IP Library Granted Patent US 12685028
Granted Patent B2
US 12685028 · App. 18/197,495 · Granted Jul 14, 2026

Buffer layers, interlayers, and barrier layers comprising Heusler alloys for SOT based sensor, memory, and storage devices

Inventors: Quang Le (San Jose, CA); Brian R. York (San Jose, CA); Cherngye Hwang (San Jose, CA); Xiaoyong Liu (San Jose, CA); Susumu Okamura (San Jose, CA); Michael A. Gribelyuk (San Jose, CA); Xiaoyu Xu (San Jose, CA); Randy G. Simmons (San Jose, CA); Kuok San Ho (Emerald Hills, CA); Hisashi Takano (Fujisawa, JP)
Assignee: Western Digital Technologies, Inc.
H10N50/10G01R33/093G11B5/3909G11C11/161H10B61/00H10N50/85
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12685028
App. No.
18/197,495
Granted
Jul 14, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to spin-orbit torque (SOT) devices comprising a bismuth antimony (BiSb) layer. The SOT devices further comprises a nonmagnetic buffer layer, a nonmagnetic interlayer, a ferromagnetic layer, and a nonmagnetic barrier layer. One or more of the barrier layer, interlayer, and buffer layer comprise a polycrystalline non-Heusler alloy material, or a Heusler alloy and a material selected from the group consisting of: Cu, Ag, Ge, Mn, Ni, Co, Mo, W, Sn, B, and In. The Heusler alloy is a full Heusler alloy comprising X 2 YZ or a half Heusler alloy comprising XYZ, where X is one of: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au, Y is one of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, and W, and Z is one of: B, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi.

Claims (56)

1 . A spin-orbit torque (SOT) device, comprising:

a first nonmagnetic layer comprising:

(a) a polycrystalline non-Heusler alloy material, or

(b) a Heusler alloy and a material selected from the group consisting of: Cu, Ag, Ge, Mn, Ni, Co, Mo, W, Sn, B, and In, wherein the SOT device further comprises:

a bismuth antimony (BiSb) layer disposed in contact with the first nonmagnetic layer;

a second nonmagnetic layer comprising a Heusler alloy and a material selected from the group consisting of: Cu, Ag, Ge, Mn, Ni, Co, Mo, W, Sn, B, and In; and

a ferromagnetic layer disposed in contact with the second nonmagnetic layer.

2 . The SOT device of claim 1 , further comprising a third nonmagnetic layer comprising a Heusler alloy and a material selected from the group consisting of: Cu, Ag, Ge, Mn, Ni, Co, Mo, W, Sn, B, and In.

3 . The SOT device of claim 2 , wherein the third nonmagnetic layer is disposed in contact with the BiSb layer.

4 . The SOT device of claim 2 , wherein the first nonmagnetic layer is a buffer layer and wherein the third nonmagnetic layer is an interlayer.

5 . The SOT device of claim 4 , wherein the interlayer has a thickness less than or equal to about 20 Å, and wherein the buffer layer has a thickness between about 5 Å to about 200 Å.

6 . The SOT device of claim 1 , wherein the first nonmagnetic layer is further disposed in contact with the ferromagnetic layer.

7 . The SOT device of claim 1 , wherein the Heusler alloy is a full Heusler alloy comprising X 2 YZ, where X is selected from the group consisting of: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au, Y is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, and W, and Z is selected from the group consisting of: B, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi.

8 . The SOT device of claim 1 , wherein the Heusler alloy is a half Heusler alloy comprising XYZ, where X is selected from the group consisting of: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au, Y is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, and W, and Z is selected from the group consisting of: B, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi.

9 . The SOT device of claim 1 , wherein the polycrystalline non-Heusler alloy material is selected from the group consisting of:

NiAl, RuAl, RhAl, Mn 3 Al, V, Mo, W, TiW, CrX, where x=Ti, Ru, Mo, or W;

CrMo, CrMoTi, Cr, MoV, CrMoW, where Mo is between about 20% atomic percent to about 50% atomic percent;

V 2 VAl; and

CrXY, where X and Y are each individually selected from the group consisting of: Al, Ti, Mn, Co, Ni, Ru, Mo, Rh, W, and V.

10 . A magnetic recording head comprising the SOT device of claim 1 .

11 . A magnetic recording device comprising the magnetic recording head of claim 10 .

12 . A magneto-resistive memory comprising the SOT device of claim 1 .

13 . A magnetic sensor comprising the SOT device of claim 1 .

14 . A spin-orbit torque (SOT) device, comprising:

a texture layer;

a nonmagnetic buffer layer disposed on the texture layer;

a bismuth antimony (BiSb) layer over the nonmagnetic buffer layer;

a nonmagnetic interlayer disposed on the BiSb layer;

a ferromagnetic layer disposed on the nonmagnetic interlayer; and

a nonmagnetic barrier layer disposed on the ferromagnetic layer,

wherein each of the nonmagnetic barrier layer, the nonmagnetic interlayer, and the nonmagnetic buffer layer comprise a Heusler alloy and a material selected from the group consisting of: Cu, Ag, Ge, Mn, Ni, Co, Mo, W, Sn, B, and In.

15 . The SOT device of claim 14 , further comprising a nucleation layer disposed between the nonmagnetic buffer layer and the BiSb layer, the nucleation layer comprising a Heusler alloy and a material selected from the group consisting of: Cu, Ag, Ge, Mn, Ni, Co, Mo, W, Sn, B, and In.

16 . The SOT device of claim 14 , wherein the Heusler alloy is a full Heusler alloy comprising X 2 YZ, where X is selected from the group consisting of: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au, Y is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, and W, and Z is selected from the group consisting of: B, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi.

17 . The SOT device of claim 14 , wherein the Heusler alloy is a half Heusler alloy comprising XYZ, where X is selected from the group consisting of: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au, Y is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, and W, and Z is selected from the group consisting of: B, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi.

18 . The SOT device of claim 14 , further comprising:

an amorphous seed layer disposed in contact with the texture layer; and

a cap layer disposed on the nonmagnetic barrier layer.

19 . A magnetic recording head comprising the SOT device of claim 14 .

20 . A magnetic recording device comprising the magnetic recording head of claim 19 .

21 . A magneto-resistive memory comprising the SOT device of claim 14 .

22 . A magnetic sensor comprising the SOT device of claim 14 .

23 . A spin-orbit torque (SOT) device, comprising:

a seed layer;

a texture layer disposed on the seed layer;

a ferromagnetic layer disposed on the texture layer;

a nonmagnetic buffer layer disposed on the ferromagnetic layer;

a nonmagnetic nucleation layer disposed on the nonmagnetic buffer layer;

a bismuth antimony (BiSb) layer on the nonmagnetic nucleation layer; and

a nonmagnetic interlayer disposed on the BiSb layer,

wherein each of the nonmagnetic interlayer, nonmagnetic nucleation layer, and the nonmagnetic buffer layer comprise a Heusler alloy and a material selected from the group consisting of: Cu, Ag, Ge, Mn, Ni, Co, Mo, W, Sn, B, and In.

24 . The SOT device of claim 23 , wherein the Heusler alloy is a full Heusler alloy comprising X 2 YZ, where X is selected from the group consisting of: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au, Y is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, and W, and Z is selected from the group consisting of: B, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi.

25 . The SOT device of claim 23 , wherein the Heusler alloy is a half Heusler alloy comprising XYZ, where X is selected from the group consisting of: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au, Y is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, and W, and Z is selected from the group consisting of: B, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi.

26 . A magnetic recording head comprising the SOT device of claim 23 .

27 . A magnetic recording device comprising the magnetic recording head of claim 26 .

28 . A magneto-resistive memory comprising the SOT device of claim 23 .

29 . A magnetic sensor comprising the SOT device of claim 23 .