System, apparatus and method for managing heat transfer in post combustion (CO2 and H2S) gas treating systems
A system for carbon capture and energy optimization includes a gas treating system configured to remove CO 2 and/or H 2 S from combustion device exhaust gas or natural gas during a sweetening process. One or more heat recovery heat exchangers recover thermal energy from the combustion device and/or the gas treating system. A thermal fluid loop transfers the recovered thermal energy to the gas treating system, one or more cooling subsystems, and/or auxiliary systems, enhancing gas recovery, energy efficiency, and system cooling. A control module dynamically manages energy recovery and allocation across the system to maximize CO 2 capture and energy efficiency. The system may include waste heat chillers for cooling combustion exhaust gas and stripped CO 2 gas, as well as predictive energy management features to optimize thermal energy distribution based on operational parameters. The system supports modular scalability and integration with multiple combustion devices to facilitate efficient and flexible carbon capture applications.
1 . A system, comprising:
a stationary, non-vehicular combustion device selected from the group consisting of a turbine, a boiler, an engine, and a furnace;
a gas treating system comprising at least one of
(i) an absorption-based system, comprising at least one absorber, the absorption-based system being configured as an independent absorption loop comprising a solvent fluid that circulates to treat a gas stream, and/or
(ii) an adsorption-based system comprising at least one adsorber, the adsorption-based system being configured as an independent adsorption loop comprising a stripping gas that circulates to strip a gas compound from the adsorber;
one or more heat recovery heat exchangers operatively coupled to the combustion device and/or to the gas treating system, wherein the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers are configured to recover thermal energy from the combustion device and/or the gas treating system;
a thermal fluid loop heat exchange mechanism configured to transfer thermal energy via thermal fluid:
(i) from the combustion device to the:
a) gas treating system for the gas treating system to recover gas compounds to enhance the efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat from the combustion device, and/or
b) one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to enhance energy efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat from the combustion device;
and/or
(ii) from the gas treating system to the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to enhance energy efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat from gas treating system,
and
a control module, wherein the control module is configured to cause energy to be selectively diverted from one or more of combustion device exhaust flow, thermal fluid, stripped gas, the stripping gas, the solvent fluid, compressed stripped gas, natural gas, compressed natural gas, chilled thermal fluid, jacket water fluid, auxiliary cooling water, and/or lube oil, through any of the gas treating system, the combustion device and/or the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to provide heat and/or cooling and/or power.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the control module is configured to cause heat to be recovered from the combustion device exhaust flow and/or from a heat-rejection circuit, to apply the recovered heat to the gas treating system and/or the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers.
3 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising an exhaust blower fan configured as an induced-draft or forced-draft unit to limit exhaust back-pressure caused by equipment in the exhaust system.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the control module is configured to cause energy to be diverted independently or simultaneously from the one or more of the combustion device exhaust flow, the thermal fluid, the stripped gas, the compressed stripped gas, the stripping gas, the solvent fluid, the natural gas, the compressed natural gas, the jacket water fluid, the chilled thermal fluid, the lube oil and/or the auxiliary cooling water.
5 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more compressors wherein the control module is configured to recover heat of compression from the compressed natural gas and/or the compressed stripped gas, and/or provide cooling to the compressed natural gas and/or the compressed stripped gas.
6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the combustion device comprises a plurality of combustion devices,
wherein the gas treating system comprises one or more of (i) an additional absorption-based system absorber, and/or (ii) an additional adsorption-based system adsorber, wherein the additional absorption-based system and additional adsorption-based system are configured to be coupled in parallel with the absorption-based system and adsorption-based system, respectively, to form a parallel gas treating system,
and wherein the parallel gas treating systems' absorbers and/or adsorbers are operatively coupled to the plurality of combustion devices to operate as a balance of plant for a single gas treating system.
7 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more waste heat chillers, wherein the control module is configured to cause thermal energy to be diverted to or from the one or more of the combustion device exhaust flow, the thermal fluid, the stripped gas, the stripping gas, the compressed stripped gas, the solvent, the natural gas, the compressed natural gas, the jacket water fluid, lube oil and/or auxiliary cooling water, to or from the one or more waste heat chillers.
8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the control module is configured to cause the combustion device exhaust flow to be cooled prior to entering the gas treating system.
9 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the control module is configured to cause the stripped gas to be cooled after leaving the gas treating system.
10 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the gas treating system is configured to (i) remove CO2 gas from the combustion device exhaust flow, and/or (ii) remove H2S and/or CO2 gas from natural gas during a gas sweetening process.
11 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising a radiator or aerial cooler, configured to provide cooling to at least one of:
(i) the combustion device exhaust flow prior to it entering the absorption-based system or the adsorption-based system,
(ii) the stripped gas prior to it entering a stripped gas cooler,
(iii) the compressed natural gas, and/or
(iv) the compressed stripped gas.
12 . A system, comprising:
a stationary, non-vehicular combustion device selected from the group consisting of a turbine, a boiler, an engine and a furnace;
one or more gas treatment modules comprising at least one of
(i) an absorption-based system, comprising at least one absorber, the absorption-based system being configured as an independent absorption loop comprising a solvent fluid that circulates to treat a gas stream, and/or
(ii) an adsorption-based system comprising at least one adsorber, the adsorption-based system being configured as an independent adsorption loop comprising a stripping gas that circulates to strip a gas compound from the adsorber;
one or more heat recovery heat exchangers operatively coupled to the combustion device and/or to the one or more gas treatment modules, wherein the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers are configured to recover thermal energy from the combustion device and/or the one or more gas treatment modules;
a thermal fluid loop heat exchange mechanism configured to transfer thermal energy via thermal fluid:
(i) from the combustion device to the:
a) one or more gas treatment modules for the one or more gas treatment modules to recover gas compounds to enhance the efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat from the combustion device, and/or
b) one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to enhance energy efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat from the combustion device;
and/or
(ii) from the one or more gas treatment modules to the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to enhance energy efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat from the one or more gas treatment modules,
and
a control module, wherein the control module is configured to cause energy to be selectively diverted from one or more of combustion device exhaust flow, thermal fluid, stripped gas, the stripping gas, the solvent fluid, compressed stripped gas, natural gas, compressed natural gas, chilled thermal fluid, jacket water fluid, auxiliary cooling water, and/or lube oil, through any of the one or more gas treatment modules, the combustion device and/or the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to provide heat and/or cooling and/or power.
13 . The system of claim 12 , further comprising one or more flow control devices comprising at least one of a valve, a diverter, a damper, a pump, a fan, and/or a compressor, wherein the control module is configured to selectively actuate the one or more flow control devices to cause the energy to be selectively diverted.
14 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the control module is configured to cause the system to operate in a default bypass configuration in which at least one of (i) the combustion device exhaust flow bypasses the one or more gas treatment modules, and/or (ii) thermal fluid bypasses at least one of the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers.
15 . The system of claim 12 , further comprising an exhaust system comprising at least one back-pressure limiting device comprising at least one of an induced-draft unit, a forced-draft unit, and/or an exhaust blower fan, wherein the back-pressure limiting device is configured to limit exhaust back-pressure caused by equipment in the exhaust system.
16 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers are configured to recover thermal energy from at least one of combustion device exhaust flow, jacket water fluid, auxiliary cooling water, and/or lube oil.
17 . The system of claim 12 , further comprising one or more compressors configured to compress at least one of natural gas and/or stripped gas, wherein the control module is configured to recover heat of compression from at least one of compressed natural gas and/or compressed stripped gas, and/or to provide cooling to at least one of the compressed natural gas and/or the compressed stripped gas.
18 . The system of claim 12 , further comprising one or more waste heat chillers, wherein the control module is configured to cause thermal energy to be diverted to the one or more waste heat chillers to generate chilled thermal fluid, and wherein the chilled thermal fluid is configured to provide cooling to at least one of the one or more gas treatment modules, the combustion device, the compressed natural gas, and/or the compressed stripped gas.
19 . The system of claim 12 , further comprising a radiator or aerial cooler, configured to provide cooling to at least one of:
(i) the combustion device exhaust flow prior to it entering the absorption-based system or the adsorption-based system,
(ii) the stripped gas prior to it entering a stripped gas cooler,
(iii) the compressed natural gas, and/or
(iv) the compressed stripped gas.
20 . A system, comprising:
a stationary, non-vehicular combustion device selected from the group consisting of a turbine, a boiler, an engine, and a furnace;
one or more treating modules comprising at least one of
(i) an absorption-based system, comprising at least one absorber, the absorption-based system being configured as an independent absorption loop comprising a solvent fluid that circulates to treat a gas stream, and/or
(ii) an adsorption-based system comprising at least one adsorber, the adsorption-based system being configured as an independent adsorption loop comprising a stripping gas that circulates to strip a gas compound from the adsorber;
one or more heat recovery heat exchangers operatively coupled to the combustion device and/or to the one or more treating modules, wherein the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers are configured to recover thermal energy from the combustion device and/or the one or more treating modules;
a thermal fluid loop heat exchange mechanism configured to transfer thermal energy via thermal fluid:
(i) from the combustion device to the:
a) one or more treating modules to enhance efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat and/or recovered thermal energy from the combustion device and/or from a thermal fluid return flow and/or from a heat rejection circuit flow, and/or
b) one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to enhance energy efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat and/or recovered thermal energy from the combustion device and/or from a thermal fluid return flow and/or from a heat rejection circuit flow;
and/or
(ii) from the one or more treating modules to the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to enhance energy efficiency in the system by utilizing waste heat and/or recovered thermal energy from the one or more treating modules; and
a control module, wherein the control module is configured to cause energy to be selectively diverted from one or more of combustion device exhaust flow, thermal fluid, stripped gas, the stripping gas, the solvent fluid, compressed stripped gas, natural gas, compressed natural gas, chilled thermal fluid, jacket water fluid, auxiliary cooling water, and/or lube oil, through any of the one or more treating modules, the combustion device and/or the one or more heat recovery heat exchangers to provide heat and/or cooling and/or power.