Quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, and use method thereof

1 . A quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, comprising a stationary working box ( 1 ) and a welding platform ( 2 ) integrally connected at a top end of the working box ( 1 ), wherein,

a welding base ( 3 ) is provided with a positioning groove ( 30 ) for precise placement of a welding material, an opening is formed in one side of the positioning groove ( 30 ), the welding platform ( 2 ) is provided with a plurality of parallel T-shaped grooves ( 20 ) for horizontal sliding of the welding base ( 3 ), the welding base ( 3 ) is further provided with a guide groove ( 31 ) integrally connected to the positioning groove ( 30 ), and a limiting slide plate ( 32 ) is slidably connected in the guide groove ( 31 ) of the welding base ( 3 );

a welding press block ( 4 ) abuts against the welding base ( 3 ) and limits the downward pressing on the welding material located in the positioning groove ( 30 ) of the welding base ( 3 ), and the welding press block ( 4 ) is distributed movably;

the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanisms ( 5 ) are configured to clamp the welding material; the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanisms ( 5 ) are symmetrically disposed on two sides of an upper surface of the welding platform along a width direction of the welding platform;

the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) comprises a support base ( 50 ), a pneumatic cylinder ( 51 ), an operating crank ( 52 ), a support frame ( 53 ), a press block ( 54 ) and a first pressure sensor ( 55 );

the support bases ( 50 ) are symmetrically mounted at two sides of a top end of the welding platform along a length direction of the welding platform, the pneumatic cylinder ( 51 ) is hinged to one side of the support base ( 50 ), an output end of the pneumatic cylinder ( 51 ) obliquely extends outward, and the operating crank ( 52 ) is hinged to the support base ( 50 ) by means of the support frame ( 53 ); one side of the operating crank ( 52 ) is hinged to the output end of the pneumatic cylinder ( 51 ) each other, the other side of the operating crank ( 52 ) is hinged to the press block ( 54 ) each other, a bottom of the press block ( 54 ) is provided with the first pressure sensor ( 55 ) which monitors a pressure for pressing the welding press block ( 4 ) in real time, and the press block ( 54 ) and the first pressure sensor ( 55 ) remain in a horizontal state at all times;

the press block ( 54 ) is further provided with a suction mechanism ( 8 ), the suction mechanism ( 8 ) comprises a suction machine ( 80 ), a wire ( 81 ) and a trigger lever ( 82 ), the suction machines ( 80 ) are disposed on two opposite sides of two press blocks ( 54 ), and a suction opening ( 84 ) is formed in an end of the press block ( 54 ) close to the suction machine ( 80 );

the wire ( 81 ) is mounted on a back side of the suction machine ( 80 ), the middle of the wire ( 81 ) is provided with two metal trigger sheets ( 83 ), the two metal trigger sheets ( 83 ) are symmetrically disposed in the press block ( 54 ) in a height direction of the press block ( 54 ), the metal trigger sheet ( 83 ) on one side is slidably disposed, the metal trigger sheet ( 83 ) on another side abuts against an inner wall of the press block ( 54 ), the trigger lever ( 82 ) abuts against the slidably disposed metal trigger sheet ( 83 ), and the trigger lever ( 82 ) slidably penetrates the press block ( 54 ) and extends toward the welding press block ( 4 ); and

a linkage lever ( 85 ) is further connected to one side of the trigger lever ( 82 ), an opening-closing door ( 87 ) slidably mounted in the suction opening ( 84 ) of the press block ( 54 ) is disposed at an end of the linkage lever ( 85 ) remote from the trigger lever ( 82 ), and a reset tension spring ( 86 ) is connected between the opening-closing door ( 87 ) and the press block ( 54 ).

2 . The quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 1 , wherein the middle of the welding press block ( 4 ) is provided with a circular truncated cone through slot ( 40 ) for a mixing head required for welding to move and perform sport welding in a height direction of the welding platform ( 2 ), and a V-shaped through groove ( 41 ) for observing the entire welding process is further integrally formed at the circular truncated cone through slot ( 40 ) of the welding press block ( 4 ).

3 . The quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 1 , wherein a limiting mechanism ( 6 ) for controlling a movement of the limiting slide plate is further disposed on one side of the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ), and the limiting mechanism ( 6 ) comprises a sliding bottom plate ( 60 ), a stepping motor ( 61 ), a coupler ( 62 ) and a lead screw ( 63 ); and

the sliding bottom plate ( 60 ) is slidably disposed on the T-shaped grooves ( 20 ) of the welding platform ( 2 ), the stepping motor ( 61 ) is slidably disposed on the sliding bottom plate ( 60 ), the sliding bottom plate ( 60 ) is provided with a strip-shaped sliding groove for sliding of the stepping motor ( 61 ), the lead screw ( 63 ) is mounted on an output end of the stepping motor ( 61 ) by means of the coupler ( 62 ), and the lead screw ( 63 ) extends toward the limiting slide plate ( 32 ).

4 . The quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 1 , wherein a second pressure sensor ( 33 ) is mounted at an end of the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) remote from the lead screw ( 63 ).

5 . The quick-pressing clamp for friction stir spot welding according to claim 3 , wherein a lead screw securing block ( 64 ) is further disposed on the welding base ( 3 ), the lead screw ( 63 ) is screwed and penetrates the lead screw securing block ( 64 ), one side of the lead screw ( 63 ) extends toward the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ), and the lead screw securing block ( 64 ) is assembled by means of bolts.

6 . The quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 5 , wherein a snap-in block ( 65 ) is further integrally connected to an end of the lead screw ( 63 ) close to the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), the snap-in block ( 65 ) is inserted onto the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) is provided with a catch slot ( 66 ) for the insertion of the snap-in block ( 65 ), the snap-in block ( 65 ) and the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) are jointly provided with a circular limiting hole ( 67 ), and a connecting bolt ( 68 ) is disposed in the circular limiting hole ( 67 ).

7 . The quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 3 , wherein the welding base ( 3 ) and the sliding bottom plate ( 60 ) are disposed in the T-shaped grooves ( 20 ) of the welding platform ( 2 ) by means of bolts and nuts.

8 . The quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 1 , wherein a side of the support base ( 50 ) close to the press block ( 54 ) is provided with a movement groove for the rotation of the operating crank ( 52 ).

9 . A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 1 , wherein the method comprises:

S1, placing a welding material: placing the welding material to be machined on the welding base ( 3 ), and controlling the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ) to move in a direction where the welding material is located, until the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) abuts against a side wall of the welding material;

S2, preliminarily clamping the welding material: after the welding material is pressed and limited by the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), placing the welding press block ( 4 ) on a surface of the welding material while the welding press block ( 4 ) is located at the middle of the welding material;

S3, preliminarily clamping the welding material: activating the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) to press down the welding press block ( 4 ), such that the welding press block ( 4 ) secondarily limits the welding material at the bottom of the welding press block; and

S4, machining the welding material: after the welding material is clamped and limited, activating the mixing head to perform a spot welding operation on the welding material until the welding is completed, and finally taking out the welding material subjected to the spot welding after the welding is finished.

10 . A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 2 , wherein the method comprises:

S1, placing a welding material: placing the welding material to be machined on the welding base ( 3 ), and controlling the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ) to move in a direction where the welding material is located, until the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) abuts against a side wall of the welding material;

S2, preliminarily clamping the welding material: after the welding material is pressed and limited by the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), placing the welding press block ( 4 ) on a surface of the welding material while the welding press block ( 4 ) is located at the middle of the welding material;

S3, preliminarily clamping the welding material: activating the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) to press down the welding press block ( 4 ), such that the welding press block ( 4 ) secondarily limits the welding material at the bottom of the welding press block; and

S4, machining the welding material: after the welding material is clamped and limited, activating the mixing head to perform a spot welding operation on the welding material until the welding is completed, and finally taking out the welding material subjected to the spot welding after the welding is finished.

11 . A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 3 , wherein the method comprises:

S1, placing a welding material: placing the welding material to be machined on the welding base ( 3 ), and controlling the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ) to move in a direction where the welding material is located, until the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) abuts against a side wall of the welding material;

S2, preliminarily clamping the welding material: after the welding material is pressed and limited by the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), placing the welding press block ( 4 ) on a surface of the welding material while the welding press block ( 4 ) is located at the middle of the welding material;

S3, preliminarily clamping the welding material: activating the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) to press down the welding press block ( 4 ), such that the welding press block ( 4 ) secondarily limits the welding material at the bottom of the welding press block; and

S4, machining the welding material: after the welding material is clamped and limited, activating the mixing head to perform a spot welding operation on the welding material until the welding is completed, and finally taking out the welding material subjected to the spot welding after the welding is finished.

12 . A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 4 , wherein the method comprises:

S1, placing a welding material: placing the welding material to be machined on the welding base ( 3 ), and controlling the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ) to move in a direction where the welding material is located, until the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) abuts against a side wall of the welding material;

S2, preliminarily clamping the welding material: after the welding material is pressed and limited by the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), placing the welding press block ( 4 ) on a surface of the welding material while the welding press block ( 4 ) is located at the middle of the welding material;

S3, preliminarily clamping the welding material: activating the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) to press down the welding press block ( 4 ), such that the welding press block ( 4 ) secondarily limits the welding material at the bottom of the welding press block; and

S4, machining the welding material: after the welding material is clamped and limited, activating the mixing head to perform a spot welding operation on the welding material until the welding is completed, and finally taking out the welding material subjected to the spot welding after the welding is finished.

13 . A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 5 , wherein the method comprises:

S1, placing a welding material: placing the welding material to be machined on the welding base ( 3 ), and controlling the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ) to move in a direction where the welding material is located, until the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) abuts against a side wall of the welding material;

S2, preliminarily clamping the welding material: after the welding material is pressed and limited by the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), placing the welding press block ( 4 ) on a surface of the welding material while the welding press block ( 4 ) is located at the middle of the welding material;

S3, preliminarily clamping the welding material: activating the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) to press down the welding press block ( 4 ), such that the welding press block ( 4 ) secondarily limits the welding material at the bottom of the welding press block; and

S4, machining the welding material: after the welding material is clamped and limited, activating the mixing head to perform a spot welding operation on the welding material until the welding is completed, and finally taking out the welding material subjected to the spot welding after the welding is finished.

14 . A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 6 , wherein the method comprises:

S1, placing a welding material: placing the welding material to be machined on the welding base ( 3 ), and controlling the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ) to move in a direction where the welding material is located, until the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) abuts against a side wall of the welding material;

S2, preliminarily clamping the welding material: after the welding material is pressed and limited by the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), placing the welding press block ( 4 ) on a surface of the welding material while the welding press block ( 4 ) is located at the middle of the welding material;

S3, preliminarily clamping the welding material: activating the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) to press down the welding press block ( 4 ), such that the welding press block ( 4 ) secondarily limits the welding material at the bottom of the welding press block; and

S4, machining the welding material: after the welding material is clamped and limited, activating the mixing head to perform a spot welding operation on the welding material until the welding is completed, and finally taking out the welding material subjected to the spot welding after the welding is finished.

15 . A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 7 , wherein the method comprises:

S1, placing a welding material: placing the welding material to be machined on the welding base ( 3 ), and controlling the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ) to move in a direction where the welding material is located, until the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) abuts against a side wall of the welding material;

S2, preliminarily clamping the welding material: after the welding material is pressed and limited by the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), placing the welding press block ( 4 ) on a surface of the welding material while the welding press block ( 4 ) is located at the middle of the welding material;

S3, preliminarily clamping the welding material: activating the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) to press down the welding press block ( 4 ), such that the welding press block ( 4 ) secondarily limits the welding material at the bottom of the welding press block; and

S4, machining the welding material: after the welding material is clamped and limited, activating the mixing head to perform a spot welding operation on the welding material until the welding is completed, and finally taking out the welding material subjected to the spot welding after the welding is finished.

16 . A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 8 , wherein the method comprises:

S1, placing a welding material: placing the welding material to be machined on the welding base ( 3 ), and controlling the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) on the welding base ( 3 ) to move in a direction where the welding material is located, until the limiting slide plate ( 32 ) abuts against a side wall of the welding material;

S2, preliminarily clamping the welding material: after the welding material is pressed and limited by the limiting slide plate ( 32 ), placing the welding press block ( 4 ) on a surface of the welding material while the welding press block ( 4 ) is located at the middle of the welding material;

S3, preliminarily clamping the welding material: activating the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism ( 5 ) to press down the welding press block ( 4 ), such that the welding press block ( 4 ) secondarily limits the welding material at the bottom of the welding press block; and

S4, machining the welding material: after the welding material is clamped and limited, activating the mixing head to perform a spot welding operation on the welding material until the welding is completed, and finally taking out the welding material subjected to the spot welding after the welding is finished.