Drive device and deterioration discrimination method
A drive apparatus includes a power circuit and a deterioration determining device. The power circuit outputs, to a load, a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a natural frequency of at least one member of the load or a vibratory member to vibrate when receiving vibration resulting from an electromagnetic excitation force generated in the load or by a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotator that is one of the at least one member. The deterioration determining device generates frequency domain data based on a sensor signal output by a vibration sensor and determines deterioration of the at least one member of the load or the vibratory member based on a value of a frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used to determine the frequency of the current component.
1 . A drive apparatus, comprising:
a power circuit to output, to a load, a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a natural frequency of at least one member of the load, a natural frequency of a vibratory member to vibrate when receiving vibration resulting from an electromagnetic excitation force generated in the load, or a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotator that is rotatable, the rotator being one of the at least one member; and
a deterioration determining device to generate frequency domain data indicating a magnitude of vibration of the load or the vibratory member for each frequency based on a sensor signal output by a vibration sensor to measure a magnitude of vibration of the load or the vibratory member, and determine any deterioration of the at least one member of the load or the vibratory member based on a value of a frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used in determination of the frequency of the current component.
2 . The drive apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the power circuit outputs, to the load, a current including one or more current components each having a frequency determined by the natural frequency of one of the at least one member of the load or the vibratory member or by the value of the natural number multiple of the rotation frequency of the rotator, and having an amplitude smaller than an amplitude of a rated current of the power circuit.
3 . The drive apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein
the deterioration determining device determines any deterioration of the at least one member or the vibratory member based on the value of the frequency spectrum at the natural frequency indicated by the frequency domain data and a threshold spectrum defined for each of the at least one member and the vibratory member.
4 . The drive apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein
the at least one member of the load includes a plurality of members, and the power circuit outputs a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a value of the natural frequency of one of the plurality of members or the vibratory member or by the value of the natural number multiple of the rotation frequency of the rotator that is rotatable that is one of the plurality of members,
the power circuit changes the frequency of the current component for each determination period that is a period for determining deterioration, and
the deterioration determining device determines deterioration of the plurality of members and the vibratory member based on the value of the frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used in determination of the frequency of the current component and the threshold spectrum defined for each of the plurality of members and the vibratory member.
5 . The drive apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein
the power circuit outputs, to an electric motor included in the load, a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotor or a shaft that is the rotator included in the electric motor, the natural number being two or greater.
6 . The drive apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein
the drive apparatus is mountable on a railway vehicle, and includes a plurality of the power circuits each to output, to an electric motor included in a load of a plurality of the loads different from each other, a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a natural frequency of at least one member of the electric motor or the vibratory member corresponding to the electric motor to vibrate when receiving vibration resulting from an electromagnetic excitation force generated in the electric motor or by a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotator that is rotatable, the rotator being one of the at least one member, and
the deterioration determining device generates the frequency domain data based on a sensor signal output by a vibration sensor to measure a magnitude of vibration of the electric motor receiving a current supply from a corresponding power circuit of the plurality of power circuits or a magnitude of vibration of the vibratory member corresponding to the electric motor, and determines any deterioration of the at least one member of the electric motor or the vibratory member based on a value of a frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data for the electric motor or the vibratory member at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used to determine the frequency of the current component.
7 . The drive apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the power circuit includes a plurality of switching elements, converts input power to alternating current power to be supplied to an electric motor included in the load to generate a driving force for a railway vehicle, and supplies the alternating current power resulting from conversion to the electric motor,
the drive apparatus further comprises a control device to generate a voltage command indicating a target value of an output voltage of the power circuit, generate a plurality of switching control signals determined by the voltage command and a carrier wave signal, and transmit the plurality of switching control signals to the plurality of switching elements included in the power circuit, and
the control device generates, during acceleration of the railway vehicle, the voltage command having a frequency determined by a rotational speed of the electric motor, and generates, during coasting or deceleration of the railway vehicle, the voltage command having a frequency determined by a value of a natural frequency of at least one member of the electric motor, a value of the natural frequency of the vibratory member, or the value of the natural number multiple of the rotation frequency of the rotator and having an amplitude smaller than an amplitude of the voltage command generated during acceleration of the railway vehicle.
8 . The drive apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein
the deterioration determining device determines any deterioration of the at least one member or the vibratory member based on the value of the frequency spectrum at the natural frequency indicated by the frequency domain data and a threshold spectrum defined for each of the at least one member and the vibratory member.
9 . The drive apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein
the at least one member of the load includes a plurality of members, and the power circuit outputs a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a value of the natural frequency of one of the plurality of members or the vibratory member or by the value of the natural number multiple of the rotation frequency of the rotator that is rotatable that is one of the plurality of members,
the power circuit changes the frequency of the current component for each determination period that is a period for determining deterioration, and
the deterioration determining device determines deterioration of the plurality of members and the vibratory member based on the value of the frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used in determination of the frequency of the current component and the threshold spectrum defined for each of the plurality of members and the vibratory member.
10 . The drive apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein
the control device stops supplying alternating current power to the electric motor when the deterioration determining device determines deterioration occurs in the at least one member or the vibratory member.
11 . The drive apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein
the power circuit outputs, to an electric motor included in the load, a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotor or a shaft that is the rotator included in the electric motor, the natural number being two or greater.
12 . The drive apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein
the drive apparatus is mountable on a railway vehicle, and includes a plurality of the power circuits each to output, to an electric motor included in a load of a plurality of the loads different from each other, a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a natural frequency of at least one member of the electric motor or the vibratory member corresponding to the electric motor to vibrate when receiving vibration resulting from an electromagnetic excitation force generated in the electric motor or by a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotator that is rotatable, the rotator being one of the at least one member, and
the deterioration determining device generates the frequency domain data based on a sensor signal output by a vibration sensor to measure a magnitude of vibration of the electric motor receiving a current supply from a corresponding power circuit of the plurality of power circuits or a magnitude of vibration of the vibratory member corresponding to the electric motor, and determines any deterioration of the at least one member of the electric motor or the vibratory member based on a value of a frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data for the electric motor or the vibratory member at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used to determine the frequency of the current component.
13 . The drive apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the power circuit superimposes, on a rated current, one or more current components each having a frequency determined by a value of the natural frequency of one of the at least one member of the load or the vibratory member or by the value of the natural number multiple of the rotation frequency of the rotator and having an amplitude smaller than an amplitude of the rated current, and outputs the rated current on which the one or more current components are superimposed.
14 . The drive apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the power circuit converts input power to alternating current power to be supplied to an electric motor included in the load, and supplies the alternating current power resulting from conversion to the electric motor,
the drive apparatus further comprises a control device to generate a voltage command indicating a target value of an output voltage of the power circuit, generate a plurality of switching control signals determined by the target value indicated by the voltage command and a value of a carrier wave signal, and transmit the plurality of switching control signals to a plurality of switching elements included in the power circuit, and
the control device generates, when a rotational speed of the electric motor is higher than a threshold rotational speed, the voltage command having a frequency determined by the rotational speed of the electric motor, and generates, when the rotational speed of the electric motor is lower than or equal to the threshold rotational speed, the voltage command having a frequency determined by a value of a natural frequency of at least one member of the electric motor, a value of the natural frequency of the vibratory member, or the value of the natural number multiple of the rotation frequency of the rotator and having an amplitude smaller than an amplitude of the voltage command generated when the rotational speed of the electric motor is higher than the threshold rotational speed, the natural number being two or greater.
15 . The drive apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein
the control device stops supplying alternating current power to the electric motor when the deterioration determining device determines deterioration occurs in the at least one member or the vibratory member.
16 . The drive apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the deterioration determining device determines any deterioration of the at least one member or the vibratory member based on the value of the frequency spectrum at the natural frequency indicated by the frequency domain data and a threshold spectrum defined for each of the at least one member and the vibratory member.
17 . The drive apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein
the at least one member of the load includes a plurality of members, and the power circuit outputs a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a value of the natural frequency of one of the plurality of members or the vibratory member or by the value of the natural number multiple of the rotation frequency of the rotator that is rotatable that is one of the plurality of members,
the power circuit changes the frequency of the current component for each determination period that is a period for determining deterioration, and
the deterioration determining device determines deterioration of the plurality of members and the vibratory member based on the value of the frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used in determination of the frequency of the current component and the threshold spectrum defined for each of the plurality of members and the vibratory member.
18 . The drive apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the power circuit outputs, to an electric motor included in the load, a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotor or a shaft that is the rotator included in the electric motor, the natural number being two or greater.
19 . The drive apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the drive apparatus is mountable on a railway vehicle, and includes a plurality of the power circuits each to output, to an electric motor included in a load of a plurality of the loads different from each other, a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a natural frequency of at least one member of the electric motor or the vibratory member corresponding to the electric motor to vibrate when receiving vibration resulting from an electromagnetic excitation force generated in the electric motor or by a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotator that is rotatable, the rotator being one of the at least one member, and
the deterioration determining device generates the frequency domain data based on a sensor signal output by a vibration sensor to measure a magnitude of vibration of the electric motor receiving a current supply from a corresponding power circuit of the plurality of power circuits or a magnitude of vibration of the vibratory member corresponding to the electric motor, and determines any deterioration of the at least one member of the electric motor or the vibratory member based on a value of a frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data for the electric motor or the vibratory member at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used to determine the frequency of the current component.
20 . A deterioration determining method, comprising:
generating frequency domain data based on a sensor signal output by a vibration sensor to measure a magnitude of vibration of a load receiving a current supply from a power circuit or a magnitude of vibration of a vibratory member, the power circuit being configured to output a current including a current component having a frequency determined by a natural frequency of at least one member of the load or the vibratory member to vibrate when receiving vibration resulting from an electromagnetic excitation force generated in the load or by a value of a natural number multiple of a rotation frequency of a rotator that is rotatable, the rotator being one of the at least one member; and
determining any deterioration of the at least one member of the load or the vibratory member based on a value of a frequency spectrum indicated by the frequency domain data at the natural frequency or the rotation frequency used in determination of the frequency of the current component.