Bidentate phosphite ligands, catalytic compositions containing such ligands, and catalytic processes utilizing such catalytic compositions
A bidentate phosphite ligand having the following structure: Formula (I) wherein each R 1 group is an alkyl group or an aryl group and the two R 1 groups bonded to the same phosphorus atom may be interconnected, wherein, when each R 1 group is an alkyl group, the two alkyl groups bonded to the same phosphorous atom are interconnected; and wherein each R 2 group is an alkyl group.
1 . A process for the hydrocyanation of an organic compound containing at least one olefinic group comprising reacting the organic compound with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a catalyst complex comprising at least one transition metal and a bidentate phosphite ligand having the following structure:
wherein
each R 1 group is an alkyl group or an aryl group and the two R 1 groups bonded to the same phosphorus atom may be interconnected, and
each R 2 group is an alkyl group.
2 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic compound comprises 1,3-butadiene.
3 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic compound comprises 3-pentenenitrile.
4 . The process of claim 1 , wherein a product of the hydrocyanation is a monoethylenically unsaturated compound, wherein the process further comprises double bond isomerization of the monoethylenically unsaturated compound comprising contacting the monoethylenically unsaturated compound with the catalyst complex.
5 . The process of claim 4 , wherein the monoethylenically unsaturated compound comprises 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile.
6 . The process of claim 1 , wherein each R 2 group is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
7 . The process of claim 1 , wherein each R 2 group is a methyl group.
8 . The process of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the two R 1 groups bonded to the same phosphorus atom may be interconnected.
9 . The process of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the two R 1 groups bonded to the same phosphorus atom are interconnected.
10 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the two R 1 groups bonded to the same phosphorus atom are interconnected to form the following structure:
11 . The process of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a phenyl ring which is substituted with one or more alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
12 . The process of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a phenyl ring which is substituted with one or more methyl groups.
13 . The process of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a xylyl group.
14 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the bidentate phosphite ligand has one of the following structures:
15 . The process of any claim 1 , wherein the at least one transition metal comprises nickel.
16 . A process for the isomerization of a monoethylenically unsaturated compound comprising contacting said compound with a catalyst complex comprising at least one transition metal and a bidentate phosphite ligand having the following structure:
wherein
each R 1 group is an alkyl group or an aryl group and the two R 1 groups bonded to the same phosphorus atom may be interconnected, and
each R 2 group is an alkyl group.
17 . A bidentate phosphite ligand having the following structure:
wherein
each R 1 group is
an alkyl group and the two R 1 groups bonded to the same phosphorus atom are interconnected to form the following structure:
R 1 is a phenyl ring which is optionally substituted with one or more alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and
each R 2 group is an alkyl group.
18 . The bidentate phosphite ligand of claim 17 having one of the following structures:
19 . A catalyst complex comprising the bidentate phosphite ligand of claim 17 and at least one transition metal comprising nickel.
20 . The bidentate phosphite ligand of claim 17 , wherein R 1 is a phenyl ring which is substituted with one or more alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.