IP Library › Granted Patent US 12686299
Granted Patent B2
US 12686299 · App. 18/625,527 · Granted Jul 21, 2026

Battery system

Inventors: Sagar Nagaluru (Rochester Hills, MI); Nitin Bharane (Rochester Hills, MI); Sandeep Vankineni (Northville, MI); Bhavya Jampani (Warren, MI)
Assignee: LG Energy Solution, Ltd.
B60L58/18B60L3/0084H01M10/425H03K17/60H03K17/687B60L2240/547H01M2010/4278
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12686299
App. No.
18/625,527
Granted
Jul 21, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

A battery system includes a battery subpack having first and second battery cells, a cell monitoring circuit, and a subpack microprocessor. The cell monitoring circuit obtains first and second voltage values. A first switch circuit applies an operational voltage to the subpack microprocessor in response to a first control signal from a master controller. The master controller sends a first message that requests the first and second voltage values from the subpack microprocessor. The master controller stops generating the first control signal to induce the first switch circuit to remove the operational voltage from the subpack microprocessor when the master controller does not receive a second message having the first and second voltage values from the subpack microprocessor within a predetermined amount of time after sending the first message.

Claims (66)

1 . A battery system, comprising:

a first battery subpack having a subpack microprocessor operably coupled to a first electrical connector;

a first switch circuit being electrically coupled to the first battery subpack, the first switch circuit applying an operational voltage to the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack when the first switch circuit receives a first control signal from a master controller;

the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack determining voltages at a plurality of ports coupled to the first electrical connector to determine a first address associated with the first battery subpack when receiving the operational voltage;

the first battery subpack having first and second battery cells electrically coupled in series to one another, a cell monitoring circuit, and the subpack microprocessor; the cell monitoring circuit of the first battery subpack being operably coupled to the first and second battery cells thereof, the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack operably communicating with the cell monitoring circuit thereof; the cell monitoring circuit of the first battery subpack measuring first and second voltages of the first and second battery cells, respectively, thereof to obtain first and second voltage values, respectively;

the first switch circuit being electrically coupled to the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack, the first switch circuit applying the operational voltage to the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack when the first switch circuit receives the first control signal from the master controller;

the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack sending a first message with the first address to the master controller;

the master controller sending a second message that requests the first and second voltage values from the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack;

the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack sending a third message having the first and second voltage values of the first battery subpack to the master controller;

the master controller stopping a generation of the first control signal to induce the first switch circuit to remove the operational voltage from the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack when the master controller does not receive the third message having the first and second voltage values from the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack within a first predetermined amount of time after sending the second message;

the master controller sending a fourth message to a vehicle controller requesting that the vehicle controller reduce an electrical load of a vehicle powertrain when the master controller does not receive the third message having the first and second voltage values of the first battery subpack within a second predetermined amount of time after sending the second message.

2 . The battery system of claim 1 , wherein:

the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack stores the first address in a memory device.

3 . The battery system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a second battery subpack having a subpack microprocessor operably coupled to a second electrical connector;

a second switch circuit being electrically coupled to the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack, the second switch circuit applying an operational voltage to the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack when the second switch circuit receives a second control signal from the master controller;

the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack determining voltages at a plurality of ports coupled to the second electrical connector to determine a second address associated with the second battery subpack when receiving the operational voltage thereof; and

the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack sending a fifth message with the second address to the master controller.

4 . The battery system of claim 3 , wherein:

the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack stores the second address in a memory device.

5 . The battery system of claim 1 , wherein:

the first predetermined amount of time is one second; and the second predetermined amount of time is 500 milliseconds.

6 . The battery system of claim 1 , wherein:

the first battery subpack has a transceiver that operably communicates with the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack;

the master controller having a master microprocessor and a transceiver operably communicating with one another; and

the transceiver of the master controller operably communicating with the transceiver of the first battery subpack.

7 . The battery system of claim 6 , wherein:

the transceiver of the first battery subpack being a CAN transceiver, and the transceiver of the master controller being another CAN transceiver.

8 . The battery system of claim 1 , wherein:

the first battery subpack having an RF transmitter and an RF receiver; the cell monitoring circuit of the first battery subpack being operably coupled to the RF transmitter, the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack being operably coupled to the RF receiver;

the RF transmitter sending the first and second voltage values corresponding to the first and second voltages, respectively, of the first and second battery cells, respectively, to the RF receiver; and

the subpack microprocessor receiving the first and second voltage values from the RF receiver.

9 . The battery system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a second battery subpack having first and second battery cells electrically coupled in series to one another, a cell monitoring circuit, and a subpack microprocessor; the cell monitoring circuit of the second battery subpack being operably coupled to the first and second battery cells, respectively, thereof, the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack operably communicating with the cell monitoring circuit thereof; the cell monitoring circuit of the second battery subpack measuring first and second voltages of the first and second battery cells thereof to obtain first and second voltage values, respectively thereof;

a second switch circuit being electrically coupled to the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack, the second switch circuit applying an operational voltage to the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack when the second switch circuit receives a second control signal from the master controller;

the master controller sending a sixth message that requests the first and second voltage values from the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack; and

the master controller stopping a generation of the second control signal to induce the second switch circuit to remove the operational voltage from the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack when the master controller does not receive a seventh message having the first and second voltage values from the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack within a third predetermined amount of time after sending the sixth message.

10 . The battery system of claim 1 , wherein:

The battery system of the first battery subpack having first and second battery cells electrically coupled in series to one another, a cell monitoring circuit, the subpack microprocessor, and first and second subpack contactors; the cell monitoring circuit of the first battery subpack being operably coupled to the first and second battery cells thereof, the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack operably communicating with the cell monitoring circuit thereof, the cell monitoring circuit of the first battery subpack measuring first and second voltages of the first and second battery cells, respectively, thereof to obtain first and second voltage values, respectively;

the subpack microprocessor receiving the second message requesting the first and second voltage values of the first battery subpack from the master controller;

the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack inducing the first and second subpack contactors of the first battery subpack to each have an open operational state when the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack does not receive the fourth message from the master controller acknowledging receipt of the third message within a predetermined amount of time after sending the second message.

11 . The battery system of claim 10 , wherein:

the predetermined amount of time is 700 milliseconds.

12 . The battery system of claim 10 , wherein:

the first battery subpack having an RF transmitter and an RF receiver; the cell monitoring circuit of the first battery subpack being operably coupled to the RF transmitter, the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack being operably coupled to the RF receiver;

the RF transmitter sending the first and second voltage values corresponding to the first and second voltages, respectively, of the first and second battery cells, respectively, to the RF receiver; and

the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack receiving the first and second voltage values from the RF receiver.

13 . The battery system of claim 10 , wherein:

the first subpack contactor of the first battery subpack being coupled to a positive terminal of the first battery cell of the first battery subpack; and

the second subpack contactor of the first battery subpack being coupled to a negative terminal of the second battery cell of the first battery subpack.

14 . The battery system of claim 10 , further comprising:

a first pack contactor being electrically coupled to the first subpack contactor of the first battery subpack; and

a second pack contactor being electrically coupled to the second subpack contactor of the first battery subpack.

15 . The battery system of claim 10 , wherein:

the first battery subpack having a transceiver that operably communicates with the subpack microprocessor of the first battery subpack;

the master controller having a master microprocessor and a transceiver operably communicating with one another; and

the transceiver of the master controller operably communicating with the transceiver of the first battery subpack.

16 . The battery system of claim 10 , further comprising:

a second battery subpack having first and second battery cells electrically coupled in series to one another, a cell monitoring circuit, a subpack microprocessor, and first and second subpack contactors; the cell monitoring circuit of the second battery subpack being operably coupled to the first and second battery cells thereof, the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack operably communicating with the cell monitoring circuit thereof, the cell monitoring circuit of the second battery subpack measuring first and second voltages of the first and second battery cells, respectively, thereof to obtain first and second voltage values, respectively;

the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack receiving the sixth message requesting the first and second voltage values of the second battery subpack from the master controller;

the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack sending a seventh message having the first and second voltage values of the second battery subpack to the master controller; and

the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack inducing the first and second subpack contactors of the second battery subpack to each have an open operational state when the subpack microprocessor of the second battery subpack does not receive an eighth message from the master controller acknowledging receipt of the seventh message with the predetermined amount of time after sending the sixth message.

17 . The battery system of claim 15 , wherein:

the first subpack contactor of the second battery subpack being coupled to a positive terminal of the first battery cell of the second battery subpack; and the second subpack contactor of the second battery subpack being coupled to a negative terminal of the second battery cell of the second battery subpack.

18 . The battery system of claim 15 , further comprising:

a first pack contactor being electrically coupled to the first subpack contactor of the second battery subpack; and a second pack contactor being electrically coupled to the second subpack contactor of the second battery subpack.