Drug delivery system
A drug delivery system including a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), silica, platinum nanoparticles, and polyethylene glycol. The silica penetrates the pores of the ZIF-8 and at least partially envelopes the ZIF-8 to form a ZIF-8/silica composite. The platinum nanoparticles are present on the surface of the ZIF-8/silica composite, and the polyethylene glycol surrounds the platinum nanoparticles present on the surface of the ZIF-8/silica composite.
1 . A drug delivery system, comprising:
a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8);
silica;
platinum nanoparticles; and
polyethylene glycol,
wherein the silica penetrates pores of the ZIF-8 and at least partially envelopes the ZIF-8 to form a ZIF-8/silica composite,
wherein the platinum nanoparticles are present on a surface of the ZIF-8/silica composite, and
wherein the polyethylene glycol surrounds the platinum nanoparticles present on the surface of the ZIF-8/silica composite.
2 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein particles of the drug delivery system have an average size of 100-200 nm.
3 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the platinum nanoparticles are spherical.
4 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the platinum nanoparticles have an average size of 4-10 nm.
5 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the platinum nanoparticles comprise Pt 0 .
6 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the platinum nanoparticles have a face-centered cubic crystal structure.
7 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein neem extract is bound to a portion of the platinum nanoparticles.
8 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the platinum nanoparticles form aggregates, and wherein the aggregates have an average size of 50-100 nm.
9 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the ZIF-8/silica composite has BET surface area of 50-100 m 2 /g, and an average pore size of 20-25 nm.
10 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the silica forms a shell around the ZIF-8 in the ZIF-8/silica composite.
11 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , comprising C, Pt, Si, Zn, Cl, and O.
12 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , having a zeta potential of −20 to −30 mV.
13 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the ZIF-8/silica composite has a maximum adsorption capacity for the platinum nanoparticles of 80-100 mg per gram of the ZIF-8/silica composite.
14 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein 80-100% of the platinum nanoparticles are released from the drug delivery system in an environment having a pH of 6.6 after 72 hours.
15 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , having an EC 50 for human breast cancer cells of 55-65 μg/mL.
16 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the drug delivery system has an EC 50 that is lower than an EC 50 for a same drug delivery system but with cisplatin instead of platinum nanoparticles.
17 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the platinum nanoparticles are made by a method comprising:
forming a powder of neem leaves;
mixing the powder of neem leaves in water, heating and filtering to form an extract;
mixing cisplatin in water to form a platinum solution;
mixing the platinum solution and the extract for 10-20 hours to form a reaction solution; and
separating the platinum nanoparticles from the reaction solution,
wherein a portion of the extract is bound to a surface of the platinum nanoparticles, and
wherein the platinum nanoparticles are aggregated.
18 . The drug delivery system of claim 17 , wherein the platinum nanoparticles are spherical.
19 . The drug delivery system of claim 18 , wherein the platinum nanoparticles have an average size of 4-10 nm.