GPIO circuit and chip
A GPIO circuit and a chip are provided. The GPIO circuit includes at least one output driver branch each including output driver transistor. A gate of the output driver transistor is coupled to a respective pre-driver circuit including a conventional pre-driver circuit, a pre-driver transistor and a slow pre-driver (SPD) circuit. An output of the conventional pre-driver circuit is coupled to the gate of the output driver transistor, and a gate of the pre-driver transistor is coupled to a slope control signal. A drain of the pre-driver transistor is coupled to one terminal of the conventional pre-driver circuit. The SPD circuit is coupled between a source and the drain of the pre-driver transistor. In order to output a signal, the SPD circuit is turned on, and the conventional pre-driver circuit is turned on under the control of the signal to be output.
1 . A general-purpose input/output (GPIO) circuit, comprising at least one output driver branch each including output driver transistors, wherein: each output driver transistor comprises a drain coupled to a GPIO pin; and a gate coupled to a corresponding pre-driver circuit, wherein the pre-driver circuit comprises:
a conventional pre-driver circuit, comprising an input terminal coupled to a signal to be output and an output terminal coupled to a gate of a corresponding output driver transistor;
a pre-driver transistor, comprising a gate coupled to a slope control signal and a drain coupled to one terminal of the conventional pre-driver circuit; and
a slow pre-driver (SPD) circuit, coupled between a source and the drain of the pre-driver transistor, wherein the SPD circuit comprises a reference current source and a current mirror coupled to the reference current source;
wherein when the slope control signal is so configured that the pre-driver transistor is turned on, and the SPD circuit and the conventional pre-driver circuit are turned on, the output driver transistor is turned on in a normal mode; or
wherein when the slope control signal is so configured that the pre-driver transistor is turned off, and the SPD circuit and the conventional pre-driver circuit are turned on, the output driver transistor is turned on in a slope-controlled mode, in which the output driver transistor is turned on more slowly than in the normal mode.
2 . The GPIO circuit of claim 1 , wherein in the slope-controlled mode, the output driver transistor drives a transient current output from the GPIO pin with a slope that is gentler than a slope of a transient current output in the normal mode.
3 . The GPIO circuit of claim 1 , wherein when a corresponding output driver transistor is configured for pulling up, the drain of the pre-driver transistor is coupled to a ground terminal of the conventional pre-driver circuit, the source of the pre-driver transistor is grounded, and wherein a pull-down capability of the pre-driver transistor is stronger than a pull-down capability of the SPD circuit, and
wherein when a corresponding output driver transistor is configured for pulling down, the source of the pre-driver transistor is coupled to a power supply voltage, the drain of the pre-driver transistor is coupled to a power supply input of the conventional pre-driver circuit, and wherein a pull-up capability of the pre-driver transistor is stronger than a pull-up capability of the SPD circuit.
4 . The GPIO circuit of claim 3 , wherein the conventional pre-driver circuit comprises a pull-up driver transistor and a pull-down driver transistor, wherein a gate of each of the pull-up and pull-down driver transistors is coupled to the signal to be output, and wherein a drain of each of the pull-up and pull-down driver transistors is coupled to a gate of a corresponding output driver transistor.
5 . The GPIO circuit of claim 1 , wherein the slope control signal is configured and generated by a digital register.
6 . The GPIO circuit of claim 1 , wherein when the output driver transistor is configured for pulling up, a pull-down capability of the pull-down driver transistor is weaker than a pull-up capability of the pull-up driver transistor, and
wherein when the output driver transistor is configured for pulling down, the pull-down capability of the pull-down driver transistor is stronger than the pull-up capability of the pull-up driver transistor.
7 . The GPIO circuit of claim 1 , comprising n output driver branches, where n is an integer equal to or greater than 2, wherein the pre-driver circuit further comprises a selection control circuit, wherein: a drain of each output driver transistor in a corresponding output driver branch is coupled to the GPIO pin; and the selection control circuit is based on the signal to be output and a selection control signal to provide the pre-driver circuits coupled to the output driver branches with drive signals, thereby selectively turning on some or all of the n output driver branches.
8 . The GPIO circuit of claim 7 , wherein in order to achieve small overshoots in an output waveform, under a control of the selection control circuit, some of the n output driver branches are turned on, and
wherein in order to output a high-frequency signal, under the control of the selection control circuit, each output driver branch is turned on.
9 . The GPIO circuit of claim 7 , wherein the selection control circuit comprises a drive capability decoder circuit and n AND logic circuits, wherein each AND logic circuit comprises an output terminal coupled to a corresponding pre-driver circuit to provide the corresponding pre-driver circuit with a drive signal, wherein each AND logic circuit comprise a first input terminal coupled to a corresponding output of the drive power decoder circuit, and wherein each AND logic circuit comprises a second input terminal coupled to the signal to be output.
10 . The GPIO circuit of claim 7 , wherein each output driver branch comprises a corresponding pull-up output driver transistor, wherein a ratio of width-to-length ratios of the pull-up output driver transistors in the n output driver branches is equal to a pull-down capability ratio of the SPD circuits in the pre-driver circuits coupled to the pull-up output driver transistors in the n output driver branches.
11 . The GPIO circuit of claim 7 , wherein each output driver branch comprises a corresponding pull-down output driver transistor, wherein a ratio of width-to-length ratios of the pull-down output driver transistors in the n output driver branches is equal to a pull-up capability ratio of the SPD circuits in the pre-driver circuits coupled to the pull-down output driver transistors in the n output driver branches.
12 . The GPIO circuit of claim 1 , wherein each output driver branch comprises a pull-up output driver transistor (MP) and a pull-down output driver transistor (MN), wherein a drain of each of the pull-up and pull-down output driver transistors is coupled to the GPIO pin, and wherein at least one of the pull-up and pull-down output driver transistors is coupled to the pre-driver circuit.
13 . The GPIO circuit of claim 12 , wherein each of the pull-up and pull-down output driver transistors is coupled to the pre-driver circuit, and wherein the pre-driver circuit that the pull-up output driver transistor is coupled to is a dual version of the pre-driver circuit that the pull-down output driver transistor is coupled to.
14 . The GPIO circuit of claim 1 , further comprising an input circuit coupled to the GPIO pin.
15 . A chip, comprising a logical processing unit, at least one GPIO pin and at least one GPIO circuit each coupled between the logical processing unit and a corresponding GPIO pin, wherein the at least one GPIO circuit coupled to the at least one GPIO pin is implemented as the GPIO circuit of claim 1 .
16 . The chip of claim 15 , wherein a single slope control signal is used to simultaneously turn on or off the at least one GPIO circuit coupled to the at least one GPIO pin.
17 . The chip of claim 15 , further comprising a digital register, wherein the GPIO circuits coupled to the GPIO pins in the chip are divided into m groups, wherein the slope control signal required by each group is same and the slope control signals for respective groups are sequentially stored in the digital register.