Blood oxygenator with an organic membrane
The device for blood oxygenation includes a gas exchange chamber with passage openings. One side the chamber is connected in a gas-tight manner with the expansion tank feeding the gas mixture containing oxygen to the chamber, having the inlet opening of gas mixture from the feeding installation. The other side of the chamber is connected in a gas-tight manner with the gas mixture discharging tank, having the outlet opening of gas mixture. The inner part of the chamber has a membrane as a capillary bundle permeable to gas mixture particles and non-permeable to blood particles, ends of which are anchored in the passage openings. The capillary bundle is tensed with a tension force and is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the chamber and to each other, or are arranged spirally. The side wall of the chamber has at least one inlet/outlet opening.
1 . A device for blood oxygenation, with a membrane made of an organic material of blowing properties, comprising:
a gas exchange chamber having a longitudinal shape as a straight cylinder or a elliptic cylinder and being comprised of a first base on a first side of the longitudinal shape, a side wall, and a second base opposite said first base and on a second side of the longitudinal shape;
a first plurality of passage openings on said first base;
a second plurality of passage openings on said second base,
an expansion tank being in gas-tight connection with said first side so as to feed a gas mixture containing oxygen to said gas exchange chamber and being comprised of an inlet opening being configured so as to provide the gas mixture from a feeding installation;
a gas mixture discharging tank being in gas-tight connection with said second side so as to transport the gas mixture from said gas exchange chamber and being comprised of an outlet opening being configured so as to transport the gas mixture from said gas exchange chamber;
a membrane being comprised of a capillary bundle and being uniformly distributed inside said gas exchange chamber,
wherein said capillary bundle is comprised of a plurality of capillaries, each capillary of said plurality of capillaries being comprised of a semi-permeable material so as to be permeable to gas mixture particles and non-permeable to blood particles and having respective ends anchored in a corresponding passage opening of said first plurality of passage openings on said first base and a corresponding passage opening of said second plurality of passage openings on said second base,
wherein each capillary of said plurality of capillaries is tensed with a tension force of a value from 1 to 100 N,
wherein each capillary of said plurality of capillaries is parallel to the longitudinal axis of said gas exchange chamber and to each other, or each capillary of said plurality of capillaries is arranged spirally so as to be twisted along the longitudinal axis of said gas exchange chamber by an angle falling within a range from 15 to 720 degrees,
wherein each capillary of said plurality of capillaries is comprised of a tube having an external diameter from 30 to 600 μm;
a blood flow inlet opening in said side wall at said first side of said gas exchange chamber; and
a blood flow outlet opening in said side wall at said second side of said gas exchange chamber so as to flow a blood stream from said blood flow inlet opening to said blood flow outlet opening
wherein each capillary of said plurality of capillaries is comprised of an organic material having blowing, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties,
wherein the organic material consists of:
a base being at least one of a group consisting of: polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, teflon), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), copolymer of hexafluoropropylene, and tetrafluoroethylene (FEP); and
an admixture of albumin being embedded in a micro-structure of a base material and having a base admixture ratio from 80÷1 to 1200÷1, said membrane being comprised of 40 to 60% open pores and a remaining 60-40% closed pores and being filled with an active substance being comprised of albumin; or
an admixture of argatroban being embedded in said microstructure and having a corresponding base admixture ratio from 80÷1 to 1200÷1, said membrane being comprised of 40 to 60% open pores and a remaining 60-40% closed pores and being filled with a respective active substance being comprised of argatroban; or
an admixture of bivalirudin being embedded in said microstructure and having a corresponding base admixture ratio from 80÷1 to 1200÷1, said membrane being comprised of 40 to 60% open pores and a remaining 60-40% closed pores and being filled with a respective active substance being comprised of bivalirudin; or
an admixture of fondaparinux being embedded in said microstructure and having a corresponding base admixture ratio from 80÷1 to 1200÷1, said membrane being comprised of 40 to 60% open pores and a remaining 60-40% closed pores and being filled with a respective active substance being comprised of fondaparinux; or
an admixture of heparin being embedded in said microstructure and having a corresponding base admixture ratio from 80÷1 to 1200÷1, said membrane being comprised of 40 to 60% open pores and a remaining 60-40% closed pores and being filled with a respective active substance being comprised of heparin.
2 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a blood stream cooler being connected to said blood flow inlet so as to be configured for cooling down by 0.5-3.5° C.; and
a blood stream heating module being connected to said blood flow outlet so as to be configured for heating to a physiological blood temperature.
3 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 2 , wherein said blood stream cooler is comprised of Peltier cells, or wherein said blood stream heating module is comprised of respective Peltier cells.
4 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , wherein said blood flow inlet is comprised of an opening placed near said gas mixture discharging tank, and wherein said blood flow outlet is comprised of an opening placed near said expansion tank.
5 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , wherein said first plurality of passage openings are arranged in equal distances from each other and symmetrically to each other on said first base, wherein said second plurality of passage opening are arranged in equal distances from each other and symmetrically to each other on said second base, and wherein said plurality of capillaries are arranged in equal distances from each other and symmetrically to each other according to said first plurality of passage openings and said second plurality of passage openings.
6 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter assembled at said outlet opening of said gas mixture discharging tank.
7 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , wherein said blood flow inlet opening is at a distance not exceeding 5 mm from said first base, and wherein said blood flow outlet opening is at a distance not exceeding 5 mm from said second base.
8 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , wherein said blood flow inlet opening of blood stream is made at the is opposite side compared to the said blood flow outlet opening of blood stream, symmetrically to the chamber's centre of symmetry so as to be symmetrical across a center of said gas exchange chamber.
9 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , further comprising:
two blood stream regulators being assembled on an inner surface of said gas exchange chamber and along a length of said gas exchange chamber from said expansion tank to said gas mixture tank, said two blood stream regulators being symmetrical across a center of said gas exchange chamber,
wherein said two blood stream regulators are comprised of longitudinal notches, and
wherein said longitudinal notches are parallel to the longitudinal axis of gas exchange chamber corresponding to each capillary of said plurality of capillaries being parallel to the longitudinal axis of said gas exchange chamber or rotated along the longitudinal axis of said gas exchange chamber corresponding to each capillary of said plurality of capillaries being spirally twisted along the longitudinal axis of said gas exchange chamber by a same angle falling within the range from 15 to 720 degrees.
10 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , wherein said blood flow outlet opening is assembled with densely woven fiber mesh or an identical material to said semi-permeable material of each capillary of said plurality of capillaries, said identical material having mesh holes from 15 to 100 μm and transverse to said plurality of capillaries.
11 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , wherein said blood flow inlet opening is assembled with densely woven fibre fiber mesh or a respective identical material identical as the capillary to said semi-permeable material of each capillary of said plurality of capillaries, said respective identical material in a way that the having respective mesh holes have the side from 15 to 100 μm and transverse to said plurality of capillaries.
12 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a first blood flow outlet thrombus filter module connected to said blood flow outlet opening;
a second blood flow outlet thrombus filter module connected to said blood flow outlet opening; and
a bypass connected to said first blood flow outlet thrombus filter module and said second blood flow outlet thrombus filter module so as to direct a blood stream to either said first blood flow outlet thrombus filter module or said second blood flow outlet thrombus filter module interchangeably.
13 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a first blood flow outlet thrombus filter module connected to said blood flow outlet opening;
a second blood flow outlet thrombus filter module connected to said blood flow outlet opening; and
a bypass connected to said first blood flow outlet thrombus filter module and said second blood flow outlet thrombus filter module so as to direct a blood stream to either said first blood flow outlet thrombus filter module or said second blood flow outlet thrombus filter module interchangeably.
14 . The device for blood oxygenation, according to claim 12 , further comprising:
a blood stream heating module being connected to said blood flow outlet so as to be configured for heating to a physiological blood temperature and being downstream from said bypass, said first blood flow outlet thrombus filter module and said second blood flow outlet thrombus filter module.