Toner
A toner comprising a toner particle, wherein the toner particle comprises a toner core particle, and the toner core particle comprises a binder resin; the binder resin comprises a resin A; the resin A comprises a monomer unit M1 having a specific structure in a specific amount, and a monomer unit M2 comprising an organosilicon polymer segment in a specific amount; the organosilicon polymer segment has a T3 unit structure and a T2 unit structure; in a DD/MAS measurement of the resin A by solid-state 29 Si-NMR, a proportion of a peak area corresponding to a silicon atom with the T3 unit structure, and a proportion of a peak area corresponding to a silicon atom with the T2 unit structure satisfy a specific relationship; and the weight-average molecular weight Mw of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble fraction of the resin A lies within a specific range.
1 . A toner, comprising:
a toner particle comprising a toner core particle;
the toner core particle comprising a binder resin and having a protruded portion on a surface of the toner core particle;
the binder resin comprising a styrene-acrylic copolymer resin A;
resin A comprising a monomer unit M1 represented by formula (1) and a monomer unit M2 represented by formula (2)
where L 2 is a single bond, —COO—(CH 2 ) n — or —NH—(CH 2 ) n —, n is an integer from 1 to 10, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and * represents a site of bonding to a silicon atom of the organosilicon polymer segment, with the provisos that when L 2 is —COO—(CH 2 ) n — a carbonyl is bonded to a carbon bonding R 2 , and when L 2 is —NH—(CH 2 ) n —NH is bonded to a carbon bonding R 2 ;
resin A comprising 65 to 85 mass % of monomer unit M1 and 0.05 to 2.00 mass % of monomer unit M2;
monomer unit M2 comprising an organosilicon polymer segment having T3 and T2 unit structures; and
the protruded portion being formed of an organosilicon polymer having a structure represented by R—SiO 3/2 where R represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an acyl group, an aryl group or a methacryloxyalkyl group, wherein
in a DD/MAS measurement of the resin A by solid-state 29 Si-NMR, 0.3≤A/B≤2.7 and 62≤A+B≤100 when A (%) is a ratio of a peak area corresponding to a silicon atom with the T3 unit structure relative to a total of peak areas corresponding to silicon atoms in the organosilicon polymer segment and B (%) is a ratio of a peak area corresponding to a silicon atom with the T2 unit structure relative to the total of peak areas corresponding to silicon atoms in the organosilicon polymer segment,
a weight-average molecular weight Mw of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble fraction of resin A measured by gel permeation chromatography is 50000 to 250000, and
in an observation of the surface of the toner particle using a scanning probe microscope, R is 80 to 250 nm and H is 25 to 100 nm when R is a number-average diameter of a maximum diameter of the protruded portion and H is a number-average height of the protruded portion.
2 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the organosilicon polymer is a polymer of an organosilicon compound having a structure represented by R—Si—R a 3 where R a independently represents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R represents an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
3 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein 0.004≤P(Si)/P(T)≤0.040 when P(Si) is a peak intensity of Si and P(T) is a total peak intensity of all ions in the toner core particle, obtained by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry of the toner core particle.
4 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner comprises resin A in a content of 50 mass % or higher.
5 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein resin A comprises a monomer unit M3 represented by formula (8) in a content of 3 to 10 mass %
where L 1 represents —COO—(CH 2 ) m —, m is an integer from 11 to 31 and R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, with the proviso that a carbonyl of L 1 is bonded to a carbon atom of a main chain.
6 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner particle comprises a plasticizer, the plasticizer comprising an ester compound of a diol with 2 to 6 carbon atoms and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with 14 to 22 carbon atoms.
7 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner particle comprises a resin B, and
a weight-average molecular weight Mw of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble fraction of resin B measured by gel permeation chromatography is 2000 to 7000.
8 . The toner according to claim 7 , wherein resin B comprises 85 to 100 mass % of monomer unit M1.
9 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a content of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble fraction of the toner is 0 to 10 mass %.
10 . The toner according to claim 5 , wherein m is an integer from 11 to 13.