Polymeric wax deposition inhibitor
The present invention discloses a homo-polymeric and co-polymeric wax inhibitor (WI) useful for the flow of waxy crude oil and their synthesis thereof. The WI(s) comprises of any one of C14 to C24 fatty alcohol or mixture thereof in 2 mol % to 50 mol %, and an unsaturated organic acid i.e. acrylic acid, and poly alpha olefins i.e. poly alpha hexene, poly alpha octene, poly alpha decene, poly alpha dodecene of composition ranging from about 0.01 wt % to 20 wt % wherein the average molecular weight of poly alpha olefins used ranged from 1000 to 10000. A method of preparing a series of WI(s) with varying compositional ratios of the fatty alcohols, acrylic acid and polyalpha olefins targeting a wide range (C17 to C65 or beyond) of wax present in waxy crude oil is also disclosed.
1 . A wax inhibitor, comprising copolymers of:
80 wt % to 99.99 wt % of a C14 to C24 fatty unsaturated ester comprised of a monomer comprising a C14 to C24 fatty alcohol and an unsaturated organic acid; and
0.01 wt % to 20 wt % of a polyalpha olefin.
2 . The wax inhibitor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated organic acid is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, and maleic acid.
3 . The wax inhibitor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the C14 to C24 fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of C14, C16, C18, C20, C22 and C24 alcohol.
4 . The wax inhibitor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polyalpha olefin is selected from the group consisting of polyalpha hexene, polyalpha octene, polyalpha decene, and polyalpha dodecene.
5 . The wax inhibitor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wax inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of:
i. copolymer of C14 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha hexene;
ii. copolymer of C16 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha hexene;
iii. copolymer of C18 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha hexene;
iv. copolymer of C20 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha hexene;
v. copolymer of C22 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha hexene;
vi. copolymer of C24 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha hexene;
vii. copolymer of C14 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha octene;
viii. copolymer of C16 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha octene;
ix. copolymer of C18 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha octene;
x. copolymer of C20 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha octene;
xi. copolymer of C22 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha octene;
xii. copolymer of C24 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha octene;
xiii. copolymer of C14 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha decene;
xiv. copolymer of C16 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha decene;
xv. copolymer of C18 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha decene;
xvi. copolymer of C20 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha decene;
xvii. copolymer of C22 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha decene;
xviii. copolymer of C24 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha decene;
xix. copolymer of C14 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha dodecane;
xx. copolymer of C16 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha dodecane;
xxi. copolymer of C18 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha dodecane;
xxii. copolymer of C20 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha dodecane;
xxiii. copolymer of C22 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha dodecane;
xxiv. copolymer of C24 fatty alcohol acrylate with polyalpha dodecane;
xxv. copolymer of a mixture of C14-C24 fatty alcohol acrylates with polyalpha decene;
xxvi. copolymer of a mixture of C14-C24 fatty alcohol acrylates with polyalpha decene;
xxvii. copolymer of a mixture of C14-C24 fatty alcohol acrylates with polyalpha olefin of C6-C12;
xxviii. copolymer of a mixture of C14-C24 fatty alcohol acrylates with polyalpha olefin of C6-C12;
xxix. copolymer of a mixture of C14-C24 fatty alcohol acrylates with 0.01 wt % of polyalpha dodecane; and
xxx. copolymer of a mixture of C14-C24 fatty alcohol acrylates with 20.0 wt % of polyalpha dodecane.
6 . A process for synthesis of the wax inhibitor as claimed in claim 1 , comprising the steps of:
a. reacting the C14 to C24 fatty alcohol and the unsaturated organic acid at a ratio ranging from 1:1 to 1:1.5, in the presence of a solvent, to obtain a first reaction mixture;
b. mixing the first reaction mixture as obtained in step (a) with a catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor in presence of the solvent and homogenizing for a period in a range of 1 to 15 minutes, followed by heating at a temperature in a range of 40° C. to 150° C. for a period in a range of 2 to 24 hours to obtain a monomer of the C14 to C24 fatty unsaturated ester;
c. solubilising the monomer of the C14 to C24 fatty unsaturated ester obtained in step (b) in an organic solvent and mixing with the polyalpha olefin in the presence of a polymerization initiator at a temperature in a range of 30° C. to 120° C. for a period in a range of 2 to 24 hours to obtain a second reaction mixture; and
d. precipitating the second reaction mixture obtained in step (c) with an alcohol to obtain the wax inhibitor,
wherein the C14 to C24 fatty alcohol, unsaturated organic acid and polyalpha olefin are in a weight ratio range of 0.495:0.495:0.01 to 0.40:0.40:0.20.
7 . The process as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the unsaturated organic acid is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, and maleic acid; the C14 to C24 fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of C14, C16, C18, C20, C22 and C24 alcohol; and the polyalpha olefin is selected from the group consisting of polyalpha hexene, polyalpha octene, polyalpha decene, and polyalpha dodecene.
8 . The process as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylenes, mesitylene, trichlorobenzene, CHCl 3 , tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane, and dimethyl formamide (DMF); and the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of HCl, HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 , HClO 4 , H 3 PO 4 , H 3 PO 3 , organic acids, p-toluene sulfonic acid, alkali hydroxide, alkali oxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, alkali earth metal hydroxides, oxides, carbonates, bicarbonates and amberlyte resin.
9 . The process as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the polymerization initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoyl peroxide, 2,2′-azobis(isobutyrlonitrile), tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide and H 2 O 2 ; the polymerization inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of hydroquinone (HQ), 4-tert butyl catechol, methoxy hydroquinone (MEHQ), and butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT); and the alcohol for precipitating the polymers in step (d) is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol.
10 . A process for reducing wax deposition in waxy crude oil, comprising:
a. dissolving the wax inhibitor as claimed in claim 1 , in a solvent selected from the group consisting of hexane, heptane, toluene, benzene, ethyl benzene, xylenes and mixtures thereof, to obtain a dissolved composition having a concentration of the wax inhibitor in a range of 0.01 to 70%; and
b. adding the dissolved composition to a waxy crude oil at a concentration in the range of 5 ppm to 10000 ppm by weight at a temperature in a range of 5° C. to 10° C. above the wax appearing temperature (WAT) of the waxy crude oil.