Toner, toner production method, and two-component developer
A toner comprising a toner particle and a silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, wherein: a weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0 to 15.0 μm; the silica fine particle A is a treated silica fine particle having been surface-treated; and areas of each peak which is obtained by a solid-state DD/MAS 29 Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A and the silica fine particle A after washing thereof with hexane is in a specific range, and a full width at half maximum of the peak which is obtained by a solid-state DD/MAS 29 Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A is in a specific range.
1 . A toner, comprising:
a toner particle, the toner particle having a weight-average particle diameter of 4.0 to 15.0 μm; and
a silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, silica fine particle A having been surface-treated; and
2
≤
(
SD
1
+
SD
2
)
/
SD
1
≤
3.8
WD2 is 0.1 to 6.0 ppm
Ca
=
(
SD
1
+
SD
2
)
/
SQ
×
100
Cb
=
(
SD
1
w
+
SD
2
w
)
/
SQw
×
100
(
Ca
-
Cb
)
/
Ca
×
100
≤
5.
when upon measuring silica fine particle A in a solid-state DD/MAS 29 Si-NMR measurement, a peak PD1 corresponds to a silicon atom indicated by Si a in a structure according to Formula (1), a peak PD2 corresponds to a silicon atom indicated by Si b in a structure according to Formula (2), a peak PQ corresponds to a silicon atom indicated by Si c in a structure according to Formula (3), SD1 is area of the peak PD1, SD2 is area of the peak PD2, SQ is area of the peak PQ, and WD2 is a full width at half maximum of the peak PD2, and
upon measuring silica fine particle A in a solid-state DD/MAS 29 Si-NMR measurement after washing thereof with hexane, a peak PD1w corresponds to a silicon atom indicated by Si a in a structure according to Formula (1), a peak PD2w corresponds to a silicon atom indicated by Si b in a structure according to Formula (2), a peak PQw corresponds to a silicon atom indicated by Si c in a structure according to Formula (3), and SD1w is area of the peak PD1w, SD2w is area of the peak PD2w, and SQw is area of the peak PQw
when R independently represents a hydrogen atom, methyl group or ethyl group.
2 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein (SD1+SD2)/SD1 is 1.5 to 3.0.
3 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein WD2 is 1.0 to 4.0 ppm.
4 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein (SD1+SD2)/SQ×100≥1.0.
5 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein silica fine particle A has a number-average primary particle diameter of 5 to 500 nm.
6 . The toner according to claim 5 , wherein silica fine particle A has a number-average primary particle diameter of 50 to 300 nm.
7 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein silica fine particle A adsorbs 0.010 to 0.100 cm 3 /m 2 of moisture per 1 m 2 of BET specific surface area at a temperature of 30° C. and a relative humidity of 80%.
8 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a content of silica fine particle A is 0.01 to 10.00 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the toner particle.
9 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a portion of silica fine particle A is embedded in the toner particle and an embedding ratio of the silica fine particle A in the toner particle is 5 to 50%.
10 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein silica fine particle A comprises at a surface thereof a siloxane structure-bearing compound.
11 . The toner according to claim 1 , comprising a silica fine particle B at the surface of the toner particle, wherein
silica fine particle B is silicone oil-treated.
12 . The toner according to claim 11 , wherein silica fine particle B has a number-average primary particle diameter of 5 to 25 nm.
13 . The toner according to claim 12 , wherein the number-average primary particle diameter of silica fine particle B is at least 50 nm smaller than a number-average primary particle diameter of silica fine particle A.
14 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein silica fine particle A is a silica fine particle provided by mixing a silica fine particle substrate with a cyclic siloxane and carrying out a heat treatment at a temperature of 300 to 380° C.
15 . A method for producing the toner according to claim 1 , the method comprising the steps of:
mixing a silica fine particle substrate and a cyclic siloxane and carrying out a heat treatment at a temperature of 300 to 380° C. and 380° C. to produce silica fine particle A; and
mixing silica fine particle A with the toner particle.
16 . A two-component developer, comprising:
the toner according to claim 1 ; and
a magnetic carrier comprising a magnetic carrier core particle and a resin-coating layer on a surface of the magnetic carrier core particle, wherein
the resin in the resin-coating layer contains a monomer unit provided by a (meth)acrylate ester having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group.
17 . The two-component developer according to claim 16 , wherein the resin in the resin-coating layer comprises a monomer unit provided by a macromonomer according to Formula (B);
where R 3 is H or CH 3 , and A represents a polymer of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, styrene, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.