Predetermined breaking body for a shaft of a machine, shaft having a predetermined breaking body, and machine having a shaft of this type

1 . A predetermined breaking body of a shaft of a machine, comprising:

a first sub-body;

a second sub-body; and

a predetermined breaking element, wherein

the first and second sub-bodies are connected to one another, so as to conjointly rotate, along a longitudinal center axis of the predetermined breaking body via the predetermined breaking element,

the predetermined breaking element is anisotropic, such that during transmission of a torque between the sub-bodies, the predetermined breaking element yields in a first torsion direction under a first predetermined ultimate torsional moment and yields in a second torsion direction opposed to the first torsion direction under a second predetermined ultimate torsional moment, and

the predetermined ultimate torsional moments differ in size.

2 . The predetermined breaking body according to claim 1 , wherein

the predetermined breaking body has a fiber-reinforced material structure, in the carrier material matrix of which are embedded reinforcing fibers which are arranged at a fiber angle different from 0° and from 90° with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the predetermined breaking body, and

at least one of the reinforcing fibers acts as the predetermined breaking element.

3 . The predetermined breaking body according to claim 1 , wherein

the predetermined breaking body is formed from a metallic material, and

the predetermined breaking body has, between the sub-bodies, a material recess which extends from an outer circumferential surface of the predetermined breaking body radially in the direction of the longitudinal center axis of the predetermined breaking body, as a result of which the predetermined breaking element is formed by the material recess.

4 . The predetermined breaking body according to claim 3 , wherein

the material recess is helical and the predetermined breaking body has, between the sub-bodies, a full thread of the helical material recess, with the predetermined breaking element being formed by this thread of the helical material recess.

5 . The predetermined breaking body according to claim 4 , wherein

one of the sub-bodies is designed as a solid shaft element.

6 . The predetermined breaking body according to claim 5 , wherein

one of the sub-bodies is configured as a hollow shaft element.

7 . The predetermined breaking body according to claim 6 , further comprising:

a flexurally rigid reinforcing element, the outer circumferential contour of which corresponds to an inner circumferential contour of a cavity of the corresponding sub-body and extends along the longitudinal center axis with the corresponding sub-body.

8 . The predetermined breaking body according to claim 7 , further comprising:

a flexurally rigid sheathing element, an inner circumferential contour of which corresponds to an outer circumferential contour of the corresponding sub-body and extends along the longitudinal center axis with the corresponding sub-body.

9 . A shaft for a machine, having a first sub-shaft body and a second sub-shaft body and having a predetermined breaking body according to claim 8 , wherein the sub-shaft bodies are connected to one another so as to conjointly rotate via the predetermined breaking body.

10 . The shaft according to claim 9 , wherein

the shaft and the predetermined breaking body are formed integrally with each other.

11 . A machine having a shaft according to claim 10 .