, comprising:
a ground plane;
a flat-plate-shaped first feed element;
a flat-plate-shaped second feed element;
a first feed line connected to the first feed element; and
a second feed line connected to the second feed element, wherein
the ground plane, the first feed element, and the second feed element are stacked in respective order and spaced apart from each other, and
at least part of the second feed line is disposed in a same conductor layer as the ground plane, wherein the ground plane functions as a ground for the first feed element, and the at least part of the second feed line is disposed at a position that overlaps the first feed element as the ground plane is viewed from a plan view,
wherein
the ground plane and the at least part of the second feed line are disposed on a first surface of a first dielectric layer,
the first feed element is disposed on a second surface of the first dielectric layer opposite to the first surface,
the second feed line is connected to two second feed points of the second feed element, and two straight lines respectively passing through a geometric center of the second feed element and the two second feed points are perpendicular to each other, and
the second feed line includes a 90° hybrid circuit having four ports, a radio-frequency signal is input to one port of the 90° hybrid circuit, and another two ports of the 90° hybrid circuit are respectively connected to the two second feed points.
18 . An antenna device, comprising:
a ground plane;
a flat-plate-shaped first feed element;
a flat-plate-shaped second feed element;
a first feed line connected to the first feed element; and
a second feed line connected to the second feed element, wherein
the ground plane, the first feed element, and the second feed element are stacked in respective order and spaced apart from each other, and
at least part of the second feed line is disposed in a same conductor layer as the ground plane, wherein the ground plane functions as a ground for the first feed element, and the at least part of the second feed line is disposed at a position that overlaps the first feed element as the ground plane is viewed from a plan view,
wherein
the ground plane and the at least part of the second feed line are disposed on a first surface of a first dielectric layer,
the first feed element is disposed on a second surface of the first dielectric layer opposite to the first surface,
the second feed line is connected to two second feed points of the second feed element, and two straight lines respectively passing through a geometric center of the second feed element and the two second feed points are perpendicular to each other,
the first feed line is connected to at least one first feed point of the first feed element, and
from the plan view, an angle between a straight line passing through a geometric center of the first feed element and the first feed point and a straight line passing through a geometric center of the second feed element and one of the second feed points is greater than or equal to 35° and less than or equal to 55°.
19 . The antenna device according to claim 18 ,
wherein the first feed element includes another first feed point, and two straight lines respectively passing through the geometric center of the first feed element and the first feed point and the another first feed point are perpendicular to each other.
20 . The antenna device according to claim 18 , further comprising:
a flat-plate-shaped third feed element that is spaced apart from the second feed element and partially overlaps the second feed element as viewed from the plan view; and
a third feed line connected to the third feed element.